scholarly journals Bahaya Kontaminasi Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) dalam Ikan Laut dan Upaya Pencegahan Kontaminasi pada Manusia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Izza Hananingtyas
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake

Produk pangan mentah terutama dari hasil laut memiliki tingkat pencemaran logam berat yang mengkhawatirkan akibat semakin banyaknya bahan pencemar yang masuk dalam lingkungan perairan Indonesia yang berasal dari pembuangan limbah industri di sepanjang wilayah pantai dapat menjadi sumber racun bagi kehidupan perairan. Adanya kandungan logam berat di perairan Laut Jawa, memungkinkan adanya kotaminasi pada ikan laut hasil Laut Jawa yang didistribusikan ke masyarakat. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah yang mengatur dan melindungi keamanan pangan yaitu PP Nomor 28 tahun 2004 tentang Keamanan, Mutu, dan Gizi Pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur kadar logam berat merkuri (Hg) pada hasil laut di Pantai Utara Jawa dan menjelaskan upaya pencegahan kontaminasi pada manusia. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Akumulasi logam berat di dalam tubuh manusia dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat mengganggu sistem peredaran darah, urat syaraf dan kerja ginjal. Kadar rata - rata logam berat merkuri (Hg) pada ikan tongkol (Euthynnus sp.) di Pantai Utara Jawa sebesar 0,141 mg/kg. Langkah pengendalian yang dapat diterapkan untuk mencegah bahaya logam berat Hg yaitu dengan pengendalian pencemaran limbah dari industri yang berlokasi disekitar wilayah perairan Laut Utara Jawa. Upaya pencegahan akumulasi kontaminasi logam berat Hg pada manusia yaitu mengatur konsumsi ikan laut setiap harinya dengan perhitungan ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) diperoleh hasil 0,168 μg/kg BB per minggu. Akan tetapi bila konsumsi ikan seseorang melebihi rata-rata konsumsi perhari, dan weekly intake-nya melebihi PTWI (provisional tolerable weekly intake) yang telah ditetapkan WHO, maka dapat berefek negatif pada kesehatan.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency Is Common in Ghana despite Abundance of Sunlight: A Multicentre Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Samuel Asamoah Sakyi ◽  
Maxwell Hubert Antwi ◽  
Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo ◽  
Edwin Ferguson Laing ◽  
Richard K. Dadzie Ephraim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone important for the normal functioning of the body. It is produced through skin exposure to sunlight and from the diet. Although Ghana is located in the tropics where sunlight is abundant, factors like culture, diet, skin pigmentation, variation in the ozone layer, and geographical area influence the optimization of vitamin D concentration. It is imperative to evaluate the interplay between sunshine exposure, proinflammatory cytokines, and mediators of vitamin D metabolism and their relationship to vitamin D status in three geographical sections among apparent healthy Ghanaians. Methods and Results. In a cross-sectional study, a total of five hundred (500) healthy blood donors from three geographical areas in Ghana were enrolled. Their age ranged from 17 to 55 years with a mean age of 27.97 ± 8.87 years. The overall prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency was 43.6% (218/500), with 41.2% (91/221), 45.3% (63/139), and 45.7% (64/140) of vitamin D deficiency being recorded in participants from the Northern Sector (NS), Middle Belt (MB), and Southern Sector (SS), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the proportions of vitamin D deficiency across various geographical sectors. The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were compared among geographical areas (NS, MB, and SS) and there were no significant differences ( P = 0.275 ) after adjusting for confounding factors. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D correlated positively with corrected ionized calcium (rs = 0.622, P ≤ 0.001 ) and phosphorus (rs = 0.299, P ≤ 0.001 ) and negatively correlated with SBP (rs = −0.092, P = 0.039 ), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (rs = −0.421, P ≤ 0.001 ), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (rs = −0.0568, rs ≤ 0.001), IFN-gamma (rs = −0.684, P ≤ 0.001 ), and TNF-alpha (rs = −0.600, P ≤ 0.001 ). After adjusting for possible confounders, not having knowledge about vitamin D foods, taking fewer vitamin D foods, and higher levels of IF-γ and IL-10 were associated with a higher risk of having vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion. The prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is high among the general adult population in Ghana despite the abundance of sunlight. Increasing knowledge on vitamin D diet coupled with a daily intake of vitamin D dietary supplements is likely to reduce the risk of developing 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency.

Elevation of Mercury in Human Blood from Controlled Chronic Ingestion of Methylmercury in Fish

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sherlock ◽  
J. Hislop ◽  
D. Newton ◽  
G. Topping ◽  
K. Whittle
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blood Mercury ◽  
Chronic Ingestion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mercury In Blood ◽  
Blood Mercury Concentration

1 The relationship between the intake of methylmercury in fish and mercury in blood has been investigated in man. 2 The intakes of methylmercury were carefully controlled and lay in the range 40 - 230 μg/day, the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake is equivalent to about 30 μg/day. 3 The results indicate that a daily intake of 1 μg methylmercury would, at equilibrium, produce a blood mercury concentration of 0.8 μg/kg. 4 There is a good close-to-linear correlation between methylmercury intake and blood mercury concentrations within the wide range of intakes employed.

scholarly journals Exposure assessment of the consumers living in Mount Lebanon directorate to antibiotics through medication and red meat intake: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1395-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Bou-Mitri ◽  
Paula Hage Boutros ◽  
Joelle Makhlouf ◽  
Maya Abou Jaoudeh ◽  
Najwa El Gerges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Residue Level

Background and Aim: The misuse and abuse of antibiotics by human and in animal production are leading to serious threats to global health. This study aimed to assess the dietary exposure of Lebanese consumers to antibiotic residues from the consumption of meat and compare it to that from medication intake. Materials and Methods: Beef samples (n=61) were collected and analyzed for penicillin residues using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography. A cross-sectional study recruited 500 participants living in Mount Lebanon, using an interviewer-based questionnaire. The dietary exposure assessment was calculated following the tiered assessment approach. Results: The results showed that only 44% of the participants reported using antibiotic on doctor's prescription. Participants with good antibiotic knowledge (6-7/7) are significantly less likely to change antibiotic during treatment and would better use them as compared to those with lower knowledge (p=0.000). Those with lower education and monthly household income are more likely to improperly use antibiotics as compared to those with higher education and income. Penicillin -containing antibiotics were among the most used medications. On the other hand, the prevalence of penicillin residues in the meat samples was 21.3%, though none was above the maximum residue level. The dietary exposure to penicillin through meat consumption was equivalent to 88.3%, 31.9%, and 5.7% of the acceptable daily intake, using Tier 1, 2, and 3 approaches, respectively. Males, single, obese participants, and those with household income below 999,000 Lebanese pound were significantly more exposed to penicillin as compared to other participants due to their high meat consumption. Conclusion: These findings will provide insight into designing future targeted awareness interventions and adapted policies as efforts toward improving rational use and intake of antibiotics for preventing the development of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Contribution of street food to dietary intake of habitual urban consumers: A cross-sectional study in Kampala city, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Wenceslaus Sseguya ◽  
Nicholas Matovu ◽  
Jessica Swann ◽  
Alizon Draper
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Kampala City ◽  
Habitual Intake

Background: Street food has continued to be a popular food source in the urban settings of developing countries and is proving to be a vital urban dietary source. However, its dietary contribution among urban populations is yet to be comprehensively understood. Aim: To assess how street food contributes to the dietary intake of habitual street food consumers. Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study among habitual street food consumers in Kampala city. We defined habitual intake as consumption of a serving of any street food for ≥2 days/week regardless of the food group and number of times it was consumed in a particular day. Questionnaires were used to capture quantitative data on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometry, 24-hour diet intake and 2-month street food consumption frequency. The Nutritics® diet analysis software version 4.3 and STATA version 13.0 were used for nutrient and statistical analyses respectively. Results: Street food contributed considerably to the daily intake of fat (49.1%), sodium (38.4%) and calcium (36.5%) and least towards the daily intake of vitamin A (11.3%). The majority of consumers opted for street food at breakfast (50%) whereas lunch and snacks featured the least for overall street food inclusion (all 20%). Overall, men demonstrated more dietary intake and inclusion at meals from street food than women. Conclusions: This study indicates a significant contribution of street food for urban consumers but men derive more benefit than women in terms of nutrient intake and inclusion of street food in meals.

scholarly journals POS1115 DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF THE PERCEPTIONS AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES OF POSTMENOPAUSAL TUNISIAN WOMEN REGARDING OSTEOPOROSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 837.2-837
Author(s):  
S. Ben Jemaa ◽  
Y. Mejdoub ◽  
H. Fourati ◽  
J. Damak ◽  
S. Baklouti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Belief Scale

Background:Due to their serious consequences affecting quality of life, prevention of osteoporosis is considered a priority. Thus, identifying the level of knowledge is useful in developing effective interventions and in guiding public health programs to prevent osteoporosis.Objectives:The aim of this study is to describe beliefs and practices of menopaused Tunisian women related to health and osteoporosis in order to develop effective and targeted interventions for the prevention of this disease.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among menopaused Tunisian women who consult the basic health center in the area of Sfax region in Tunisia. Data collection include socio-demographic characteristics, the “osteoporosis health belief scale” developed by Kim and his colleagues and the daily calcium intake which was calculated by a questionnaire developed by Patrice Fardellone.Results:We have included 170 women. The mean age was 58.92 ± 9.07 years. Seventy-seven percent of women were housewives, 14.7% were active and 8.3% were retired. Seventy-five percent were married. Forty-two women (24.7%) were illiterate, sixty-three (37.1%) were at primary level and 33.5% were at secondary level. One hundred twelve women (65.3%) live in an urban environment, against 34.7% who belong to a rural environment.The level of perception of osteoporosis was very altered in 22.9%, altered in 32.4% and moderately altered in 31.8% of women. Women’s perceptions of the benefits of physical exercise and calcium intake were moderately altered in 42.4% and 51.2%, respectively. For obstacles to the practice of physical exercise, the level of perception was altered in 43.5% of women. Regarding the obstacles to calcium intake, the perceptions of our population were altered in 32.9% of cases.The daily intakes of calcium vary from 215 to 1444 mg per day with an average of 620.20 ± 204.523 mg / day. Only eight women (4.7%) had sufficient daily intake.Conclusion:Our study showed that all subscale of the “osteoporosis health belief scale” were altered. Promotion programs should aim at creating a supportive physical and social environment for the adoption of safer behaviors and especially education must be targeted.References:[1]Belgacem, A. Nouira, et S. Soussi, « Les perceptions des femmes tunisiennes selon le modèle des croyances liées à la santé et leurs pratiques relativement à l’ostéoporose », Pan Afr Med J, vol. 23, 2016.[2]H. Ahmadieh, A. Basho, A. Chehade, A. Al Mallah, et A. Dakour, « Perception of peri-menopausal and postmenopausal Lebanese women on osteoporosis: A cross-sectional study », Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, vol. 14, p. 19-24, déc. 2018.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Relationship between Dietary Creatine and Growth Indicators in Children and Adolescents Aged 2–19 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
Darinka Korovljev ◽  
Valdemar Stajer ◽  
Sergej M. Ostojic
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tall Stature ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
Growth Indicators

A possible role of dietary creatine for ensuring proper growth and development remains unknown. The main aim of this cross-sectional study was to quantify the amount of creatine consumed through regular diet among U.S. children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years and investigate the relationship between creatine intake and growth indicators, using data from the 2001–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We included data for NHANES 2001–2002 respondents (4291 participants, 2133 boys and 2158 girls) aged 2 to 19 years at the time of screening, who provided valid dietary information and examination measures (standing height and weight). Individual values for total grams of creatine consumed per day for each participant were computed using the average amount of creatine (3.88 g/kg) across all sources of meat-based foods. All participants were categorized for height-for-age and BMI-for-age categories. The average daily intake of creatine across the whole sample was 1.07 ± 1.07 g (95% CI, from 1.04 to 1.10). Height, weight, and BMI were significantly different across creatine quartiles (p < 0.001), with all measures significantly higher in the 4th quartile of creatine intake (≥1.5 g/day) than those in other quartiles (p < 0.05). The participants from the 3rd quartile of creatine intake (0.84–1.49 g/day) were significantly different from others with respect to having lower rates of normal stature and higher rates of tall stature (p < 0.05). Each additional 0.1 g of creatine consumed per day increases height by 0.60 cm (simple model) or 0.30 cm (adjusted model). The daily intake of creatine from a regular diet in taller children and adolescents was higher than in shorter peers aged 2–19 years. Future research has to monitor temporal changes in growth and dietary creatine and validate our findings in interventional studies across pediatric populations.

Consumption situation of Chinese medicine in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Xu ◽  
Heng Zhou ◽  
Qing Hu ◽  
Yin Zhu ◽  
Qiang Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Annual Consumption ◽  
Consumption Situation

Abstract Background This cross-sectional study aimed to construct a database of Chinese medicine consumption, including the annual intake, the number of days of intake, and the daily intake of Chinese medicine, which is helpful for risk assessment and understanding of consumer trends.Methods About 40 million rows of data used in this study were derived from the hospitals in Shanghai, which contains the prescription number, the name of consumers, the date of the dispensing, the name of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), dosage, and the number of days taken. All data were stored in a MySQL database. R language was used as the main tool for statistical analysis and graphical work.Results The result shows the annual consumption, annual consumption days, and average daily consumption of 20 types of common TCMs and all TCMs consumed. The result shows Astragali radix, Coicis semen, and Danshen are the top three of consumption among the selected Chinese medicines. An easy-to-use software called the Chinese medicine consumption database (CMCD) was designed to search and download consumption data. It is built using the Shiny package in the R, is free to access on any device with an internet browser, and requires no programming knowledge to be used.Conclusions A Chinese medicine consumption database was constructed, which included the consumption situation of 20 types of common TCMs and all TCMs consumed. This database plays a pivotal role in the risk assessment of the pollutants in TCMs and the prediction of the consumption trend of TCMs.

scholarly journals The Association between Purine-Rich Food Intake and Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Adult Residents

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3835
Author(s):  
Sumiya Aihemaitijiang ◽  
Yaqin Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Jiao Yang ◽  
Chen Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Rich Food

Objective: To explore the correlation between purine-rich food intake and hyperuricemia in Chinese adult residents. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the purine-rich food intake of Chinese adult residents based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2009. The subjects were divided into hyperuricemia group and nonhyperuricemia group according to serum uric acid level, and the differences of the sociodemographic information (age, gender, and region), health status (weight status, blood pressure, blood sugar status), living habits (alcohol consumption, smoking status) and food intake (purine-rich food, other food) were compared between the two groups. Logistic regressions investigated the associations between the daily intake of purine-rich food (animal-derived food and legumes) and hyperuricemia. Results: Eventually, 6813 subjects were included in our study, 1111 of them had hyperuricemia. The intake of seafood, legumes, red meat, and poultry all increased the risk of hyperuricemia (p < 0.05), while the intake of purine-rich fungi and purine-rich vegetables did not affect the occurrence of hyperuricemia. Animal-derived food was the main source of purine-rich food consumed by Chinese adult residents (140.67g/day), which had a great impact on hyperuricemia. Finally, after adjusting for gender, age, region, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, hypertension, and refined grains intake, the risk of hyperuricemia increased by 2.40% and 1.10% for each increase of 10 g in animal-derived food intake (OR = 1.024, 95% CI: 1.018–1.030) and legumes intake (OR = 1.011, 95% CI: 1.003–1.019), respectively. Conclusion: The intake of animal-derived food and legumes were positively correlated with the occurrence of hyperuricemia. Controlling the intake of animal-derived food and legumes would be more beneficial to controlling the risk of hyperuricemia.

scholarly journals Away-from-home meals: Prevalence and characteristics in a metropolis

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartira Mendes Gorgulho ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar

Objective: This study aimed to characterize away-from-home meals.Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study measured dietary intake by administering 24-hour recalls by telephone. Away-from-home breakfast, lunch, and dinner were described and characterized according to the foods that contribute most to the intake of energy, fat, sodium, and added sugar permeal.Results: f the 834 respondents, 24% had had at least one meal away from home. The average energy intake per away-from-home meal was 628 kcal (±101 kcal), about 35% of the average daily intake for this population. Meals contained both healthy foods, such as rice, beans, and fish, and unhealthy foods, such as soft drinks, snacks, sandwiches, and pizza.Conclusion: Individuals who ate away from home had worse diets. However, the presence of healthy foods indicates a possibility of improvement if purposeful programmatic actions are taken.

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