scholarly journals HMI SIMULATION OF BIOGAS HANDLING OF GAS ENGINE SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nugroho Adi Sasongko ◽  
Anton Rahmawan ◽  
Hartadhi Hartadhi ◽  
Arga Febriantoni ◽  
Winaldha Erza N.H. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Large Database ◽  
Control Software ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
And Control

Palm oil waste such as Palm Mill Effluent (POME) can endanger the environment, sincePOME stillcontains organic compounds with highCOD and BOD. To reduce COD and BOD level, POME needs tobe processed into environmentally friendly and useful products. One of the products is biogas, whichcan be used as fuel for gas engines to produce electricity. Biogas can be an alternative to diesel fuel.The results of the study indicatedthat the amount of biogas content from the new POME waste processcan be used to supply gas engines. It is necessary to optimize the design of the Human MachineInterface (HMI)ofthe biogas cleaning system such as bioscrubber, dehumidifier, and blower units,using instrumentation and control software called Virtual Instrument Engineering WorkbenchLaboratory (LabVIEW). LabVIEWis a system design platform and development environment for visualprogramming languages from National Instruments (NI), USA. Instrumentation and control systemsare designed for automation with graphic programming languages. The built-in interface helps simplifycomplex functions such as visualizing the control system in a large database and system-processingoptimization that has been designed.Kata kunci: biogas, gas engine, gas handling, labVIEW, POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent)

Digital Image Processing of Palm Oil Fruits

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S.Y. Choong ◽  
Saad Abbas ◽  
Abdul Rashid Shariff ◽  
Rohaya Halim ◽  
Mohd Halim S. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
And Control

The oil content of the flesh of mesocarp has direct relationship with color bands red, green and blue. By running intensive experiments, it was found that oil content correlated with the red color band, with a regression value of 0.86. The finding of this study may be useful for determining the ripeness of oil palm for harvesting and for the use in the operation and control of continuous steriliser in palm oil mill.

scholarly journals KAJIAN TEKNOLOGI PEMANFAATAN BIOGAS POME (PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT) KE BOILER

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Bambang Sucahyo ◽  
Dwi Lukman H ◽  
Rohmadi Ridlo ◽  
Tyas Puspita R ◽  
Erna Rosmala S
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Valve Train ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Forced Draft ◽  
Gas Burner ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
And Control

In collaboration with BPPT,  PTPN V management starting in 2018 took place at the Sei Pagar  Mill PTPN V in Riau Province, planning the implementation of Biogas to Boiler technology to maximize the use of Biogas. The study aims to substitute shells for steam boilers / kettle through the scheme of using biomass POME to boilers at palm oil mills. The Utilization Model is a simple representation  of a complex process in reality. To produce the scheme the model was preceded by conducting technical studies and economic studies and comparative studies on several Mill s in Sumatra and Kalimantan. From some of the findings from the studies that were compiled, one of the most suitable models will be made that will be applied in the Sei Pagar Mill. Furthermore, from the model, still through the RISTEKDIKTI Flagship Insinas Program, it will be developed to produce Prototypes and Construction / modifications to the Existing Boiler that is applied to the Sei Pagar Mill . Utilization Model Scheme. Biogas POME to Boilers at Palm Oil Mill by applying Biogas to Boiler technology includes several components of equipment, such as: Blower, Piping System, Valve Train, Gas Burner (Single Burner), Forced Draft Fan, and Control Panel (PHB). Utilization Model. Biogas POME to Boilers at Palm Oil Mill can later be developed and implemented to support the application of Biogas to Boiler technology at Palm Oil Mills in Indonesia.Keywords: Steam Boiler / Boiler, Blower, Piping System, Valve Train, Gas Burner (Single Burner), Forced Draft Fan, and Control Panel (PHB)

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN SISTEM PROSES PEMURNIAN BIOGAS BERBASIS PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Ali Nurdin ◽  
Era R. Finalis ◽  
Arfiana Arfiana ◽  
Fausiah Fausiah ◽  
Endro W. Tjahjono
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Pabrik kelapa sawit menghasilkan 0,7 – 1 m3 limbah cair kelapa sawit atau palm oil mill effluent (POME) setiap ton TBS. Untuk pabrik sawit dengan kapasitas 30 ton tandan buah segar per jam, akan dihasilkan 6 ton minyak sawit, 6 ton limbah fiber, 10 ton cangkang dan limbah cair yang dapat menghasilkan listrik 1MW. Proses fermentasi limbah POME ini akan menghasilkan biogas dengan kandungan utama metana (CH4) sebesar 62%. Biogas adalah campuran gas yang diproduksi oleh sekelompok mikroorganisme dengan menguraikan material biodegradable pada kondisi anaerobik. Biogas sebagian besar terdiri atas 50% sampai dengan 70% metana (CH4), 30% sampai 45% karbon dioksida (CO2) dan sedikit kandungan gas lainnya seperti H2S, H2, N2, dan uap air. Untuk dapat memanfaatkan biogas hasil metanisasi dari POME untuk dikonversi menjadi listrik, maka biogas harus terlebih dahulu dilakukan permunian untuk menyesuaikan spesifikasi biogas sebagai bahan bakar gas dengan persyaratan mesin gas yang digunakan. Komponen-komponen di dalam biogas yang perlu dihilangkan ataupun dikurangi meliputi kandungan air, padatan, dan senyawa sulphur. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan sistem proses pemurnian biogas dengan menggunakan Bioscrubber untuk mengurangi kandungan gas H2S dan Dehumidifier untuk mengurangi kandungan uap air dalam produk biogas sehingga dihasilkan biogas dengan spesifikasi yang sesuai dengan umpan Gas Engine.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT UNTUK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK: STUDI KASUS PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT SEI PAGAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novio Valentino ◽  
Dwi Lukman Hakim ◽  
Hana Nabila Anindita ◽  
Zulaicha Dwi Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Pre Treatment

Produksi minyak mentah kelapa sawit yang mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya mengakibatkanmeningkatnya pula produksi limbah cair kelapa sawit atau palm oil mill effluent (POME). POMEmemiliki kandungan organik yang tinggi sehingga tidak dapat dibuang secara langsung ke lingkungan.Di sisi lain, tingginya nilai COD dalam POME ini sebenarnya dapat memberikan potensi untuk konversilistrik dengan menangkap gas metana atau biogas yang dihasilkan melalui serangkaian tahapanproses peruraian POME. Dalam kajian ini dilakukan pendataan potensi POME dari Pabrik KelapaSawit (PKS) Sei Pagar serta perencanaan proses produksi biogas dari POME. Data yang didapatseperti nilai COD, BOD, TSS, dan debit digunakan sebagai basic engineering design produksi biogasdari POME. Dalam perencanaan proses dipilih reaktor CSTR untuk proses produksi biogas. Selain itu,dilakukan proses pre-treatment terlebih dahulu untuk menyesuaikan POME dengan kondisi optimumreaktor. Biogas yang dihasilkan akan dipurifikasi sebelum masuk ke gas engine dan diubah menjadienergi listrik. Dengan kapasitas limbah POME di PKS Sei Pagar yakni sebesar 15 m3/jam dan waktu3pengumpanan 16 jam diharapkan mampu menghasilkan 119 m /jam biogas yang kemudian dapatdikonversi menjadi energi listrik sebesar 532 kW.Kata kunci: POME, biogas, COD, CSTR, desain basis

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR BIOGAS POWER GENERATION COMMISSIONING AT PTPN V KAMPAR PALM OIL MILL

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Arya Bhaskara Adiprabowo ◽  
Bambang Muharto ◽  
Hana Nabila Anindita ◽  
Nur Azimah Salehah ◽  
Dwi Husodo Prasetyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
And Control ◽  
Master Control

Biogas Power Plant (PLT) from palm oil mill effluent had been commissioned by a team from the Center of Technology for the Energy Resources and Chemical Industry, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (PTSEIK-BPPT). The biogas power plant is located in PTPN V Kampar, Riau Province. A PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) has been implemented to support the operation of biogas power plant. Proper sensor selection has been done for each measurement applications. A computer and mimic panel is used as an interface for the operation of PLC. The master control system communicates with the slave control systems and Human Machine Interface (HMI) by means of ethernet communication protocol. Commissioning phase is carried out for 2 hours with a load of 450 kW. Instrumentation and control system is able to measure important variables such as fluctuation in methane numbers, pressures, and biogas flow rate to check the suitability of biogas supply in accordance to gas engine specification.

The Development of Test Bench for Electric Power Steering System Based on Virtual Instrument Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 2319-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hong Tai ◽  
Jiong Gang Han ◽  
Rong Wei Shen ◽  
Ze Gang He
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Control Software ◽  
Electric Power Steering ◽  
Power Steering System ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Electric Power Steering System ◽  
Instrument Technology ◽  
And Control

A kind of test bench of electric power steering system was designed. The measure and control software was developed for the test bench based on virtual instrument technology. The test was carried out. Test results show that the measure and control software can detect the performance of the EPS prototype of electric bus.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Abu Cangkang dan Serat Kelapa Sawit dari Boiler untuk Pembuatan Bata Beton Ringan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi ◽  
Kurniawaty Kurniawaty
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Oil Fuel

Research of  the utilization solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from boiler as row materials  for manufacturing light concrete brick has been conducted. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential use solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers as row materials for manufacturing light concrete brick has recently attracted for an alternative environmentally sustainable application. In this study, light concrete brick made with various proportions of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers and sand were fabricated and studied under laboratory scales. Percentage of palm oil fuel ash of 0% as a control,  10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, replacement  sand, wheras others materials such as Portland cement, lime, gypsum, foaming agent and aluminium with the numbers constant. The quality of light concreate brick   were applied followed by the compressive strength test, density and water absorption capacity. The study discovered that the compressive strength for all composition meet the recommended value to light structural of 6.89 MPa as prescribed in SNI 03-3449-2002. In the same manner density of light concrete brick for all proportion under the maximum density recommended value of 1400 Kg/m3 according to SNI 03-3449-2002. While water absorption capacity of increased by the increasing use of ashes. Therefore, palm oil fuel ash from boiler can be used as raw material for the light concrete brick which is  environmental friendly because using solid waste and also an alternative handling solid waste.ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan limbah padat abu cangkang dan serat kelapa sawit dari boiler sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sebagai bahan pembuatan bata beton ringan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengelolaan lingkungan yang bekelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini, bata beton ringan dibuat dengan berbagai komposisi abu boiler dan pasir yang diproduksi dalam  skala laboratorium. Persentase dari abu berturut-turut 0% sebagai kontrol, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% dan 60% mensubtitusi pasir, sedangkan bahan lain yaitu semen, kapur, gypsum,  foaming  agent serta aluminium pasta dengan jumlah tetap. Mutu bata beton ringan yang diujikan adalah kuat tekan, bobot jenis dan daya serap air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan untuk semua komposisi memenuhi batas minimum yang dipersyaratkan untuk stuktural ringan yaitu 6,89 MPa sesuai SNI 03-3449-2002. Demikian pula bobot jenis dari bata ringan yang dihasilkan masih dibawah dari batas maksimum yang direkomendasikan SNI 03-3449-2002 yaitu maksimal 1400 Kg/m3. Sedangkan daya serap air mengalami kenaikan dengan naiknya jumlah abu yang digunakan . Limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan yang ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah dan menjadi salah satu alternatif pengelolaan limbah. Kata kunci :  Abu cangkang kelapa sawit,  bata beton ringan, bobot jenis,  daya serap air,  limbah,  kuat tekan

Teknologi Esktrasi dan Cara Pemisahannya untuk Mendapatkan Kembali Karotenoid dari Minyak Sawit : Suatu Tinjauan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Agus Sudibyo ◽  
Sardjono Sardjono
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Molecular Product ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Selection Of

Crude palm oil (CPO)is the richest natural plant source of carotenoids in terms of retinol (pro-vitamin A) equivalent, whereas palm oil mill effluent (POME) is generated from palm oil industry that contains oil and carotenes that used to be treated before discharge. Carotenoids are importance in animals and humans for the purpose of the enhancement of immune response, conversion of vitamin A and scavenging of oxygen radicals. This component has different nutritional  functions and benefits to humaan health. The growing interest in the other natural sources of beta-carotene and growing awareness to prevent pollution has stimulated the industrial use of CPO and POME as a raw material for carotenoids extraction. Various technologies of extraction and separation have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids.This article reports on various technologies that have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids from being destroyed in commercial refining of palm oil and effects of some various treatments on the extraction end separation for carotenoid from palm oil and carotenoids concentration. Principally, there are different technologies, and there is one some future which is the use of solvent. Solvent plays important role  in the most technologiest, however the problem of solvents which are used is that they posses potentiaal fire health and environmental hazards. Hence selection of the  most safe, environmentally friendly and cost effective solvent is important to design of alternative extraction methods.Chemical molecular product design is one of the methods that are becoming more popular nowadays for finding solvent with the desired properties prior to experimental testing.ABSTRAKMinyak sawit kasar merupakan sumber karotenoid terkaya yang berasal dari tanaman sawit sebagai senyawa yang sama dengan retinol atau pro-vitamin A; sedangkan limbah pengolahan minyak sawit dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan minyak sawit yang berisi minyak dan karotene yang perlu diberi perlakuan terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang. Karotenoid merupakan bahan penting yang diperlukan pada hewan dan manusia guna memperkuat tanggapan terhadap kekebalan, konversi ke vitamin A dan penangkapan gugus oksigen radikal. Dengan berkembangnya ketertarikan dalam mencari beta-karotene yang bersumber dari alam lain dan meningkatnya kesadaran untuk mencegah adanya pencemaran lingkungan, maka mendorong suatu industri untuk menggunakan CPO dan POME sebagai bahan baku untuk diekstrak karotenoidnya. Berbagai macam teknologi guna mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid telah dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan kembali karotenoidnya. Makalah ini melaporkan dan membahas berbagai jenis teknologi yang telah dikembangkan guna mendapatkan kembali senyawa karotenoid dari kerusakan di dalam proses pemurnian minyak sawit secara komersial dan pengaruh beberapa perlakuan terhadap ekstrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid dari minyak sawit dan konsentrasi karotenoidnya. Pada prinsipnya, berbagai teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid terdapat perbedaan, dan terdapat salah satu teknologi yang digunakan untuk esktrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid adalah menggunakan bahan pelarut. Pelarut yang digunakan mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam teknologi ekstrasi; namun pelarut yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak tersebut mempunyai persoalan karena berpotensi mengganggu kesehatan dan membahayakan cemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan jenis teknologi yang aman, ramah terhadap lingkungan dan biaya yang efektif untuk penggunaan pelarut merupakan hal penting sebelum dilakukan desain metode/teknologi alternatif untuk esktrasi karotenoid. Pola produk molekuler kimia merupakan salah satu metode yang saat ini menjadi lebih populer untuk mencari pelarut dengan sifat-sifat yang dikehendaki sebelum diujicobakan. Kata kunci :    karotenoid, ekstrasi, pemisahan, teknologi, minyak sawit kasar, limbah industri pengolahan sawit.

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