scholarly journals Polémicas sobre una memoria ornitológica premiada y publicada por la Real Academia de Ciencias de Madrid (1882-1887)

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-101
Author(s):  
Manuel Garrido Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Real Academia ◽  
A Current

Resumen La Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales de Madrid premió la obra Aves de España. (Un dato más), presentada a concurso público correspondiente al año 1882. Escrita por José Arévalo Baca, el ornitólogo español del siglo XIX más reconocido a escala europea, catedrático desde 1877 en la Universidad de Valencia. En el proceso de revisión, la Sección de Ciencias Naturales de la Academia, evaluadora de la Memoria, indicó en su informe que el autor se había aprovechado de los trabajos inéditos de dos profesores ya fallecidos de Málaga y Valencia, sin citarlos: Higinio Aragoncillo del Villar y Rafael Cisternas Fontseré. Conclusiones que fueron refutadas por Arévalo con argumentaciones y datos inéditos que aportamos en este trabajo, pero que no impedirían que tras la publicación de su memoria ornitológica (1887), fuera en diversas ocasiones ninguneada en las dos acepciones del vocablo. Analizamos también distintos posicionamientos adoptados por miembros del colectivo científico decimonónico en relación a esa monografía y a su autor, finalizando con la valoración de la misma. Abstra ct The Royal Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences of Madrid awarded the work titled Aves de España. (Un dato más), submitted it to public tender in 1882. The report was written by José Arévalo Baca, the 19th century Spanish ornithologist most recognized on a European scale and Head Professor at the University of Valencia since 1877. During the review process, the Natural Sciences Section of the Academy, referee of the Memory, indicated that the author had used the unpublished works of two professors from Malaga and Valencia, both deceased, without citing their names: Higinio Aragoncillo del Villar y Rafael Cisternas Fontseré. These criticisms were refuted by Arévalo with arguments and unpublished data that show here. However, in spite of his defense, Arévalo’s ornithological memory published in (1887) was, in several occasions willfully ignored. Likewise, we analyze stance of members of the 19th century scientific collective towards Arévalo’s monograph and Arévalo himself. We finish our study with a current, assessment of the Arévalo’s work.

scholarly journals La revisión de arcaísmos en el DRAE en la primera mitad del siglo XIX = A review of archaisms in the DRAE (1800-1850).

2018 ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Enrique Jiménez Ríos
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Linguistic Evolution ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Real Academia

<p>Este artículo aborda la revisión del <em>Diccionario </em>de la Real Academia Española fijando la atención en el léxico arcaico. Se parte de él por la importancia que siempre ha tenido en el diccionario. Para ello se examinan las ediciones de la primera mitad del siglo XIX porque en ellas, como reflejan los prólogos, se produce la mayor adición y supresión de arcaísmos de toda la historia del diccionario. El examen cuantitativo y cualitativo permite conocer la postura de la corporación en el tratamiento de estas voces, la cual responde a la aplicación de criterios de técnica lexicográfica más que a la consideración de estas palabras como testimonio de la evolución y el cambio lingüísticos.</p><p>The article broaches the revision of the Dictionary of the Spanish Royal Academy, fixing the attention in the archaic lexicon. The editions of the first half of the 19th century are examined; in them happens the greatest addition and abolition of archaisms of all the history of the dictionary. It is concluded that the treatment of these voices responds to the implementation of criterions of lexicographical technique rather than to the verification of linguistic evolution and change.<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Descubrimientos y exhibición de momias guanches en la primera mitad del siglo xix. Museos europeos (Montpellier, Göttingen, San Petesburgo, Ginebra) y gabinetes científicos insulares de Saviñón y Megliorini

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-160
Author(s):  
Alfredo Mederos Martín ◽  
◽  
Gabriel Escribano Cobo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century

The exhibition of two mummies in the Natural History cabinet in Paris aroused the interest of various scientific expeditions that made a stopover in Tenerife in the first half of the 19th century. Nicolas Baudin’s expedition in 1800 coincided with the discovery of a cave with mummies in El Sauzal and three ended up in the university museums of Montpellier and Göttingen and one in the cabinet of Saviñón. Another mummy was given to von Krusenstern’s Russian expedition of 1803, currently in the museum of Saint Petersburg. A new cave with mummies was discovered ca. 1815 in Tacoronte, which ended up in the scientific cabinet of Megliorini. Another mummy located in Valleseco, Santa Cruz, around 1823, was sold in Puerto de la Cruz to a Swiss merchant for the Geneva museum.

scholarly journals A escravidão e o acesso à terra nas concepções de Luís Antônio de Oliveira Mendes (1792-1821)

Afro-Ásia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Roberto De Mello Pereira
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
The University ◽  
Intellectual Formation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

<p>O presente artigo explora o ideário de Luís Antônio de Oliveira Mendes sobre um conjunto de temas referentes à escravidão e ao regime fundiário na transição do século XVIII para o XIX: o controle da crueldade dos senhores de escravos; a condenação da escravidão perpétua; e a distribuição de terras baldias entre libertos e outros despossuídos. Para entender esse ideário foi preciso compreender e localizar historicamente a origem familiar e o universo da formação intelectual de Oliveira Mendes, da qual fez parte a Universidade de Coimbra e a Academia Real das Ciências de Lisboa.</p><p>Slavery and access to land in Luís Antônio de Oliveira Mendes’ views (1792-1821)</p><p>This article explores Luís Antônio de Oliveira Mendes’ ideas about themes related to slavery and the land ownership regime at the turn of the 19th century: the control of the cruelty of slaveholders; the condemnation of perpetual slavery; and the distribution of unoccupied land to freed and other dispossessed people. In understanding Oliveira Mendes’ ideas, it is necessary to comprehend and historically locate his family origin and of the intellectual formation of Oliveira Mendes, which included the University of Coimbra and the Royal Academy of Sciences in Lisbon.</p><p>Slavery | Anti-slavery | Land distribution | Luso-Brazilian intellectuals</p>

scholarly journals Don Quijote en manos de Goya

2017 ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Jesús Pérez-Magallón
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Don Quixote ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Don Quijote ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

RESUMENEste ensayo explora las dos intervenciones de Goya en el mundo de Don Quijote: el grabado que le solicitó la Academia para su magnífica edición de 1780 —que nunca fue publicado— y el dibujo que hizo Goya en la última página de uno de sus cuadernos (el álbum F), dibujo que hoy se encuentra en el British Museum, pero que fue copiado y grabado por Bracquemond hacia mediados del siglo XIX. El ensayo se inicia con una visita a la biografía del pintor y se detiene en algunos aspectos tal vez conflictivos de la misma, para pasar después a la presentación y análisis de los grabados con el objetivo de proporcionar alguna explicación de sus diferentes avatares y de sus cuestionables aportaciones.PALABRAS CLAVEFrancisco de Goya, Don Quijote, grabados, dibujos, Cervantes, recepción, iconografía. TITLEDon Quixote in Goya's handsABSTRACTThis paper explores two Goya’s images on Don Quixote: first, the drawing requested by the Spanish Royal Academy for the 1780 edition of the novel, etched by Frabregat that was never published. Second, a drawing on the last page of his album F. The original is held at the British Museum, though it was copied and etched by Bracquemond in the 19th century. My paper revisits Goya’s biography and particularly his inclusion among the afrancesados, a conflicting topic about his life. Then I analyze both images in order to provide some explanation on their significance and transcendence.KEY WORDSFrancisco de Goya, Don Quixote, etchings, drawing, Cervantes, reception, iconography.

scholarly journals Gregorio Chil y Naranjo. Aproximación biobibliográfica y su relación con la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Mari Carmen Naranjo Santana
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historia Natural ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

Resumen Las biobibliografías recopilan datos personales, profesionales y académicos de una persona que, por su trayectoria profesional, ha destacado en alguna de las áreas del saber. Si hay un protagonista relevante en la historia del conocimiento en Canarias es el médico Gregorio Chil y Naranjo, figura del siglo XIX destacada por sus aportaciones en campos tan diversos como la historia, la antropología, las ciencias médicas y naturales,… y por su proyección internacional. Dada su trascendencia estas páginas recogen una revisión bibliográfica de los textos escritos por y sobre el doctor Chil, completándola con una breve descripción de su biografía en la que se aportan nuevos datos como es el caso de su relación en la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural durante ocho años. Abstract The Biobibliographies collect personal, professional and academic data from a person who, due to his professional career, has excelled in some of the areas of knowledge. If there is a relevant protagonist in the history of knowledge in the Canary Islands, it is the doctor Gregorio Chil y Naranjo, a figure of the 19th century distinguished by his contributions in fields as diverse as history, anthropology, medical and natural sciences, ... and by his projection international. Given its importance, these pages include a bibliographic review of the texts written by and about Dr. Chil, completing in which new data is provided, as is the case of his relationship with the Spanish Society of Natural History for eight years.

scholarly journals Avatares de una visita que no fue: Enrico Ferriy la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba a principios del siglo XX = The Vicissitudes of a Failed visit: Enrico Ferriand the National University of Cordoba at the Beginning of the 20th Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
María Belén Portelli
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
National University ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Siglo Xx

Resumen: Este artículo se propone reconstruir y analizar las circunstancias conflictivas desarrolladas en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina) en torno a la potencial visita del criminólogo y socialista italiano Enrico Ferri en 1910. El episodio brinda la posibilidad de captar un entramado de actores, ideas y representaciones vigentes en la época en la casa de altos estudios cordobesa. En consecuencia, su análisis permite avanzar en la comprensión de las transformaciones culturales experimentadas por la universidad en el giro del siglo XIX al XX.Palabras clave: Argentina, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Enrico Ferri, visitas culturales, derecho.Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze the conflictive circumstances that took place in the National University of Cordoba (Argentina) around the potential visit of the italian socialist and criminologist Enrico Ferri in 1910. The episode allows us to perceive a set of actors, ideas and representations in force at that time. Consequently, it contributes to advance in the understanding of the cultural transformations that developed at the university during the transition from the 19th century to the 20th century.Keywords: Argentina, National University of Cordoba, Enrico Ferri, cultural visits, law.

Funding and Directing Research or Rewarding Scientific Achievements?

Nuncius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice Bret
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Académie Des Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Achievements

Abstract This study examines the science and technology prize system of the Académie des Sciences through a first survey of the prizes granted over the period extending from the 1720s to the end of the 19th century. No reward policy was envisaged by the Royal Academy of Sciences in the Réglement (statute) promulgated by King Louis XIV in 1699. Prizes were proposed later, first by private donors and then by the state, and awarded in international contests setting out specific scientific or technical problems for savants, inventors and artists to solve. Using cash prizes, under the Ancien Régime the Academy effectively directed and funded research for specific purposes set by donors. By providing it with significant extra funding, the donor-sponsored prizes progressively gave the Academy relative autonomy from the political power of the state. In the 19th century, with the growing awareness of the importance of scientific research, the main question became whether to use the prizes to reward past achievements or to incentivize future research, and the scale and nature of the prizes changed.

IL CARTEGGIO DEL FONDO SIACCI DELLA BIBLIOTECA DEL DIPARTIMENTO DI MATEMATICA RENATO CACCIOPPOLI: DELL'UNIVERSIT FEDERICO II DI NAPOLI

Nuncius ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-446
Author(s):  
ROMANO GATTO ◽  
LUCIANO CARBONE
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title We present here the letters of the "Fondo Siacci" which was found recently while reorganising some papers from the old seat of the library at the Department of Mathematics "Renato Caccioppoli" of the University "Federico II" of Naples, in Via Mezzocannone 8. Grancing at these letters we discovered their interest to reconstruct various historical events of italian mathematics life in the 2nd half of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Un paisaje sacralizado por grabados rupestres protohistóricos e históricos en las hoces del río Mesa (Calmarza, Zaragoza) = A Sacralized Landscape by Protohistoric and Historical Rock Engravings in the Gorges of the River Mesa (Calmarza, Zaragoza)

2020 ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
José Ignacio Royo Guillén ◽  
Francisco José Navarro Cabeza ◽  
Serafín Benedí Monge
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
The Third ◽  
Christian Iconography ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
The 19Th Century

Los estudios sobre grabados rupestres al aire libre de cronología postpaleolítica, adolecen de importantes carencias que, en el valle medio del Ebro, se han visto superadas con la llegada del tercer milenio. Con la presentación de este trabajo se pretende dar a conocer un nuevo núcleo de grabados rupestres, localizado en el extremo suroeste de la provincia de Zaragoza, en las gargantas calcáreas del río Mesa. Entre los nuevos enclaves rupestres, destacan los abrigos con grabados protohistóricos, pero muy especialmente los de cronología medieval andalusí y los de iconografía cristiana entre los siglos XIV y XVIII, con perduraciones hasta mediados del siglo XIX y algunas escenas relacionadas con la primera Guerra Carlista en Aragón. La distribución de los hallazgos, su tipología e iconografía y los restos arqueológicos asociados, permiten documentar una importante ocupación del territorio desde la Iª Edad del Hierro y la sacralización del paisaje a través del arte rupestre, con pervivencias que se perpetúan a lo largo de la Edad Media y Moderna, destacando como novedad la presencia de un importante conjunto de inscripciones epigráficas islámicas que deben situarse entre los siglos XI y XII. AbstractThe studies on open-air rock engravings in post-Paleolithic chronology suffer from important deficiencies, which in the middle valley of the Ebro, have been overcome with the arrival of the third millennium.With the presentation of this work, the aim is to make known a new nucleus of rock engravings, located in the extreme southwest of the province of Zaragoza, in the limestone gorges of the River Mesa. Among the new rock engravings, the shelters with protohistoric engravings stand out, but especially those with a medieval Andalusian chronology and those with Christian iconography between the 14th and 18th centuries, which lasted until the middle of the 19th century and some scenes related to the first Carlist War in Aragon. The distribution of the findings, their typology and iconography and the associated archaeological remains, allow us to document an important occupation of the territory since the First Iron Age and the sacralization of the landscape through rock art, with survivals that are perpetuated throughout the Middle and Modern Ages, highlighting as a novelty the presence of an important set of Islamic epigraphic inscriptions that must be located between the 11th and 12th centuries.

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