scholarly journals The Structure of Basic Level Categories in the Ukrainians Consciousness According to The Results of Psycholinguistic Experiments: PARKAN and MUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marharyta Zhujkova ◽  
Liliia Lavrynovych ◽  
Olha Svidzynska
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Verbal Description ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Perceptual Features ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
And Function ◽  
Basic Level

The aim of this research is to identify experimentally the structure (primarily the central zone) of two basic level categories in the Ukrainian speakers minds: PARKAN and MUR. To rich such an aim, two psycholinguistic experiments were developed and conducted. Within the first experiment the respondents were asked to determine whether the object on the picture belongs to the category PARKAN. Within the second one they were asked to determine whether the object on the picture belongs to the category MUR. For each experiment 75 images of the objects with similar functions and perceptual features were selected. The respondents had to choose integers 1-2-3 under the image, where 3 means that the object enters into the category, and 1 means that the object doesn't enter into the category. In the options of responses there was the possibility of partial and complete discrepancy between the word that names the category and the image. The total number of completed Google forms is 846, the total number of the received responses - 12690. The second experiment also took into account the estimates of the respondents from the control group which included 18 historians, architects and restorers. The scaling method was used to process the results: each object received an average score which determined its place in the structure of the category. The central zone of both categories includes objects with a score of 2.75 and higher. By analyzing the perceptual and functional features of the objects of the central zone we have formed a verbal description of the prototypes of the categories PARKAN and MUR. During the processing of experimental data there were found the differences in the principles of formation of the central zones of categories. This is related to the role of these objects in the modern anthropogenic landscape. The assignment of a certain artifact to the category PARKAN is influenced by two factors: perceptual features and function that a person derives from external features due to his/her background knowledge. When categorizing an object as a typical MUR not only perceptual features and function are important, but also information that goes beyond current knowledge about the world, namely knowledge about the status and functions of reality in the past. It is believed that information about the cultural and historical role of reality occupies an important place in the structure of the concept but our research has shown that such knowledge can affect the content and structure of not only concepts but also categories of consciousness.

Role of adult input in young children's category evolution: II an experimental study

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rae L. Banigan ◽  
Carolyn B. Mervis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Verbal Description ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
Object A ◽  
Basic Level

ABSTRACTYoung children's initial categories often are not identical to the adult category labelled by the same word. Eventually, children's categories must evolve to correspond to the adult standard. The purpose of this study was to consider the relative effectiveness of four input strategies in inducing the child to learn the adult-appropriate label and begin to form a new category. Fifty-six children aged 2;0 were taught new labels for objects that they included in categories labelled by different names. Comprehension and production post-tests were then administered. As expected, the most effective strategy involved labelling an object and providing both a physical demonstration and a verbal description of important attributes that made the object a member of the adult-appropriate category. The label plus physical demonstration strategy was next most effective. Neither the label plus verbal description strategy nor the label only strategy was effective for children of this age. Results also indicated that these 24 month olds did not yet honour the convention of mutual exclusivity of basic level categories.

scholarly journals Axiology of Judicial Application of Enforcement Law: View on the Bailiff’s Discretion

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Piotr Szczekocki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Clause ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Function

<p class="Standard">In the article, the author focused on three theoretical and philosophical issues of the judicial enforcement law in Poland, connected with the new enforcement acts which entered into force on 1 January 2019. First, the judicial enforcement proceedings were presented as an element of the law application process. The axiological dimension of this law, the place and function of a court bailiff in the law application process and the introduction of general clauses, combined with the basic values of the court enforcement law in the form of efficiency, effectiveness and reliability, form the new picture of the judicial enforcement law. Secondly, the problem of a general clause as a “carrier” of extralegal criteria was discussed, which takes an important place in the process of enforcement law application in the new bailiff’s law. There is the special role of the “public interest” and the “interest of justice” clauses as normative constructions introduced by the legislator to judicial enforcement. Thirdly, an attempt was made to answer the question about the presence and possible limits of discretion (free decision-making) of a court bailiff in the surrounding of the new axiology of enforcement law, and especially the formulation of this issue in the process of operative interpretation of law by a court bailiff.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of ABCB1gene Polymorphic Variants on Psychiatric Disorders Predisposition in Macedonian Population

PRILOZI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Zorica Naumovska ◽  
Aleksandra K. Nestorovska ◽  
Zoran Sterjev ◽  
Ana Filipce ◽  
Aleksandra Grozdanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microglia Cell ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Function

Abstract The psychiatric and other CNS disorders are characterized with unregulated neuro-inflammatory processes and chronic microglia cell activation resulting with detrimental effect. ABCB1gene polymorphismsC1236T, G2677T/Aand C3435T are associated with P-glycoprotein expression and function andare linked with predisposition to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The relationship between mood disorders and glucocorticoids has been confirmed and ABCB1 SNPs influence the glucocorticoids access to the brain. The aim of the study is evaluation of the influence of the three most common ABCB1SNPs on predisposition to psychiatric disorders in Macedonian population. In the study 107 unrelated healthy Macedonians of both sexes were enrolled as a control group and patient population of 54 patients (22 to 65 years old) diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. ABCB1 for three polymorphisms were analyzed by Real-Time PCR in both groups. The results have confirmed the role of the ABCB1 gene in predisposition to psychiatric disorders and increased risk of developing bipolar disorder in carriers of the heterozygotes and mutant homozygotes for polymorphic variations in 1236 and 2677 in comparison to the normal genotype carriers. Three-fold higher risk was estimated for psychiatric illness in women that are 1236 and 2677 heterozygous carrier (heterozygous and mutant homozygous) compared to healthy control (men and women) population and four-fold higher risk in comparison only to healthy women population. Mutant allele carriers for 1236 and 2677 polymorphisms that are 35 years and below in patients population have almost three-fold higher risk for development of psychiatric illness.

scholarly journals Recent Advances on the Structure and Function of RNA Acetyltransferase Kre33/NAT10

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Sleiman ◽  
Francois Dragon
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
40S Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
And Function ◽  
Progeria Syndrome ◽  
Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome ◽  
Nucleolar Rna

Ribosome biogenesis is one of the most energy demanding processes in the cell. In eukaryotes, the main steps of this process occur in the nucleolus and include pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing, post-transcriptional modifications, and assembly of many non-ribosomal factors and ribosomal proteins in order to form mature and functional ribosomes. In yeast and humans, the nucleolar RNA acetyltransferase Kre33/NAT10 participates in different maturation events, such as acetylation and processing of 18S rRNA, and assembly of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Here, we review the structural and functional features of Kre33/NAT10 RNA acetyltransferase, and we underscore the importance of this enzyme in ribosome biogenesis, as well as in acetylation of non-ribosomal targets. We also report on the role of human NAT10 in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome.

scholarly journals Toxic Effect Induced by Cadmium on Some Reproductive Parameters and the Therapeutic Role of Leaves of Lemon Verbena: الأثر السمّي المستحدث بعنصر الكادميوم على بعض المعايير التكاثرية والدور العلاجي لأوراق نبات المليسة

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-1
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amer Salaho, Mahmoud Kassem Mohammad Amer Salaho, Mahmoud Kassem
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Cadmium Treatment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lemon Verbena

This study was conducted on 28 male Syrian hamsters, and the aim was to confirm the toxic effects of cadmium on the structure and function of the male reproductive system and to test the effectiveness of the alcoholic extract of the lemon verbena plant in the therapeutic of cadmium toxicity. The results of the study showed the negative effect of cadmium on some reproductive parameters of male Syrian Hamster, where treatment with cadmium (5mg/kg/day) reduced GSI% values ​​for both testis and epididymis, lowered the values ​​of testicular dimensions, testosterone concentration and some physiological parameters of the tail of the epididymis sperm and some histological measurements for testes, numbers of spermatogenesis cells, Sertoli and Leydig, cadmium treatment caused histological disorders in the testicles, compared to the control group. Dosing male hamsters with lemon verbena leaf extract at two concentrations (250,500mg/kg/day) did not lead to a clear improvement compared to the cadmium group.

scholarly journals Serum complement proteomics reveal biomarkers for hypertension disorder of pregnancy and the potential role of Clusterin

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshui Zeng ◽  
Mengru Han ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Yanwei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Label Free ◽  
High Risk Factor ◽  
Screening Efficiency ◽  
And Function ◽  
Independent Cohort

Abstract Introduction Hypertension disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is one of the leading causes of maternal and foetal illness. The aim of the current study was to identify and verify novel serum markers for HDP. Methods A label-free LC-MS/MS method was used to establish the serum proteomic profiles of 12 pre-HDP (before clinical diagnosis of HDP) pregnancies and verify prioritized candidates in the verification set of 48 pre-HDP pregnancies. These biomarkers were revalidated by ELISA in an independent cohort of 88 pre-HDP pregnancies. Subsequently, the candidate biomarkers were histologically analysed by immunohistochemistry, and function was evaluated in TEV-1 cells. Results We identified 33 proteins with significantly increased abundance and 14 with decreased abundance (peptide FDR ≤ 1%, P < 0.05). Complement was one of the top enriched components in the pre-HDP group compared with the control group. Three complement factors (CLU, CFHR5, and CRP) were significantly increased in the three sets, of which CLU was a critical factor for the development of HDP (OR = 1.22, P < 0.001). When these three factors and body weight were combined, the AUC was 0.74, with a sensitivity of 0.67 and specificity of 0.68 for HDP prediction compared with normal pregnancy. In addition, inflammation-induced CLU could inhibit the invasion of TEV-1 cells. Conclusions Complement proteins may play an essential role in the occurrence of HDP by acting on trophoblast cells. CLU may be a high-risk factor for HDP, and the models combining candidates show reasonable screening efficiency of HDP in the first half of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Role Of The PCSF Scale For Patients With Postcovid Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Daminov B.T. ◽  
◽  
Muminov D.K. ◽  
Davron Kadirovich Muminov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Previous Infection

Purpose of the study. Estimate the functional status of patients using the PCFS (Post-COVID-19 Functional Status) scale. Material and research methods. There were 281 patients under observation, with the presence of clinical manifestations of post covid-19 syndrome. As a control group (CG), 20 patients who had undergone COVID-19 and whose disease ended in full recovery were examined. The assessment of the functional status of patients after suffering COVID-19 was carried out using the PCFS method - Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (https://osf.io/qgpdv/). Research results. In the main group of patients, the average score of the questionnaire was 13.34 ± 0.83 points. Patients who have identified a violation of their functional status at 1 point were 13 patients (4.63%), at 2 points - 90 people (32.03%), at 3 points - 117 people (41.64%), at 4 points - 61 people. (21.71%). In the control group, the patients assessed violations of their functional status at 0 points. The number of patients with extremely severe, severe and moderately severe COVID-19 was significantly higher in the main group than in the control group (30.61% versus 20%, 35.94% versus 30%, 33.45 versus 30%, respectively) In the main group of patients, the average number of background diseases was significantly higher than in the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion. Patients with post covid syndrome have a higher score on the functional status scale (PCFS). Among the patients who scored 3 and 4 points on the PCFS test (significant limitation of daily activity due to symptoms associated with the previous infection and the need for help in self-care), there were more patients with a severe course of COVID-19 and background cardiovascular pathology and obesity.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN FACILITATES THE HEALING OF GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE DEFECT: A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ANIMAL MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Dwikora Novembri Utomo ◽  
Kukuh Dwiputra Hernugrahanto
Keyword(s):  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Muscle Defect ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function ◽  
New Generation

Background: Scar formation has been a classical issue in the healing of skeletal muscle defect which will results in decrease of strength and function. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been studied to enhance the healing of muscle defect. The disadvantages of it include the risk of immunologic reaction, time-consuming preparation, and lack of scaffold element. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a new generation of platelet concentrate that provides good source of growth factors and scaffold element necessary for the healing. This study is to provide a fondation of PRF preparation and implantation for the healing of experimental defect of gastrocnemius muscle in an animal model.Purpose: The goal is to provide a fondation of PRF preparation and implantation for the healing of experimental defect of gastrocnemius muscle in an animal model.Methods: Animal Care and Use Committee, Airlangga University approved the study. Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups. In control group, a defect was created in the right gastrocnemius and no implantation was done. In study group, similar defect was created with implantation of PRF. Two and four weeks after surgery, the defect was examined immunohistochemically for the expression of Pax7 protein.Results: The implanted group showed higher IRS score in two and four weeks compared to the control group.Conclusion: The use of PRF facilitates the healing of muscle injury. This study will be used as a fondation for further study on PRF.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using instructional computerized software on Educational Achievement in the Computer Skills Course for Students with Special Needs (Deaf and Mute) in Primary Stage in Jerash Governorate, Jordan and Their Attitudes towards it: أثر إستخدام البرمجية التعليمية على التحصيل الدراسي في مقرر مهارات الحاسوب لدى الطلاب ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة (الصم والبكم) المرحلة الإبتدائية في محافظة جرش بالأردن واتجاهاتهم نحوه

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Mustafa Al Atoum - Mokhtar Othman Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Students With Special Needs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basic Level

Instructional computerized software, deafs, mutes students in Primary Schools The study aimed to prepare, design and produce an instructional computerized software to the deafs and mutes students in the primary schools, the study aimed also to identify the impact of using instructional computerized software on checking homework lessons and remaining of the impact of learning and attitudes among deafs and mutes students in the basic level in subject of PC’s skills. The researchers had developed a study unit through programming PowerPoint PC program to the 1st level. Also he conducted a Pro & Pre Test then analyzed the study contents through designed a questionnaire to measure the role of PC and using PC Software and its impact on processes of learning and education among deafs and mutes students.   The study conducted during the year (2012 – 2013) on deafs and mutes students at basic level withing the centers of Jerash for the special needs, the researcher followed the descriptive and analytical approach in additional to the experimental approach, the community sample consists of dump and deaf students at the basic level within the center of  Jerash for the special needs, the total numbers of community sample were 120 students, among them (50) students of basic level were selected as a study sample and divided into two groups : one of them is experimental and the other is a control group.   The study showed that there is a statistically significant at the level of ( P <0.05) to use PC in upgrading the ability of checking lessons of dump and deaf students at the basic level.  The researcher recommended for providing a tutorial software in all instiututes and programs of those with special needs with full concentration on providing the modern tools that considered the easiness of using and effectiveness of performance, in addition to necesscity of training to the teachers who teaching students with special needs on using these tutorial software besides, providing a technology specialist to teach those with special needs in every institute. 

scholarly journals Cell therapy as a new approach on hepatic fibrosis of murine model of Schistosoma mansoni infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. ALsulami Muslimah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
And Function

AbstractSchistosomiasis is an acute and chronic disease caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosomiasis is disease that are prevalent in or unique to tropical and subtropical regions. Previous studies have shown that the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) therapy in improvement of hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the therapeutic role of BMSCs in murine schistosomiasis mansoni. BMSCs derived male mice were intraperitoneal injected into female mice that received S. mansoni cercariae through subcutaneous route. Mice were divided into four groups: negative control group (noninfected non treated); positive control group (infected non treated); BMSCs treated group; and untreated group. Liver histopathology and immunohistochemically were evaluated. BMSC intraperitoneal injection resulted in a significant reduction in liver collagen, granuloma size, and significant increase in OV-6 expression in the Schistosomiasis treated mice group. There was overall improvement of the pathological changes of the liver. The findings support that BMSCs has a regenerative potential in the histopathology and function of the liver tissue by decreasing liver fibrosis.

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