scholarly journals EFL Teachers' Perceptions of Implementing Critical Thinking in Teaching Reading: Focus on the Possible Hindrances

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-63
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khonamri ◽  
◽  
Monireh Amirdehi ◽  
Martina Pavlikova ◽  
Hedviga Tkacova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
English Language ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teachers Beliefs

The study explores Iranian English teachers' perceptions of the importance of critical thinking skills and the extent to which they practice their beliefs in real classroom setting. As a secondary purpose, the study discovered the possible hindrances in the way of implementing critical thinking in reading classes. Using a sequential mixed-methods design, data were collected through survey questionnaire, interviews and class observations from 4 universities and several English language institutes. Fifty participants took part in the study. A questionnaire with 16 closed-ended and two open-ended questions was utilized to collect data about the teachers' beliefs. For the next phase of the study, one teacher from among 10 teachers who showed strong beliefs was conveniently selected for class observation and interview. The results of one sample T-test and independent sample T-test indicated that teachers believed critical thinking was important and that there was not any significant difference between male and female regarding critical thinking. Qualitative analysis of the data showed that despite the teachers' strong beliefs about the importance of critical thinking, they did not implement it much in their classroom practices. The hindrances as well as the implications of the study are fully explained in the paper.

scholarly journals Keefektifan Model Discovery Learning dengan Brainstorming terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Djukri Djukri
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

<div align="center"><table width="645" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="439"><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This reseach was aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model with Brainstorming on students' critical thinking skills. This research is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Data analysis used t-test and continued with an analysis of the N-gain value. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experiment class and the control class with a significance value of 0,001 ≤ 0,05. N-gain values in the experiment class and control class were 0.53 and 0.30, this means that the improvement of students' critical thinking skills in the experimental class is better than the control class.</p><p><strong>Abstrak:</strong><strong> </strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model <em>Discovery Learning</em> dengan <em>Brainstorming</em> terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian <em>quasi-eksperimen</em> dengan desain <em>non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design</em>. Analisis data menggunakan uji <em>independent t-test</em> dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis nilai <em>N-gain</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yaitu dengan nilai signifikansi 0,001 ≤ 0,05. Nilai <em>N-gain</em> pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol masing-masing 0,53 dan 0,30, ini berarti peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Collaborative Learning Throughtechniques on Group Investigation and Think Pair Share Students' Critical Thinking Ability on Chemical Equilibrium Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Fajrina Fauzi ◽  
Maria Erna ◽  
Roza Linda
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the improvement of students' thinking skills using collaborative learning techniques Think-Pair-Share and Group Investigation. The research used was a quasi-experimental research design with non equivalent control posttest design. The data collection technique used critical thinking skills questions consisting of 5 essay test questions. Based on the research results of hypothesis testing using paired simple t-test , the results obtained were sig (2-tailed) <0.05, which means that collaborative learning of GI and TPS techniques is effective on critical thinking skills than the control class. Hypothesis testing is to see significant differences between collaborative learning. TPS and GI techniques used independent sample t-test and the results obtained were sig (2-tailed) <0.05, which means that there is a significant difference between collaborative learning of GI and TPS techniques on critical thinking skills. For the average percentage of critical thinking skills in the collaborative learning class, the Think-Pair-Share technique is 80.57% and Group Investigation is 76.73%, and in the control class it is 68.45%, which means the application of collaborative learning techniques Think-Pair- Share is more effectively used in improving students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry-Based Worksheets to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills on Archimedes’ Law Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Suci Rizki Lestari ◽  
Yanti Sofi Makiyah
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Guided Inquiry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Assessment Sheet

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Guided Inquiry-based Student Worksheets on Archimedes’ Law. This study used an experimental method with a research design of one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study was all students of class XI MIA Public Senior High School 1 Sariwangi, the research sample was XI MIA 2. The sampling technique was done by using cluster random sampling. The data collection instrument used a pretest and posttest assessment sheet. Data analysis used statistical tests, namely N-Gain and t-test. The test result of the effectiveness of student worksheets based on guided inquiry using N-Gain analysis obtained a value of 0.97 with high criteria. Furthermore, the result of the t-test showed 15tcount&gt;t(0,995)(30)">  that it was 4.15>2.75. This indicated that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. Based on the average N-Gain and t-test, it can be concluded that guided inquiry-based student worksheets are very effective in improving students' critical thinking skills. The results of this study have the implication that guided inquiry-based student worksheets can be used in the implementation of learning as a form of assistance for students to improve students' critical thinking skills. 

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Based Socioscientific Issue (SSI) to Improve Critical Thinking Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muflichatu Nur Fita ◽  
Budi Jatmiko ◽  
Elok Sudibyo
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Innovative Solution

The purpose of this research was to see how effective the Problem Based Learning (PBL) based Socioscientific Issues (SSI) is at improving critical thinking skills. The sample used was grade seven in SMPN 4 Lamongan with 2 classes and each class contains 15 students. The design of the learning materials trial used  One-Group pre-test post-test design. Tests of critical thinking skills and student answer sheets were used to collect data. Techniques of data analysis used N-gain, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The result of this research is as follows: The effectiveness in terms of the critical thinking skills test the category increase is high, there is a significant difference between the test before and after learning with PBL based SSI and there is no difference N-gain in the two group classes and students' responses are classified as very good. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that PBL with SSI is effective to improve critical thinking skills. The implications of this study are PBL-based SSI has the potential to be an innovative solution and alternative for improving critical thinking skills.

scholarly journals Validity and Effectiveness of Argument-Driven Inquiry Model With Contextual Approaches to Improve Critical Thinking Skills in Science Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Siti Fadilah. MS ◽  
Budi Jatmiko ◽  
Tjipto Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Response Sheet ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and validity of a teaching document using Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) model with a Contextual Approach to improve students' critical thinking skills in science learning. This type of research was research and development (R&D) that refers to the 4D model. Data collected by the validation sheets, student response sheet, and critical thinking skills test. They were analyzed by using t-test and N-gain. The present research was applied in lower secondary at SMP Negeri 1 Bluto with trial design of One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The results of the data analysis show that (1) the learning materials was valid in terms of the results of the validity of the materials with the score of 3.57; (2) learning materials was effective in terms of: (a) the students' responses were categorized as very good with results of 83.2%, (b) students' critical thinking skill increased with an average value of N-gain in grade eight A of 0.74 and 0.75 for grade eight B with a high category. Based on the results of statistical analysis using the t test, the probability value (sig) was 0,000 in the two classes. This means that the significance value was less than 0.05 which means there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results. In conclusion, Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) model with a Contextual Approach is proven to be feasible and effective for improving critical thinking skills.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Melalui Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Laboratorium Virtual Pada Konsep Sistem Pernapasan Manusia Di SMA Negeri Unggul Sigli

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Teuku Musreza Fonna ◽  
Adlim Adlim ◽  
Muhammad Ali S
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Virtual Laboratory ◽  
Breathing System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa melalui pembelajaran konvensional dan penggunaan media laboratorium laboratorium virtual pada konsep sistem pernapasan manusia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-postest control group design. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI semester dua berjumlah 50 orang siswa SMA yaitu 25 orang kelas XI.A dan 25 orang kelas XI.B di SMA Negeri Unggul Sigli Kabupaten Pidie. Pembelajaran di kelas eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan media (software) virtual lab, sedangkan kelas kontrol diterapkan pembelajaran konvensional dan masing-masing kelas digunakan model Pembelajaran Langsung. Efektifitas penerapan Laboratorium virtual terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dianalisis dengan menggunakan tes berupa uraian yang dilakukan dengan uji-t (Independent Samples t-Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa thit. 5,507 > ttab. 2,011. Dengan demikian, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan penerapan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media laboratorium virtual terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada konsep sistem pernapasan manusia. Kata Kunci: Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Laboratorium Virtual, dan Sistem Pernapasan Manusia This research aims to determine the differences in critical thinking skills of students who taking conventional learning and virtual labs on the concept of the human breathing system. The method used is an experimental method by design pretest-posttest control group design. The research population is high school students at class XI in the second semester of school time. Two classes with 25 students each were chosen purposively for experiment and control class. The experimental classed was taught by using learning media of virtual laboratory software, while the control class was taught with conventional learning and both classes were applied the Direct Instruction Model. Pretest and posttest on critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of the students in both classes were compared and analyzed by using a test; essay and multiple-choice performed with t-test (Independent Samples t-Test). The results showed that there was significant improvement of critical thinking skills (tcount 5, 507 > ttable 2,011) students that learned through media of virtual laboratory software. Thus, there is a significant difference in the application of virtual laboratory software on students' critical thinking skills on the concept of the human breathing system. Keywords: Critical Thinking Skills, Virtual Laboratory, and The Human Breathing System

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING DAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER BERBASIS STUDENT CREATED CASE STUDIES

EDUSAINS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Dwi Ayu Lestari ◽  
Joko Ariyanto ◽  
Harlita Harlita
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Model Problem ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference

COMPARISON OF STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS WITH PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING AND NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER BASED ON STUDENT-CREATED CASE STUDIES MODELSAbstractThe study's purpose was to determine the differences in students' critical thinking skills between the problem-based learning and numbered heads together based on student-created case studies model on biology subjects in class X of SMA 2 Karanganyar in the academic year 2018/2019. This research is a quasi-experiment, and the research design used a posttest only with non-equivalent groups. The sampling technique is cluster sampling. Samples were 72 students, namely X IPA 3 as an experimental class 1 and X IPA 1 as an experimental class 2. Data collection techniques were using essay tests, observation sheets, and documentation. The data analysis used was an independent t-test. The calculation of the difference in the average posttest of the two groups for critical thinking skills showed a calculated value of 2,243 and the table value of 1.994 with a significance (α = 0,05). The calculation results show that tcount > ttable, which means there is a significant difference in the students' critical thinking skills in the class between the problem-based learning model and numbered heads together based on the student-created case studies model. AbstrakTujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa antara model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan numbered heads together berbasis student created case studies pada mata pelajaran biologi kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Karanganyar tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasy experiment). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah posttest only with non-equivalent group. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cluster sampling. Sampel yang diambil berjumlah 72 siswa yaitu X IPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 dan X IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen 2. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes essay, lembar observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji independent t-test. Hasil perhitungan perbedaan rata-rata posttest kedua kelompok untuk keterampilan berpikir kritis menunjukkan nilai hitung sebesar 2,243 dan nilai ttabel sebesar 1.994 dengan signifikansi (α=0,05). Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa thitung > ttabel, sehingga terdapat perbedaan signifikan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan model problem based learning dengan numbered heads together berbasis student created case studies. 

scholarly journals PENERAPAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Hendra Nelva Saputra ◽  
Salim Salim
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Thinking Skill ◽  
Critical Thinking Skill ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Level Of Significance

This research aims to determine the application of teaching materials based on the skills of critical thinking in the Learning class XI SMA Negeri 1 Pasarwajo. This type of research is research quasi-experiment with design pretest-posttest group design. The treatment class consists of two classes, which are experimental classes taught with critical thinking skill-based teaching and control class taught with the teaching materials used by learners. The Data is analyzed by using the gain score normalized and continued with the Independent sample T-test at a level of significance of 5%. The results of this study showed a graph of increased experimental class critical thinking skills taught using critical thinking skill-based teaching materials are always higher than the control class taught with the teaching materials commonly used by learners in schools. Different test results (t-test) average Gain normalized critical thinking skills learn to demonstrate a significant difference between learning after receiving learning by using the teaching materials based on critical thinking skills compared to using teaching materials commonly used learners in schools with tvalue = 6, 322 is greater than this ttable = 1.671 at a = 0.05.

scholarly journals Literature Circle: A Strategy in Improving Critical Thinking Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Mary Nerissa T. Castro, MST
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Literature Circle ◽  
Experimental Group

Reading is the prime foundation of one’s academic and social status. However, this vital skill is what most students lack attention and interest. As a result, it deteriorates their critical thinking skills. To address the problem, Harvey Daniel introduced his literature circle strategy. It showcases different features that likely aid student’s struggles in the aspect of reading. This study, therefore, aims to determine the effectiveness of the literature circle strategy in improving critical thinking skills in reading among students at the University of Cebu-Banilad Campus. The study utilized a quasi-experimental method where the 48 ABM Grade 12 research subjects of the study were divided into two groups, namely: control and experimental. Strategies employed in these groups were different. The traditional method was practiced in the control group, while the literature circle strategy was implemented in the experimental group. For data gathering, a researcher-made test about the short story “Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez Benitez was used as the main instrument. Another short story entitled “The Small Key” by Paz Latorena was used as a springboard in the implementation of strategies for both groups. Statistical treatments used for data analysis were simple percent, t-test for Correlational Samples, and t-test for Two Independent Samples. Findings revealed that in measuring subjects’ critical thinking skills in reading, there is a significant difference between the posttest performances of the groups. The research subjects under experimental group performed higher than the control group. The study concludes that literature circle strategy is effective in enhancing student’s critical thinking skills in reading.

scholarly journals The Influence of Learning Cycle Model Against the Motivation of Learning and Critical Thinking Skills of Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Farida Hidayah ◽  
Siti Alimah ◽  
Yustinus Ulung Anggraito
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Learning Cycle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Digestive System

This research aims to know the influence of motivation towards Learning Cycle of learning and critical thinking skills of students on the material of the human digestive system in SMP Negeri 03 Jekulo. The sample used is grade VIII VIII C and D taken with the technique of convenience sampling and research design a non-randomized control group pretest-posttes design. Data obtained in the form of motivation and critical thinking skills as well as the response of teachers and students towards learning Learning Cycle model. Data analysis using SPSS 16.0. The research results obtained studying motivations of students after learning Learning Cycle has increased from 76.87 with higher category be the category with very tinngi 84.67. Results the average critical thinking skills has increased from 76.34 with critical categories into classes with 82.11 wants a category of highly critical. The t-test based on posttest showed thitung > 11.628 from ttabel 2.073 which means there is a significant difference. The response of the students towards the Learning Cycle shows interest because of the interesting activities and serves the appropriate issues with everyday life. The teacher gave a positive response, namely students became active in learning, so that students acquire the knowledge of the concept of direct experience of the menjadiikan pengetahuaanya longer remember.  The conclusions of this research are the Learning Cycle model provides a positive influence motivation towards learning and critical thinking skills on the material of the human digestive system in SMP Negeri 3 jekulo.

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