scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of moisture removal from granules

Author(s):  
D.M. Korinchuk

With modern world trends in the growth of consumption of products of various industries and the environmental situation, the problem of rational use of energy and raw materials in industrial production in order to obtain the maximum amount of finished product of a given quality. An important step in solving this problem is to create an adequate mathematical model of the process. A simplified model of the process of dehydration of the aqueous solution film on the surface of a single granule in the production of multilayer composites in a granulator dryer has been developed. Simulation of pellet dehydration includes analysis of heat distribution in a spherical material and in a film of liquid (heat exchange) covering the sphere, and the process of evaporation of the mixture film (mass transfer), which take place simultaneously. The results can be applied at the stages of design and testing of the granulator.

Author(s):  
Е.О. СМЫЧАГИН ◽  
С.К. МУСТАФАЕВ

Разработаны технология и установка для переработки отработанных фильтровальных порошков (ОФП) в кормовые продукты (КП) на масложировых предприятиях после вымораживания подсолнечных масел с целью исключения процесса их окисления. Предложена модернизация ранее разработанной авторами технологии переработки отходов очистки семян подсолнечника (ООСП). Рекомендовано добавление во вторичное масличное сырье (ВМС) из ООСП обезжиренных центрифугированием ОФП. Установлено, что центрифугирование необходимо осуществлять в течение 35 мин при 900 об/мин центрифуги. Определена наибольшая эффективность прессования с экструдированием при добавлении 1–3% обезжиренного фильтровального порошка в ВМС. Установлено максимальное количество обезжиренного фильтровального порошка (10%). Совместная переработка ООСП и ОФП на созданной экспериментальной производственной установке позволила получить КП в соответствии с требованиями нормативных документов на подсолнечный жмых и КП «Подсолнечный» для сельскохозяйственных животных. It has been suggested modernizing the previous technology for recycling of sunflower seed waste, developed by the authors that included waste separation to obtain secondary oily raw materials. A technology and installation has been developed for recycling spent filter powders into fodder products immediately after freezing of sunflower oils at oil and fat plants to exclude the process of their oxidation. It is established that the centrifugation must be carried out for 35 min at 900 rpm of the centrifuge. The greatest efficiency of pressing with extrusion is determined when adding 1–3% of fat-free filter powder to secondary oilseeds. The maximum amount of fat-free filter powder (10%) is set. The co-processing of sunflower seeds waste and spent filter powders at the created experimental operation-performing installation made it possible to produce an experimental fodder product which meets the requirements of normative acts for sunflower seed cake and sunflower fodder product «Podsolnechnyy» used for feeding farm animals.


2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. H. Abdel-Salam ◽  
Robert W. Besant ◽  
Carey J. Simonson

This paper presents performance definitions for calculating the overall effectiveness of three-fluid heat and moisture exchangers. The three-fluid heat and moisture exchanger considered in this paper is a combination of a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger for heat transfer between a desiccant solution and a refrigerant and an energy exchanger for heat and moisture transfer between desiccant solution and air streams. The performance definitions presented in this paper are used to calculate the overall sensible and latent effectivenesses of a three-fluid heat and moisture exchanger, which has been tested under air cooling and dehumidifying operating conditions in a previous work (Abdel-Salam et al., 2016, “Design and Testing of a Novel 3-Fluid Liquid-to-Air Membrane Energy Exchanger (3-Fluid LAMEE),” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 92, pp. 312–329). The effectiveness of this three-fluid heat and moisture exchanger is compared when calculated using the traditional energy exchanger effectiveness equations and the overall performance definitions. Results show that the overall performance definitions provide effectiveness values that are less sensitive to changes in the inlet refrigerant temperature and therefore are more generally applicable for energy exchanger design than the traditional effectiveness equations used in the literature.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Zacharopoulou

It is expected that industrial heritage actually tells the story of the emerging capitalism highlighting the dynamic social relationship between the “workers” and the owners of the “production means”. In current times of economic crisis, it may even involve a painful past with lost social, civil, gender and/or class struggles, a depressing present with abandoned, fragmented, degraded landscapes and ravaged factories, and a hopeless future for the former workers of the local (not only) society; or just a conquerable ground for controversial investments. This is certainly an emotionally charged subject matter, with multiple readings and interpretations.However, this view is only partial when facing landscape during its historical evolution process. A diachronic study, thus, embraces all resources that probably gave rise to a variety of human activities; all of them embody heritage values -“subjectively” or “objectively” perceived- their evaluation, though, is a matter of an on-going process of the civil society.Greece's landscape accommodates a diversity of diachronic productive practices that may overlap historical periods, technological evolutions and social transformations. Pre-, early and industrial exploitation of resources does not remain firm but vary according to time and the needs of each society. The comparative scale of certain resource exploitation is highlighted as the key for the assessment methodology in close relation to the specific frame of a local landscape and a historical period.Even though archaeological evidence may possibly reveal and document continuity in a range of sustainable productive processes without conflicts, great controversies emerge when new investments are “offered” as an antidote to economic crisis -not harmonized to the local scale, traumatizing thus the “spirit” of the landscape. Suggestions for incompatible productive use and investment planning imply irreversible and irreparable effects on the environment, society and economy of a region and are only faced through social awareness. Case studies of passive and/or active involvement of local communities, in synthesizing and enhance landscape’s “spirit”, its diachronic industrial heritage and the embedded tangible and intangible values, will support a pragmatic -not a suspended- step towards a sustainable future. Quoting Neil Cossons (TICCIH Congress 2012) “Industrial imperialism ensures its position and protects its future not by the conquest of distant lands as by the securing of its sources of raw materials ... The modern world is as much under the control of the major industrial powers as it ever was during the colonial era”; if such a case can the industrial heritage sector remain apolitical?


2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufat S. Abiev

Abstract Minimization of the costs with simultaneous increase in the raw materials and energy use efficiency is a challenge for the modern world. One of the most effective tools to solve this task is the use of process intensification (PI), first proposed by Ramshaw C. The incentive for process intensification, Proceedings, 1st Intl. Conf. Proc. Intensif. for Chem. Ind., 18, BHR Group, London, 1995, p. 1. and then extended by Stankiewicz AI, Moulijn JA. Process intensification: transforming chemical engineering. Chem Eng Prog 2000: 22–34. In the presented review, some principles of PI in chemical engineering and their application for wide variety of processes is discussed. The role of the Russian scientist with a research background is carried out in other countries.


2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 1290-1293
Author(s):  
Han Guo ◽  
Yan Ma

The test bed for micron paring machining is a kind of Computer numerical control (CNC) carpentry test beds. Movement of machine is controlled automatically according to processing instructions, machining of different raw materials can be realized by simply changing the processing instruction program. The test bed’s precision and its persistence are mainly guaranteed by the lathe bed, and have an air clamping device and its feeding mechanism includes a stepper motor for CNC feeding. At the end of the thesis, the conclusion of experiment presents widths of micron parings machined by cutting lengthways along the grain fall between 50~150 µm. With further analysis, around 72% of the parings are 60~100 µm thick, around 75% are 5~8 mm wide, around 78% are 65~75 mm long. The results show micron parings machined by the specialised test bed meet the design requirements for micron parings.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12804-12809

Logistics Management is an effective system for the companies to deliver the products to the customers at the exact place where they demands at right time with right cost. Logistics management comprises the planning, implementation and control of the flow of raw materials and finished goods from the suppliers to the customers. This study is conducted to understand the conception of logistics and its significance. This study is to show the main functions of the logistics, aim, tactics and its various components. Nowadays most of the major companies are enforced to lessen their business expenditures because of the globalization and the companies are finding ways to reduce the costs without affecting the productivity. This made them to practice a new management tactics like Supply chain management and e-logistics. E-logistics provides the idea of logistics business into the modern world through the internet and completely changes the concept of simple logistics into e-logistics. E-logistics is the most modern technology in the field of logistics which brings the whole business world into a small online eworld. This novel set of communication with better computing and collective skills changes the new logistics into a customer oriented technology by data sharing, providing information and exact statistics with the supply chain customers. E-logistics helps in managing the new challenges in the supply chain field. The main components of the e-logistics are multi-channel operations, cross-border tasks, warehouse plan and inventory, planning, estimating and performance management. This study targets to understand the main benefits and the new tasks between logistics and e-logistics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (4) ◽  
pp. 042063
Author(s):  
D E Zyryanov ◽  
N S Reshetova ◽  
R A Marchenko

Abstract Pulp and paper products in the modern world are used in a variety of types and areas, due to which the issue of improving paper production technologies is relevant. The article presents the results of grinding fibrous semi-finished products using the knife method. A disc mill with an original knife set was used as the unit under study. For the most effective modes of grinding were selected to obtain raw materials with high quality indicators.


Road Safety is the most crucial aspect in this modern world as the reckless use of the developed technology i.e. vehicles, is leading to human loss. Safety concerns while driving is of utmost importance in our daily lives. It might lead to the loss of lives of even innocent people and loss of property. The evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the continuing increase in the number of sensors connected to the Internet has led to development of various application in our day to day life. Thus, automation in road safety using IoT can help to reduction as well as prevention of accidents. Accuracy is important when it comes to road safety and one must always strive to achieve the highest accuracy, provided there is no trade off’ with inexcusable time. Most of the road accidents are caused due to drowsiness or drunk driving. This paper deals with the design and testing of drunk and sleep-deprived driver detection device. This paper presents a low-cost effective method for drowsiness detection and proposes a method to detect whether the driver is drunk or not. Finally, it lays off a way to communicate with emergency help services. It deals with the design and testing of drunk and drowsy driver detection device.


2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1361-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Bin Yang ◽  
Yin Juan Liu ◽  
Guan Jun Qiao ◽  
Zhi Hao Jin

The SiC/Si multilayer composites were fabricated successfully by reaction sintering method with normal stacked papers as the raw materials. Paper was cut into rectangular sheets and stacked, then infiltrated with phenolic resin to get a laminar structure. This paper /resin laminar composite was transformed into porous carbon with laminar structure after heating at 800 oC for 2h in N2 atmosphere. Finally this porous laminar carbon was reheated with silicon powder at 1450-1650oC for 1-2h in a vacuum furnace and SiC/Si multilayer composites can be obtained through the in-situ reaction between carbon and liquid silicon. The microstructure, reaction mechanism, phase composition and mechanical properties of these multilayer composites were researched. The final material shows a distingished laminar structure with alternating arrangement of SiC thick layers and silicon thin layers. SiC layer was composed by beta-SiC and a little of free silicon and carbon not reacted. The capillarity infiltration and in-situ reaction of liquid silicon act key roles in this process. Higher strength and non-catastrophic failure mode for this material were observed.


2012 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Mae Ngai ◽  
Mary Nolan

Conventionally defined, “global commodities” refer to raw materials and basic foodstuffs—sugar, bananas, cotton, coal, bauxite—that are extracted or grown in one area of the world and sold on the world market for industrial or consumer use elsewhere. Labor historians focusing on the point of extraction/production or tracking the production and circulation of specific global commodities have gained insight into the development of global capitalism, in particular relations between colonized and colonizer, developing countries and advanced industrial countries. From Sidney Mintz's Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History (1986) to Mark Kurlansky's Cod: The Biography of the Fish that Changed the World (1998) scholars and general readers alike have found in studies of a single commodity a productive method for understanding social relations in the making of the modern world.


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