scholarly journals A case of typhoid in a student community and subsequent public health measures

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Nusser ◽  
W Kiehl ◽  
B Twisselmann
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Small Town ◽  
The Other ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Student Community ◽  
Health Authorities

Timely public health measures and close collaboration between the health authorities, physicians, the patient, and contacts can limit infection transmission, as the following report from Germany’s surveillance bulletin shows (1). A 23 year old Indian man arrived on 1 October 2001 in a small town in southern Germany to start a course of studies at a college for higher education. He shared his room with another Indian man; the other five rooms in the residence were occupied by 10 fellow students from different countries who attended one of two colleges.

Preparedness and response in Portuguese emergency plans - Interaction with public health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Leiras ◽  
A Martins
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Authority ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Emergency Plans ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Protection Authority

Abstract Background Articulation between Civil Protection and Public Health authorities is of paramount importance to control, reduce and prevent threats to the health of the population in situations of crisis or catastrophes. National Civil Protection Authority produces Emergency Plans which describe the role of every stakeholder in emergency situations. Role and importance of Public Health and Public Health Authorities is not always present or well described and known amongst stakeholders. Methods Data was collected from all Districtal Emergency Plans (n = 18). Each document was analysed considering time frame, refences to Public Health and Health Authorities, definition of roles, communication channels, coordination and inclusion of intersectoral communication flow. Quantitative analysis included absolute and relative frequencies and qualitative analysis to all parts related to the terms “Public Health” and “Health Authority”. Each document was reviewed by 2 independent researchers. Results From 18 Districtal Emergency Plans (DEP) analysed, 94,4% (n = 17) had references to Public Health, but none referred the role of Public Health Officers. Only 16,7% referred to Health Authorities, although 94,4% mentioned the law 135/2013, defining the role and attributes of Health Authority. In 72,2%, coordination of Public Health Measures was attributed to the National Medical Emergency Institute. Epidemiological surveillance and Public Health Emergencies were referred in 55,6%, and attributed to the Regional Administration of Health. Conclusions Public Health Authorities and Public Health Medical Officers role in articulation with National Civil Protection Authority in emergency situations lacks severely, with this role being replaced by other entities. This is of great concern regarding management and control of diseases, particularly communicable diseases. Key messages Public Health Authorities lack the necessary involvement in Emergency Plans and emergency situations. Public health measures are coordinated by other entities rather than Public Health Authorities.

scholarly journals Towards the Other Side of Complexity: Values and Decisions in a Time of Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Marcelo Knobel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Great Uncertainty ◽  
Short Time ◽  
First Time

AbstractHumanity is experiencing a moment of great uncertainty. This is not the first time a pandemic threatens the lives of millions of people. However, the speed with which governments and scientists are reacting to events is unprecedented. In an incredibly short time after the discovery of the virus, public health measures were implemented, and the development of defences in the form of public policies, medical therapies, and vaccines began. At this precarious moment, when the proliferation of information (and misinformation) from a variety of sources contribute to the spread of panic, universities and the scientific community emerge as the best and most reliable sources of information. It is only highly qualified specialists who can truly address the pandemic and its terrible economic, political, and public health consequences.

scholarly journals A Healer's Uncertain State of Mind in COVID-19 Pandemic

BioMedica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2S) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Zeenaf Aslam ◽  
Mansoor Ghani ◽  
Samina Kauser
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Conflicting Messages ◽  
Financial Losses

<p>Current plight of COVID-19 in developing countries entails uncertain prognosis, impending severe shortages of resources for testing and treatment and inadequate safety measure for health care providers. The imposition of unfamiliar public health measures that may infringe on personal freedoms, large and growing financial losses, and conflicting messages from authorities are among the other major stressors that undoubtedly will contribute to widespread emotional distress and increased risk for mental fatigue associated with COVID-19.</p>

INVESTIGATION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE RATE OF WAGE GROWTH OF MEDICAL WORKERS ON THEIR NUMBER IN A PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Elbek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
Average Salary ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Correlation Dependence ◽  
The One

The problem of a decent level of remuneration for medical workers against the background of the continuation of restrictions related to the spread of COVID on the one hand, and the May presidential decrees on the other has become particularly relevant. The article analyzes data on the actual number of employees with higher education and employed in the provision of public health services and the amount of their average salary in the new realities. The fact of the correlation dependence of wage growth rates on the growth rate of the number of medical workers has been established.

scholarly journals The current Ebola outbreak: old and new contexts

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1378-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Bellizzi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Success Stories

Within the ongoing Ebola outbreak in West Africa, separate scenarios reflect old contexts with well-known strategies to face the epidemic on one side and completely new and unprecedented situations requiring new approaches on the other side. While Senegal and Nigeria represent success stories on the implementation of appropriate standard public health measures for containment, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea require a major and innovative scale of actions to halt even more catastrophic consequences.

scholarly journals The Early Warning and Response System for communicable diseases in the EU: an overview from 1999 to 2005

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 7-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Guglielmetti ◽  
D Coulombier ◽  
G G Thinus ◽  
F Van Loock ◽  
S Schreck
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Member States ◽  
Response System ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Eu

Under Decision 2119/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, a network for epidemiological surveillance and control of communicable diseases in the Community was set up in 1998. One pillar of Decision 2119/98/EC is the early warning and response system (EWRS). The main objective of the network is to establish permanent communication between European Union (EU) Member States’ public health authorities, which are responsible for determining the measures required to control communicable disease-related events. Since 1998, a web based informatics tool has been developed in order to allow information to be shared between the relevant public health authorities. Between 1998 and December 2005, a total of 583 messages were circulated through the EWRS, notifying 396 events. The information shared through the system helped to coordinate public health measures in the EU. However, only few events prompted specific measures at Community level and most of them were controlled with public health measures applied at national level. Major events (such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and the results of simulation exercises prompted the Commission to upgrade the informatics system on the basis of user needs. Since 1 May 2004 the 10 newest Member States have provided information under the current legislation and since April 2005 the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is part of the system. Future developments will include a link between the existing EWRS and the communication platform currently developed by the ECDC.

scholarly journals Attitudes, behaviours and barriers to public health measures for COVID-19: a survey to inform public health messaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raynell Lang ◽  
Jamie L. Benham ◽  
Omid Atabati ◽  
Aidan Hollis ◽  
Trevor Tombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Indoor Spaces

Abstract Background Public support of public health measures including physical distancing, masking, staying home while sick, avoiding crowded indoor spaces and contact tracing/exposure notification applications remains critical for reducing spread of COVID-19. The aim of our work was to understand current behaviours and attitudes towards public health measures as well as barriers individuals face in following public health measures. We also sought to identify attitudes persons have regarding a COVID-19 vaccine and reasons why they may not accept a vaccine. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in August 2020, in Alberta, Canada in persons 18 years and older. This survey evaluated current behaviours, barriers and attitudes towards public health measures and a COVID-19 vaccine. Cluster analysis was used to identify key patterns that summarize data variations among observations. Results Of the 60 total respondents, the majority of persons were always or often physically distancing (73%), masking (65%) and staying home while sick (67%). Bars/pubs/lounges or nightclubs were visited rarely or never by 63% of respondents. Persons identified staying home while sick to provide the highest benefit (83%) in reducing spread of COVID-19. There were a large proportion of persons who had not downloaded or used a contact tracing/exposure notification app (77%) and who would not receive a COVID-19 vaccine when available (20%) or were unsure (12%). Reporting health authorities as most trusted sources of health information was associated with greater percentage of potential uptake of vaccine but not related to contact tracing app download and use. Individuals with lower concern of getting and spreading COVID-19 showed the least uptake of public health measures except for avoiding public places such as bars. Lower concern regarding COVID-19 was also associated with more negative responses to taking a potential COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion These results suggest informational frames and themes focusing on individual risks, highlighting concern for COVID-19 and targeting improving trust for health authorities may be most effective in increasing public health measures. With the ultimate goal of preventing spread of COVID-19, understanding persons’ attitudes towards both public health measures and a COVID-19 vaccine remains critical to addressing barriers and implementing targeted interventions and messaging to improve uptake.

scholarly journals Retarded Logistic Equation as a Universal Dynamic Model for the Spread of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Shayak ◽  
Mohit M Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Logistic Equation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
City District ◽  
Public Health Authorities

ABSTRACTIn this work we propose the retarded logistic equation as a dynamic model for the spread of COVID-19 all over the world. This equation accounts for asymptomatic transmission, pre-symptomatic or latent transmission as well as contact tracing and isolation, and leads to a transparent definition of the instantaneous reproduction number R. For different parameter values, the model equation admits different classes of solutions. These solution classes correspond to, inter alia, containment of the outbreak via public health measures, exponential growth despite public health measures, containment despite reopening and second wave following reopening. We believe that the spread of COVID in every localized area such as a city, district or county can be accounted for by one of our solution classes. In regions where R > 1 initially despite aggressive epidemic management efforts, we find that if the mitigation measures are sustained, then it is still possible for R to dip below unity when far less than the region’s entire population is affected, and from that point onwards the outbreak can be driven to extinction in time. We call this phenomenon partial herd immunity. Our analysis indicates that COVID-19 is an extremely vicious and unpredictable disease which poses unique challenges for public health authorities, on account of which “case races” among various countries and states do not serve any purpose and present delusive appearances while ignoring significant determinants.

scholarly journals OUTBREAK, EPIDEMIOLOGY, THERAPEUTICS AND PREVENTION OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE-2019: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
ZULFKAR LATIEF QADRIE ◽  
SHAHID UD DIN WANI ◽  
SURYA PRAKASH GAUTAM ◽  
M. KHALID AHMED KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Positive Results

The outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause during December 2019 was reported from Wuhan City, Hubei province capital in China as its epicenter. Symptoms of pneumonia in several patients admitted to hospitals from Wuhan, China during December 2019. The sudden increase in the patients having the same symptoms, in due course the contributing means was isolated from the infected populace. In the present short report, we have summarized various public health measures, viz., early marking of the suspected patient, diagnosis, and supervision of the suspected cases that will help prevent Coronavirus disease in 2019. At the start, it was named as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), and later it has been named Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recently. Within a few weeks of a short period, the virus affected the other of China after Wuhan and later in two to three months, it is present in more than 140 countries around the globe and adding. As of 03rd August 2020, there have been 17.6 million established cases worldwide, and 680, 894 deaths have been documented, with 11,460,074 recovered. Worldwide, multiple trails are going on with the hope to find the treatment and some have positive results. On the other hand, because no vaccine is offered, the precautionary methods are the best way to fight the virus.

scholarly journals "The Gypsy issue” in Hungary during the interwar years (I)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Tamás Hajnáczky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Creation

During the interwar years in Hungary, the authorities approached the issue of Gypsy settlements mainly through regulations concerning public health. Measures to try to settle the so-called “wandering Gypsies” resulted indirectly in the creation of new Gypsy settlements. The conflicting interests of government ministries and the local authorities became all the more apparent, as they both expected the provision of the accompanying necessary funds to resolve the “Gypsy issue” from the other party. The implementation of the decrees issued by the central authorities were often obstructed and faced criticism from officials, doctors, and gendarmerie responsible for their implementation at the local level. During the period in question, the content of the “Gypsy issue” gradually changed: during the 1920s it mostly meant the setllement of “wandering Gypsies”; while later, in the 1930s, along with the old ones new challenges arose related to the Gypsy settlements, which increased both in size and number. The author uses little-researched primary sources: resolutions approved by the Hungarian authorities and Hungarian interwar periodicals such as: the Csendőrségi Lapok (Gendarmerie Journals), Magyar Közigazgatás (Hungarian Public Administration) and Népegészségügy (Public Health).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document