GENETIC DIVERSITY OF BRAZILIAN PEPPER BASED ON QUALITATIVE REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS

In Brazil, pepper cultivation gives producers more marketing opportunities in various segments, either for fresh consumption or industry. Reproductive traits are efficient methods for comparing genetic divergence in pepper, once most differences among accessions could be verified at this stage. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic divergence in the reproductive phase of pepper accessions by multivariate analysis and test the efficiency of different methods. Sixty-five genotypes from the Federal University of UberlândiaCapsicum spp. Germplasm Bank were evaluated 145 days after sowing, and morphological characterization was performed at reproductive phase. Graphical representation of genetic distances was obtained by UPGMA. Tocher optimization method was also used to group accessions. Genotypes were arranged in seventeen different groups by Tocher method. UPGMA dendrogram collaborated with Tocher method, indicating the wide genetic variability of genotypes. Tocher and UPGMA methods were partially in agreement, allowing grouping 44 of the 65 analyzed accessionsequally. Multicategorical traits have the advantage of easy observation and require less time and labor, being ideal for use in gene bank and collections that do not have high human and financial resources. Moreover, these traits are not affected by the environment. Genetic divergence detected in this paper encourages other researchers to perform the characterization of pepper collections as completely as possible, because it becomes possible to generate more reliable information of the variability and genetic divergence among accessions. Our research discloses the reproductive biodiversity of pepper in “Alto Paranaíba” and “TriânguloMineiro” regions and the importance of maintaining these genotypes.

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Genetic divergence among hybrids of 'Cravo' mandarin with 'Pêra' sweet orange

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000100017 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 115-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roberto Pedroso de Oliveira ◽

Carlos Ivan Aguilar-Vildoso ◽

Marcos Antônio Machado

Keyword(s):

Principal Components ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Sweet Orange ◽

Low Cost ◽

Principal Component ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

F1 Hybrids

Molecular markers have been used as tools in breading programs of sexual hybridation, allowing the genetic characterization of a large number of genotypes. The RADP markers are the most used since the employed techniques are simple and of low cost. To evaluate the genetic divergence among F1 hybrids of 'Cravo' mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and 'Pêra' sweet orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck), this study analyses the variability and similarity of the hybrids among themselves and with their parents. Random Amplified Polimorfic DNA marker analysis, with 102 primers, were applied to a population composed of 94 hybrids and their parents. Multivariate genetic divergence analysis of the principal components and Tocher grouping were carried out only considering the polymorphic fragments. Genetic distances were calculated by the arithmetic complement of the Jaccard index. Bidimensional dispersion graphs among hybrid and parent distances and of the divergence analysis by principal components were constructed. High genetic similarity among Cravo and Pêra varieties and their hybrids was verified, showing a casual distribution from the hybrids in relation to the parents, but in intermediary positions. The principal component analysis showed little applicability in the study of hybrid genetic divergence. The hybrids and parents were classified in groups based on the genetic similarity, using the Tocher optimization method.

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Genetic divergence among elephantgrass cultivars assessed by RAPD markers in composit samples

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162002000400001 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 623-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽

Messias Gonzaga Pereira ◽

Antônio Vander Pereira ◽

Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Jr.

Keyword(s):

Dna Markers ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Germplasm Bank ◽

Arbitrary Primers ◽

Forage Plants ◽

The Matrix

Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is native to regions of tropical Africa and was introduced in Brazil around 1920 through plantings imported from Cuba. It is currently one of the most widespread forage plants throughout the country. At first, there were two cultivars, Napier and Mercker, with well defined characteristics. New genotypes arose and it is believed that the large number of cultivars existing today in germplasm bank is due to duplicates. DNA markers for cultivar characterization are a very valuable tool, especially in situations where morphological and isoenzymatic markers have already been used as in the case of elephantgrass. Thus RAPD markers were used to estimate the genetic divergence among the Napier group elephantgrass cultivars from the elephantgrass Active Germplasm Bank at EMBRAPA Dairy Cattle. The polymerase chain reaction with 37 arbitrary primers from the OPERON Technologies series supplied 94 polymorphic and 73 monomorphic bands. From the matrix of complement of the Nei index, cluster analysis by the Tocher optimization method formed three clusters. Pearson correlation among genetic distance estimates obtained from the DNA markers and the isoenzymatic markers showed the consistency of both the methods in assessing genetic divergence among elephantgrass cultivars. No duplicates were found in the treatments assessed.

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Characterization of genetic variability among common bean genotypes by morphological descriptors

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332012000100010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 76-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marilene Santos de Lima ◽

José Eustáquio de Souza Carneiro ◽

Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro ◽

Camila Santana Pereira ◽

Rogério Faria Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Common Bean ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Morphological Descriptors ◽

Germplasm Bank ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Genetic Dissimilarity

The purpose of this study was to characterize the genetic variability in 100 genotypes of the Active Germplasm Bank of common bean of the Federal University of Viçosa, by morphological descriptors, classify them in groups of genetic similarity and to identify the degree of relevance of descriptors of genetic divergence. The genotypes were evaluated based on 22 quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors. The high-yielding genotypes V 7936, Gold Gate, LM 95103904, 1829 S 349 Venezuela, and PF 9029975, CNFC 9454 and Fe 732015, with upright growth, have potential for use as parents in common bean breeding programs. By genetic divergence analysis, the genotypes were clustered in eight groups of genetic dissimilarity. By methods of principal components, 9 of the 22 descriptors were eliminated, for being redundant or little variable, suggesting that 10-20 morphological descriptors can be used in studies of characterization of genetic variation.

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Morphological characterization of sweet and sour cherry cultivars in a germplasm bank at Portugal

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution ◽

10.1007/s10722-007-9263-0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 593-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Luciano Cordeiro Rodrigues ◽

María Remedios Morales ◽

Artur João Bártolo Fernandes ◽

Jesús María Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Sour Cherry ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Germplasm Bank

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The Brazilian lima bean landraces: conservation and breeding

10.21203/rs.3.rs-242568/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carolline de Jesús Pires ◽

Marcones Ferreira Costa ◽

Maria Imaculada Zucchi ◽

Regina Lucia Ferreira-Gomes ◽

José Baldin Pinheiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Polymorphic Information Content ◽

Lima Bean ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Phaseolus Lunatus ◽

Lima Beans ◽

On Farm

Abstract Brazil is one of the countries with the greatest genetic diversity in lima beans ( Phaseolus lunatus L.), which has been maintained both on farm and in germplasm banks. The knowledge of this diversity in the country is extremely important for developing a strategy for use and conservation. The objective of this study was characterizing landraces lima bean accessions from different regions in Brazil . Twenty two accessions conserved in the Phaseolus Germplasm Bank from UFPI (Piauí-Brazil) were characterized with 37 agro-morphological descriptors and 15 microsatellite markers. In the agro-morphological characterization, the maximum value of genetic divergence was obtained for the pair UFPI-262 and UFPI-252 (D = 88.74). The UPGMA grouping made it possible to form four groups. Tocher's optimization method enabled the formation of 10 groups. Regarding molecular characterization, 10 loci presented polymorphism, and the number of alleles per locus varied from two to seven. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) varied from 0.0767 to 0.7240. The loci GATS91 and PVat001 were highly informative and can be indicate for further studies involving the lima bean. The genetic diversity found (He = 0.316) was higher than that reported in the Yucatán Peninsula, a region indicated as a center of diversity for lima bean. Thus, the agro-morphological and molecular characterization were efficient in quantifying the genetic divergence between the studied accessions. The data found in this research provide a valuable resource for geneticists to subsidize breeding programs involving the lima bean.

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Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051281 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 254-255

Author(s):

B. L. Soloff ◽

T. A. Rado

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Stationary Phase ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Minimal Medium ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽

Complete Lysis ◽

Lysogenic Culture ◽

Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

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Morphological Characterization of Rhinacanthus Species of Sri Lanka

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0030-1251769 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 76 (05) ◽

Author(s):

APPR Amarasinghe ◽

RP Karunagoda ◽

DSA Wijesundara

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Morphological Characterization

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Density and morphological characterization of bacteria in integrated and exclusive production systems

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/13920201194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

A. R. B. Zanco ◽

A. Ferreira ◽

G. C. M. Berber ◽

E. N. Gonzaga ◽

D. C. C. Sabino

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Production Systems ◽

Cropping System ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Native Forest ◽

Exclusive Production ◽

Colony Forming Units

The different integrated production systems can directly interfere with its bacterial community. The present study aimed to assess density, bacterial diversity and the influence of dry and rainy season in different integrated and an exclusive production system. The fallow and a native forest area was assessed to. Samples were collected in 2012 March and September. The isolation were carried out into Petri dishes containing DYGS medium. The number of colony forming units (CFU) was counted after 48 hours and. The bacterial density ranged between 106 and 107 CFU g-1 soil. The crop system affected the dynamics of the bacterial community only in the rainy season. The rainy season showed greater density of total bacteria when compared to the dry period regardless of the cropping system. The dendrograms with 80 % similarity showed thirteen and fourteen groups in the rainy and dry seasons. Isolates with the capacity to solubilize phosphate in vitro were obtained from all areas in the two seasons, but this feature has been prevalent in bacteria isolated during the rainy season

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Characterization of Antibacterial-Producing Endophytic Fungi of Syzygiumpolyanthum Leaves

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526519666181226123541 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 448-454

Author(s):

Rahmita Burhamzah ◽

Gemini Alam ◽

Herlina Rante

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Test Method ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Nitrogen Base ◽

Rdna Genes ◽

Antibacterial Screening ◽

Planting Method

Background: Endophytic fungi live in plants’ tissue and can produce the same bioactive compounds as its host plant produces. Syzygiumpolyanthum leaves have known to be one of the antibacterial compound producers. Aim and Objective: This study aimed to characterize morphologically, microscopically, and molecularly the antibacterial-producing endophytic fungi of Syzygiumpolyanthum leaves. Methods: The isolation of endophytic fungi was done by fragment planting method on PDA medium. The antibacterial screening was performed using the antagonistic test as the first screening followed by the disc diffusion test method. The morphological characterization was based on isolate’s mycelia color, growth pattern, margin, and surface texture of the colony, while the microscopic characterization was based on its hyphae characteristics. The molecular characterization of the isolate was done by nitrogen base sequence analysis method on nucleotide constituent of ITS rDNA genes of the isolate. Results: The results found that isolate DF1 has antibacterial activity against E.coli, S.aureus, P.acne, and P.aeruginosa, with the greatest inhibition at 10% concentration of broth fermentation extract on S.aureus with a diameter of inhibition of 13.77 mm. Conclusion: Based on macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular characterization, DF1 isolate is similar to Ceriporialacerate.

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Microscopic Image Segmentation and Morphological Characterization of Novel Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle/Nisin Films Using Antimicrobial Technique for Blueberry Preservation

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes11050303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 303

Author(s):

Rokayya Sami ◽

Schahrazad Soltane ◽

Mahmoud Helal

Keyword(s):

Ph Value ◽

Silica Nanoparticle ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Aerobic Bacteria ◽

Nano Materials ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Stable Suspension ◽

Average Size ◽

Material Ductility

In the current work, the characterization of novel chitosan/silica nanoparticle/nisin films with the addition of nisin as an antimicrobial technique for blueberry preservation during storage is investigated. Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle/N (CH-SN-N) films presented a stable suspension as the surface loads (45.9 mV) and the distribution was considered broad (0.62). The result shows that the pH value was increased gradually with the addition of nisin to 4.12, while the turbidity was the highest at 0.39. The content of the insoluble matter and contact angle were the highest for the Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle (CH-SN) film at 5.68%. The use of nano-materials in chitosan films decreased the material ductility, reduced the tensile strength and elongation-at-break of the membrane. The coated blueberries with Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle/N films reported the lowest microbial contamination counts at 2.82 log CFU/g followed by Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle at 3.73 and 3.58 log CFU/g for the aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts population, respectively. It was observed that (CH) film extracted 94 regions with an average size of 449.10, at the same time (CH-SN) film extracted 169 regions with an average size of 130.53. The (CH-SN-N) film presented the best result at 5.19%. It could be observed that the size of the total region of the fruit for the (CH) case was the smallest (1663 pixels), which implied that the fruit lost moisture content. As a conclusion, (CH-SN-N) film is recommended for blueberry preservation to prolong the shelf-life during storage.

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