WAYS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF COMBING WHEN HARVESTING SOYBEANS

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR A. SAKHAROV ◽  
◽  
ALEKSEI A. KUVSHINOV
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Ground Speed ◽  
Grain Crushing ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Header Design

The use of combing headers for soy harvesting is a promising direction for improving the harvesting process. The method of combing standing crops will reduce the harvest time by increasing working speed, improve the product quality by reducing grain crushing, and minimize the anthropogenic impact of harvesters on the soil because of their reduced number and weight of their working units as compared to harvesters with conventional threshing-and-separating units. This modifi cation will provide livestock industry with cheap feed resulting from grain-soybean heap processing. The purpose of the study was to design and improve technical means for harvesting soybeans with the method of combing. Research was conducted on the “Lazurnaya” soybean variety. The results of soybean weighing and the composition of the grain-soybean heap are presented. The obtained experimental data show a decrease in the loss from the non-combed fraction at increased combing drum speed and reduced ground speed, but this is accompanied by signifi cantly increased loss of soybeans. To improve the quality of soybean harvesting using the combing method, promising solutions for the modernization of the combing headers are considered: installation of an additional beater, which will prevent unwinding of the uncombed parts of the soybean stalks on the drum and their subsequent breaking off ; integration of a sieve into a combing header design to reduce the amount of impurities; the use of hinges to attach the comb to the drum and the stopper, which help prevent accidental contact of the comb with the fi eld surface.

scholarly journals Post-harvest quality of fresh-marketed tomatoes as a function of harvest periods

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos David Ferreira ◽  
André Toshiro Oshima Franco ◽  
Ricardo Freitas Kasper ◽  
Antonio Carlos Oliveira Ferraz ◽  
Sylvio Luiz Honório ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Impact

Losses on tomato business chain start at harvest, a two-months period. At the beginning of the harvest, fruits concentrate at the basal part of the plant, then in the middle, and finally at the top, and undergo changes in diameter and maturity indexes as harvest progresses. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of handling at three different periods: (I) 15 days, (II) 30 days, and (III) 45 days after the beginning of harvest. Tomatoes were ordinarily grown and harvested in to bamboo baskets, and transferred to plastics boxes. Fruits were classified according to ripening stage and diameter, and evaluated for mechanical damage and external defects caused by harvesting procedures. The time required for the harvest operation was measured; damage to fruits (%) and weight loss (%), caused either in the field and/or during the harvesting process, were taken into consideration and related to the final quality of fruit after storage for 21 days. The same methodology was used all through the production and harvest cycle. The highest % fruit damage occurred during period II, a longer harvest time than the other two periods. Fruits not submitted to handling showed lower weight loss than handled fruits. Fruits harvested in period II and stored for 21 days showed higher losses due to mechanical injury.

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Term

2009 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gajewski ◽  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
Anna Sereda ◽  
Marta Bajer ◽  
Agnieszka Kuczkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Nitrates Content

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest TermIn 2007-2008 the effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvest term on quality of two carrot cultivars was investigated. The field experiment was carried out in Żelazna Experimental Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Karotan F1and Trafford F1cultivars, commonly grown for juice industry, were the objects of the experiment. Carrot seeds were sown at the beginning of May. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in five rates, ranged from 0 to 120 kg·ha-1and in two terms — before sowing and in the middle of growing season. Roots were harvested in three terms: mid-September, mid-October and the first decade of November. After harvest there were determined: nitrates (NO3) content in carrot roots and juice, soluble solids, colour parameters of juice in CIE L*a*b*system. The dose and the term of nitrogen fertilization influenced nitrates content in carrots, and the highest NO3concentration was found in carrots fertilized with 120 kg·ha-1of N before sowing. Karotan showed higher nitrates accumulation than Trafford. The content of nitrates in the roots was markedly higher than in carrot juice. Nitrates content in carrots decreased with delaying of harvest time, in opposite to soluble solids content. Soluble solids content and colour parameters of carrot juice were not affected by nitrogen fertilization, but the lowest L*, a*and b*values were observed at the last term of harvest.

Орошение томата F1 Донской в открытом грунте Московской области

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Engalychev ◽  
N.A. Engalycheva ◽  
A.M. Menshikh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Alluvial Meadow ◽  
Standard Production ◽  
Moscow River

Представлены экспериментальные данные о влиянии капельного орошения на урожайность и качество плодов томата при выращивании культуры в открытом грунте Московской области. На плодородных аллювиальных луговых почвах Москворецкой поймы при соблюдении агротехники без орошения в среднем за три года исследований в полевых условиях получена урожайность томата F1 Донской 31,9 т/га, с орошением 48,5 т/га, в т.ч. стандартной продукции 42,6 т/га.The article presents experimental data on the effect of drip irrigation on the yield and quality of tomato fruits when growing crops in open ground of the Moscow Region. On fertile alluvial meadow soils of the Moscow river floodplain, with the observance of agricultural technology without irrigation, the field yield of tomato hybrid F1 Donskoi on average for three years of research was 31.9 t/ha, with irrigation 48.5 t/ha, incl. standard production 42.6 t/ha.

О ТОЧНОСТИ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КООРДИНАТ ПОДВОДНОГО МОДУЛЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ИЗМЕРЕННЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ДВИЖЕНИЯ БУКСИРУЕМОЙ СИСТЕМЫ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Kostenko ◽  
Yu.V. Vaulin ◽  
F.S. Dubrovin ◽  
O.Yu. Lvov
Keyword(s):  
Immersion Depth ◽  
Computational Algorithms ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Ground Speed ◽  
Cable Length ◽  
Acoustic Navigation

Буксируемый подводный модуль (БПМ) эффективно используется для решения задач, связанных с координированием подводных объектов, местоположение которых подлежит уточнению в процессе их детальногообследования. При этом большое значение имеет точность определения координат самого буксируемогомодуля относительно судна-буксировщика. Использование гидроакустических навигационных средств, вчастности систем с ультракороткой базой (ГАНС УКБ), ограничено вследствие помех, влияющих на качествосигналов в приемной антенне. Альтернативой служит метод определения координат БПМ на основе данныхтраекторных измерений параметров буксируемой системы. К числу последних относятся расчетные значенияпараметров кабеля связи в установившихся режимах буксировки, значения путевой скорости и путевого углабуксировщика, а также измеренные значения длины кабеля, глубины погружения и курса БПМ. В работе дансравнительный анализ различных вариантов вычислительных алгоритмов, позволяющих получить оценки точности определения координат БПМ в различных режимах стационарной буксировки и при наличии сбоев вработе навигационных средств.The towed underwater module (TUM) is a useful toolfor solving problems of the positioning of the underwaterobjects, the location of which must be clarified during its detailedinspection. Herewith, the accuracy of the determinationof the coordinates of the towed module itself relative tothe towing vessel is essential for such kind of problems. Theuse of underwater acoustic navigation means, the systemswith ultra-short baseline (USBL) in particular, are limiteddue to interference affecting the quality of the signals on thereceiving antenna. As an alternative, the method is proposedfor TUM positioning based on trajectory measurements ofparameters of the towed system, which may include calculatedvalues of communication cable parameters in steadystatetowing modes, values of ground speed and towing angle,as well as measured cable length, immersion depth, andTUM heading. The paper provides a comparative analysisof various versions of computational algorithms, which allowobtaining estimates of the TUM positioning accuracy indifferent modes of stationary towing and in the presence offailures in navigation systems operation.

scholarly journals A Machine Vision Rapid Method to Determine the Ripeness Degree of Olive Lots

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2940
Author(s):  
Luciano Ortenzi ◽  
Simone Figorilli ◽  
Corrado Costa ◽  
Federico Pallottino ◽  
Simona Violino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Olive Ripeness ◽  
Olive Ripening

The degree of olive maturation is a very important factor to consider at harvest time, as it influences the organoleptic quality of the final product, for both oil and table use. The Jaén index, evaluated by measuring the average coloring of olive fruits (peel and pulp), is currently considered to be one of the most indicative methods to determine the olive ripening stage, but it is a slow assay and its results are not objective. The aim of this work is to identify the ripeness degree of olive lots through a real-time, repeatable, and objective machine vision method, which uses RGB image analysis based on a k-nearest neighbors classification algorithm. To overcome different lighting scenarios, pictures were subjected to an automatic colorimetric calibration method—an advanced 3D algorithm using known values. To check the performance of the automatic machine vision method, a comparison was made with two visual operator image evaluations. For 10 images, the number of black, green, and purple olives was also visually evaluated by these two operators. The accuracy of the method was 60%. The system could be easily implemented in a specific mobile app developed for the automatic assessment of olive ripeness directly in the field, for advanced georeferenced data analysis.

A Cyclic Plasticity Modeling for Uniaxial and Multiaxial Ratcheting Simulation of Austenitic Steel

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Meziani ◽  
Lynda Djimli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity ◽  
Strain History ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Plastic Shakedown

The first objective of this paper investigates the influence of the previous strain history on ratcheting of the 304 L stainless steel on ambient temperature. The identification is done using the Chaboche constitutive model. New tests were performed where different strain-controlled histories have been applied prior to ratcheting tests. It is demonstrated that under the same conditions, one can observe ratcheting, plastic shakedown or elasticity according to the prior strain-controlled history. The second objective points out the correlation between the experimental data base devoted to the identification of the material parameters and the quality of the predictions in cyclic plasticity. The results suggest that the choice of the tests should be closely linked to the capabilities of the model. In particular, the presence of non proportional strain-controlled tests in the data base may be not a good choice if the model itself is not able to represent explicitly such a character.

scholarly journals Capacity of the mechanical harvesting process of sugar cane billets

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Rodrigues Peloia ◽  
Marcos Milan ◽  
Thiago Libório Romanelli
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Green Conditions

The mechanized harvest of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Brazil is an irreversible trend and it comes with a great concern about the quality of the cane delivered to the industry. A key component to quality is the billet length which affects the processing of raw material, cane deterioration, invisible losses and load density of transport vehicles. Thus, due to the importance of the billet standard in quality and cost of raw material, this study aimed to evaluate if the mechanized harvesting of sugar cane can supply the quality requirements for the crushing process, regarding the billet length. A plot with burnt sugar cane (3.2 ha) and another one with green sugar cane (8.0 ha) were selected to be harvested by two (2) self-propelled sugar cane harvesters. For each harvested 0.4 ha a sample from each infield wagon was collected. The sample was composed by ten billets. The variability in burnt sugar cane was higher than in green sugar cane, and both harvesters did not present the capacity of keeping the billets with similar lengths when operating either in burnt or green conditions.

Thermal Laser Separation – A Novel Dicing Technology Fulfilling the Demands of Volume Manufacturing of 4H-SiC Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 821-823 ◽  
pp. 528-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Lewke ◽  
Karl Otto Dohnke ◽  
Hans Ulrich Zühlke ◽  
Mercedes Cerezuela Barret ◽  
Martin Schellenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Laser Separation

One challenge for volume manufacturing of 4H-SiC devices is the state-of-the-art wafer dicing technology – the mechanical blade dicing which suffers from high tool wear and low feed rates. In this paper we discuss Thermal Laser Separation (TLS) as a novel dicing technology for large scale production of SiC devices. We compare the latest TLS experimental data resulting from fully processed 4H-SiC wafers with results obtained by mechanical dicing technology. Especially typical product relevant features like process control monitoring (PCM) structures and backside metallization, quality of diced SiC-devices as well as productivity are considered. It could be shown that with feed rates up to two orders of magnitude higher than state-of-the-art, no tool wear and high quality of diced chips, TLS has a very promising potential to fulfill the demands of volume manufacturing of 4H-SiC devices.

Textiles and perishable materials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Banck-Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
The Status

This chapter challenges traditional views on Iron Age dress. Recent research has greatly enhanced our understanding of how textiles were manufactured in Iron Age Europe. The variety of qualities, textures, techniques, raw materials, colours, and cuts give insights into the detailed knowledge of the craftspeople involved. Textiles used for dress, blankets, or furniture fittings were appreciated not only for their appearance, but also for the quality of the work. In everyday life, their optical qualities were used to express and signal gender, social roles and status, while the labour expended on textiles found in wealthy burials underlines both the status of the deceased and the extent of conspicuous consumption in funerary rituals—for instance, for wrapping grave furniture and goods. The chapter also looks at experimental data showing how labour-intensive textile production was, and the types of clothing and accessories found in different archaeological contexts or depicted in visual representations.

scholarly journals TLC-based fingerprinting for Phyllanthus niruri from diverse geographical origins in East and Central Java Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
K Kartini ◽  
W A Wulandari ◽  
N I E Jayani ◽  
F Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Chemical Similarity ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Phyllanthus niruri L. (meniran), the member of Euphorbiaceae, is a medicinal plant that is commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical areas such as Asia, America, and China. Various factors such as environment, geographical location, harvest time, and post-harvest process can affect the quality of crude drugs produced from P. niruri. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of meniran herbs obtained from 15 geographical origins in East and Central Java, Indonesia using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) profiles analyzed by chemometrics. TLC was carried out using TLC plate Si Gel 60 GF254 as stationary phase; toluene, ethyl acetate, methanol, 85% formic acid (75:25:25:6) as mobile phase; and visualized using NP/PEG Reagent. The results showed TLC-fingerprinting combined with chemometric (PCA and CA) analyses were able to discriminate the origin of P. niruri from different geographical origins. P. niruri from 15 locations of East and Central Java Indonesia were classified into 5 groups based on their chemical similarity. The samples that are grouped in one cluster have the similar quality of chemical compounds, while the samples in different clusters also have different qualities.

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