Respuesta de variedades de maíz (Zea mays L.) a diferentes fuentes de fertilización en el Valle de Puebla.

Nowadays, there are biologically sustainable options that can partially replace synthetic fertilizers and reduce production costs. To test the response of 18 maize varieties to synthetic fertilization (FQ), synthetic fertilization plus inoculant (FQB) and synthetic fertilization plus compost (FQC), in 2010 two experiments were established in rainfed conditions in the Valley of Puebla, with a completely randomized design, under a split plots arrangement, with three replications. Type of fertilization was assigned to the main plot and maize genotypes were the split plot. No differences were found in grain and stover yield by type of fertilization. There was a strong interaction between varieties and type of fertilizer as well as between varieties and location in grain and stover yield. For the interaction between variety and type of fertilization, it was found that 56% of the varieties showed higher yields with FQC, in while 27.8% had higher yields with FQB and 16.7% yielded better with FQ. The highest stover yield was obtained in San Andrés Calpan with FQC (8.8 Mg ha-1), while in San Pedro Tlaltenango it was obtained with FQB (15.3 Mg ha‑1) and FQ (15.4 Mg ha‑1). The use of both synthetic fertilization and inoculant or compost maintains and increases maize grain and stover yield, compared with using only synthetic fertilizer.

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Utilization of Industrial Waste Pulp And Palm Oil on Growth and Results of Corn (Zea mays L) On Peat

10.31219/osf.io/rs5g6 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

mulono apriyanto bin sugeng rijanto

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Straight Line ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Main Plot ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Plot Design

This study aims to determine the merits of various industrial waste pulp and palm oil as well as getting the most appropriate formulation ongrowth and yield of maize varieties Earth-3 and NK-212 in peatlands. Research using split plot design using the design of completely randomized design(CRD) and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Varieties as the main plot consists of: (V1): Varieties of Earth-3, (V2): Varieties of NK-212. Treatmentsubplot, consisting of six formulations ameliorant, namely: F1 (60% OPEF + 20% GPB + 10% Dregs + 10% Fly ash), F2(60% OPEF + 10% GPB + 20%Dregs + 10% Fly ash ), F3(60% OPEF + 10% GPB + 10% Dregs + 20% Fly ash), F4(40% OPEF + 30% GPB + 10% Dregs + 20% Fly ash), F5(40%OPEF + 20% GPB + 30% Dregs + 10% Fly ash) and F6(40% OPEF + 10% GPB + 20% Dregs + 30% Fly ash). The data obtained were stat isticallyanalyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by HSD test at 5% level.The results showed that various formulations of industrial waste pulp andpalm oil gave similar results to the root dry weight, dry weight of straw, hay root ratio, the diameter of the cob, corncob, corncob without the husk and dryseed weight. It can be seen from the cob generated a large and long and close cob husk well (± 98%), beans straight line with a number of seed rows15-16 rows, as well as a uniform crop diversity, is in conformity with the description.

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KADAR AIR, pH DAN TOTAL MIKROBA DAGING AYAM YANG DITAMBAHKAN KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma mangga Val.)

ZOOTEC ◽

10.35792/zot.36.2.2016.12567 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 405

Author(s):

John Wala ◽

Tiltje Ransaleleh ◽

Indyah Wahyuni ◽

Merri Rotinsulu

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Storage Time ◽

Chicken Meat ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Split Plot ◽

Main Plot ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Plot Design

THE EFFECT OF WHITE TURMERIC (Curcuma mangga Val.) ADDITION ON CHICKEN MEAT AGAINST WATER CONTENT, pH AND MICROORGANISM NUMBERS. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of white turmeric (Curcuma manggaVal.) on chicken meat at cold storage (4oC). This research used Split Plot Design with 2 treatment factors based on completely randomized design. The Main Plot contains of 4 treatments (A0 = without storage, A1 = 3 days storage, A2 = 6 days storage, A3 = 9 days storage) and the Sub Plot contains of 4 treatments (B0 = without white turmeric, B1 = 4% grating of white turmeric, B2 = 8% grating of white turmeric, B3 = 12% grating of white turmeric). The variable that observed are water content, pH and microorganism number. The result showed that the addition of white turmeric was not significant affected (P > 0.05) against water contentof chicken meat, however it was highly significant affected (P < 0.01) against pH and microorganism numbers of chicken meat. Storage time was highly significant affected (P <0.01) against water content, pH and microorganism numbers of chicken meat. The interaction between both of treatment factors was given highly significant affected (P < 0.01) against water content, pH and microorganism numbers of chicken meat. As a conclusion, the addition of white turmeric on chicken meat was not affected against water content, however it can decrease pH and obstruct microorganism activity. Keywords : chicken meat, white turmeric, pH, water content, microorganism numbers

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Kandungan Alginat Sargassum polycystum pada Metode Budidaya dan Umur Tanam berbeda

Biosfera ◽

10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.2.303 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Dwi Sunu Widyartini ◽

A. Ilalqisny Insan ◽

Sulistyani Sulistyani

Keyword(s):

Good Growth ◽

Basic Design ◽

Growth Season ◽

Sargassum Polycystum ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Main Plot ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Method Of Planting ◽

Plot Design

Sargassum polycystum is one of seaweed what be able to produce alginate. Cultivation development intensively use common cultivation methods and planting age of growth season properly which can be able to produce good growth and highest alginate. This study is used an experimental method. The basic design used for the content of alginate S. polycystum use completely randomized design (CRD) with Split Plot Design which repeated 3 times. The main plot of this study is a method of cultivation are included by floatting method and bottom method and Subplot is age after planting are consist of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The cultivation result of S. polycystum by bottom method with 28 days, showed the highest growth rate about 17.38 g.day-1, while the lowest growth were founded on bottom method on age 7 days about 3.42 g.day-1. The Results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction of cultivation method and planting age have significant effect on the subtances of alginate from S. polycystum. The highest alginate are produced by bottom method of planting age on 28 days about 58.33%. The Lowest alginate are produced by floating and bottom methods of planting age on 7 days about 11.67%. Quality of alginate farmed bottom methods of color is more yellowish than the cultivation of the floating method.

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KAJIAN PEMBERIAN PAKAN BERBAHAN BAKU LOKAL DENGAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN GURAME (Osphronemus goramy Lac.)

Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia ◽

10.36706/jari.v9i1.14257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Aditya Kusuma Nugroho ◽

Siti Hudaidah ◽

Limin Santoso

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Economic Value ◽

Production Costs ◽

Feed Production ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Key Word ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Cost ◽

Protein Treatment

Gourami fish (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) is a freshwater fish commodity that has high economic value because its very popular with all people. But the feed commonly used by gourami fish cultivators is factory-made feed, which is a commercial feed that usually costs quite a lot of money due to the material for making commercial feed, some of which still import from abroad. Therefore it is necessary to find a solution to reduce the cost of cultivation production by replacing commercial feed with homemade feed made from local raw materials. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of local raw materials formulated to make feed suitable for the growth of gourami fish (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) And to analyze the production costs of goramy feed made from local raw materials. This study consisted of 4 treatments and 3 replications using the completely randomized design (CRD) method. The treatments consisted of treatment A (30% protein), treatment B (33% protein), treatment C (36% protein), and treatment D (commercial). The results of this study indicate that the treatment of feed A, B, and C produced the same growth as commercial feed, and treatment of feed A resulted in the lowest feed production costs compared to other treatments. Key word: feed, growth, local raw materials, Oshphronemus goramy

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Utilization of Industrial Waste Pulp And Palm Oil on Growth and Results of Corn (Zea mays L) On Peat

10.31219/osf.io/n5268 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

mulono apriyanto bin sugeng rijanto

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Straight Line ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design

This study aims to determine the merits of various industrial waste pulp and palm oil as well as getting the most appropriate formulation on growth and yield of maize varieties Earth-3 and NK-212 in peatlands. Research using split plot design using the design of completely randomized design (CRD) and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Varieties as the main plot consists of: (V1): Varieties of Earth-3, (V2): Varieties of NK-212. Treatment subplot, consisting of six formulations ameliorant, namely: F1 (60% OPEF + 20% GPB + 10% Dregs + 10% Fly ash), F2(60% OPEF + 10% GPB + 20% Dregs + 10% Fly ash ), F3(60% OPEF + 10% GPB + 10% Dregs + 20% Fly ash), F4(40% OPEF + 30% GPB + 10% Dregs + 20% Fly ash), F5(40% OPEF + 20% GPB + 30% Dregs + 10% Fly ash) and F6(40% OPEF + 10% GPB + 20% Dregs + 30% Fly ash). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by HSD test at 5% level.The results showed that various formulations of industrial waste pulp and palm oil gave similar results to the root dry weight, dry weight of straw, hay root ratio, the diameter of the cob, corncob berkelobot, corncob without the husk and dry seed weight. It can be seen from the cob generated a large and long and close cob husk well (± 98%), beans straight line with a number of seed rows 15-16 rows, as well as a uniform crop diversity, is in conformity with the description.

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Effect of Crude Oil Concentrations on the Vascular Bundle Size of Two Maize Varieties

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v30i530187 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

G. C. Ajuziogu ◽

N. E. Abu ◽

D. O. Aino ◽

S. Ideyi ◽

O. E. Udoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Vascular Bundle ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

State University ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The reliance of humanity on fossil fuels particularly petroleum hydrocarbons has been on the increase and had led to increased pollution of agricultural lands. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of crude oil concentrations on the vascular bundle sizes of two Zea mays varieties – Oba Super Zaria (OSZM) and SMZ 37 Kaduna commonly cultivated in the South-eastern Nigeria. The study was conducted in the green house in the Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kogi State University, Ayingba, Kogi State. The experiment was setup as a 2 × 4 factorial laid out in a Completely Randomized Design replicated three times with four treatment concentrations (0-control, 15, 30 and 45 ml) of petroleum crude and two maize varieties. Highly significant effects (P < 0.001) of the concentrations as well as the varieties were observed on the vascular bundles. The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in vascular bundle sizes with increasing concentration, with plants exposed to 45ml crude oil concentration having the smallest vascular bundle sizes. The vascular bundle sizes of Oba super Zaria decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing concentrations of crude oil, while significant differences were also observed with the increasing concentrations in SMZ 37 Kaduna as compared to the control. Based on the results obtained from this investigation, OSZM appeared to be more susceptible to soils affected with crude oil.

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PENGARUH STIMULAN AKAR DAN MEDIA TUMBUH PADA PERTUMBUHAN SETEK PUCUK PUNAK (Tetramerista glabra Miq)

JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI ◽

10.26418/jhl.v7i1.32191 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anis Fatul Azizah ◽

Abdurrani Muin ◽

Hanna Artuti Ekamawanti

Keyword(s):

Growth Media ◽

Swamp Forest ◽

Peat Swamp Forest ◽

Wood Vinegar ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Indigenous Plant ◽

Main Plot ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Screen House ◽

Plot Design

Punak (Tetramerista glabra Miq) is an indigenous plant species growing in peat swamp forest that can be propagated vegetatively through shoot cuttings. Punak can be used as a material for plywood,boards, poles, and firewood. The purpose of this study was to obtain root stimulants and growth media to be suitable for the growth of punak shoot cuttings. This research was conducted at the Silviculture Laboratory and screen house of the Ruang Pamer and Bursa Anggrek, UniversitasTanjungpura.This study used split plot design with a completely randomized design (CRD). The main plot factor was growth media with two levels of factor (cocopeat and cocopeat + husk charcoal) and the sub plot factor was root stimulants with three levels of factor (without root stimulants, rootone-F, and wood vinegar). The results of this study show that the percentage of life of shoot cuttings was 80 %, while the percentage of cuttings was rooted at 66.66%. Therefore, the effect of root stimulant and growth media are not significant in the growth of punak shoot cuttings, as seen from the time of planting until three-month-observation.Keywords: cocopeat, husk charcoal, peat, restoration, wood vinegar

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Rooting of semihardwood cuttings of olive: indolbutyric acid, calcium and Azospirillum brasilense

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v9i1.977 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 34-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Danimar Dalla Rosa ◽

Fabíola Villa ◽

Daniel Fernandes da Silva ◽

Fábio Corbari

Keyword(s):

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Average Length ◽

Production Costs ◽

State University ◽

Rooted Cuttings ◽

Intensive Exploitation ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Olive Cultivars ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Arbequina Cultivar

Nowadays the semihardwood cuttings of olive is the most used method to produce seedlings of this specie; however, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of this method to enable the intensive exploitation of this fruit crop and reduce the seedling production costs. Thus, two experiments were conducted concurrently in sand bed, under a canvased shelter of the State University of Western Paraná (Brazil) to evaluate the number and average length of roots per cuttings, the percentage of rooted cuttings, cuttings with callus and dead cuttings. In the first experiment cuttings of olive cultivars Arbequina, Maria da Fé and clone 2 were treated with IBA (3.0 g L-1) associated with calcium concentration at 0.0; 0.25; 0.50 and 1.0 mmol L-1, implanted in a completely randomized design in a split plot design, with four replications containing ten cutting each, under intermittent mist. For this experiment the Arbequina cultivar presented the highest average number of roots per cutting and the highest percentage of rooted cuttings, but Maria da Fé cultivar promoted the highest average of cuttings with callus. In the second experiment Clone 2 cuttings were submitted to calcium (0.5 mmol L-1) and IBA (3.0 g L-1), and substrate inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense bacterium, implanted in a completely randomized design containing three replications of ten cuttings each. In this experiment, the highest percentage of rooted cuttings was obtained for IBA (3.0 g L-1) + A. brasilense.

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Agronomic and Chemical Performance of Corn Cultivars under Inoculation and Co-Inoculation with Diazotrophic Bacteria

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac114.1176511777 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 11765-11777

Keyword(s):

Chemical Potential ◽

Production Costs ◽

Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽

Corn Production ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Randomized Design ◽

N Dose ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Hybrid Cultivar ◽

Soil Microbial Population

The intense use of agricultural fertilizers in corn crops results in serious environmental impacts, an increase in production costs, and the reduction of the soil microbial population. An alternative to these problems is the use of microorganisms present in the soil. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic and chemical potential of different corn cultivars under inoculation and co-inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria Azospirillum brasiliense and Bradyrhizobium japonicum. A field experiment was performed in a completely randomized design in a bifactorial scheme. Factor A consisted of inoculation (use of an isolate) and co-inoculation (use of the two bacteria) and factor D, of corn cultivars (creole and hybrid) submitted to different N doses (40 and 80 kg/ ha or 50% and 100% of N dose recommended). The grain yield was up to 11862.7 kg/ ha for the hybrid cultivar treated with bacteria co-inoculation. The oil and protein yields were up to 31 ± 14.9 g oil/ 100 g sample and 1.1 ± 0.2 g protein/ 100 g sample. Thus, the use of inoculation and co-inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria can be applied in the management of corn production as a strategy to reduce production costs and obtain higher yields.

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Evaluation of the Potential of Sewage Sludge for Manufacturing Substrate for Passion Fruit Seedlings

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v12n4p262 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 262

Author(s):

Israel Martins Pereira ◽

Alex Justino Zacarias ◽

Rebyson Bissaco Guidinelle ◽

Julio Cesar Gradice Saluci ◽

Mário E. P. da Costa Jaeggi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Production Costs ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Management Techniques ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

Yellow Passion Fruit

Brazil is the world’s largest producer and largest consumer of passion fruit, producing approximately 0.1 million tons. However, crop management techniques are deficient in the use of alternative sources of fertilizer, an extremely relevant aspect in reducing production costs, as some nutrients are imported at high costs. Thus, this study was intended to calculate the percentage of an optimal dose of sewage sludge according to the regression model for each morpho-agronomic trait of yellow passion fruit. A completely randomized design (CRD) was adopted, consisting of four treatments, 0; 25; 50; and 75%, with 20 replicates considering one plant per replicate. Treatments were T1 (0 without sewage sludge addition), T2 (75% soil + 25% sewage sludge); T3 (50% soil + 50% sewage sludge); and T4 (25% soil + 75% sewage sludge). Regression coefficients were above 80%. Morpho-agronomic traits obtained optimal doses at a concentration of 50% of sewage sludge for the manufacture of the substrate. The conclusion reached was the substrate based on sewage sludge in the proportion of 50% combined with 50% of soil was superior to the other ones for seedling production.

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