scholarly journals Addressing Official Misconduct

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-290
Author(s):  
Clayton B. Drummond ◽  
Mai Naito Mills
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
African American ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Police Accountability ◽  
Legal Defense ◽  
Criminal Justice Professionals

Currently, the National Registry of Exonerations (NRE) states that official misconduct has been a contributing factor in 1,404 of 2,601 exonerations. The term “official” includes criminal justice professionals such as prosecutors, judicial officials, and law enforcement. Analyzing official misconduct and inadequate legal defense cases in the NRE, the goal of this article is to identify (1) officials who commit misconduct in murder exonerations, (2) types of misconduct conducted, and (3) impact on race of the exoneree. The findings of the study indicated that police and prosecutors committed more acts of misconduct than the number of exonerees included in the study. Additionally, African American exonerees were found to be disproportionately victimized by official misconduct. Policy implications and future research provide insight on how the findings reinforce calls for social justice and police accountability in wake of the killing of George Floyd and the shooting of Jacob Blake.

Race and policing in historical context: Dehumanization and the policing of Black people in the 21st century

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akwasi Owusu-Bempah
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Black People ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Advance Research

Too little consideration has been given to conceptualizing race within mainstream criminological scholarship. One consequence of this oversight is the existence of a stale debate over the causes of racial disparities in crime and criminal justice outcomes. This article draws upon intersectionality to present an historical analysis of the policing of African Americans. The article argues that the concept of dehumanization helps explain the structural inequalities that produce crime within African American communities and the presence of racism within law enforcement agencies. The discipline may advance research in this area by adopting a constructionist racialization framework.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sharon D. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
African American ◽  
Native American ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Large Numbers

There are moments in history when there are major breakthroughs in the power of social movements. Large numbers of people recognize the depth of injustice, see possibilities of beauty and integrity heretofore unknown, and find new forms of coming together to bring about change. We are living in such a time. We also live in a time of genuine threat – rising authoritarianism, racism, and xenophobia, increasing environmental degradation, morally unconscionable income and wealth disparities, a dangerously militarized police force, and a criminal justice system that disproportionately targets people who are African American, Native American and Latinx. Moreover, we are confronting ongoing threats of war and terrorism, escalating Islamophobia, and a national political system that is largely ineffective, paralyzed by increasingly high levels of division and polarization. We are in a struggle for the very soul of democracy, and all that we hold dear - interdependence, reason, compassion, respect for all human beings, and stewardship of the natural world that sustains us,– is under direct, unabashed assault. This book is meant for those who are concerned about dangers to our democracy, and to our social health as a nation. It is for those who desire to work for social justice, and to respond to essential protests by enacting progressive change.

Queer Criminology and Ethnography

2021 ◽  
pp. 268-287
Author(s):  
Vanessa R. Panfil
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Organizing Principles

This chapter outlines what is entailed by queer criminological ethnographies. It first discusses the methodologies and findings of notable ethnographic works about LGBTQ populations, including those not originally designed as ethnographies, and also briefly reviews relevant interview-based or participatory action studies. It next explores discussions of queer epistemology in queer criminological work and the social science enterprise to evaluate to what extent there is a “queer method” and what its organizing principles are (or should be). It then evaluates several debates relevant to conducting ethnography in queer criminology, including methodological and political considerations such as how to situate the work and whether traditional ethnographic approaches are appropriate. The chapter presents detailed descriptions of priority areas for future research, including international projects. The chapter closes with a discussion of policy implications that may emerge from queer criminology ethnographies, which are relevant not only for criminal justice settings but for criminology as a field.

Restoration of Social Justice and Imposition of Proportionate Punishment in the Context of the Principle Non Bis In Idem

10.12737/7595 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Сергей Андрусенко ◽  
Sergey Andrusenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
System Study ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law

The article discusses current issues in the restoration of victim rights by applying one of the fundamental principles of criminal law: the reestablishment of social justice and the commensurability/proportionality of the criminal justice system. Study the problems in the theory of criminal punishment that justify the possibility of increasing the punishment after conviction. The author also analyzes some of the positions of modern medicine which is based on the ability to change the verdict and appointment of new criminal penalties. Insufficient developed changes that were made to the criminal procedure law, can create problems of law enforcement practices that lead to a substantial violation of the rights of victims. The article also examines conflict general principles of criminal law, namely, the restoration of social justice and proportionality of criminal punishment and principle non bis in idem. The author points out significant challenges that may arise in law enforcement and offers solutions.

Mathematical Persistence Among Four African American Male Graduate Students: A Critical Race Analysis of Their Experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Jett
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Male ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Racial Microaggressions ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Critical Race

The stories of high-achieving African American mathematics students are gaining prominence in the research literature. In this multiple case study, I use a critical race theoretical frame to document and analyze the experiences of 4 mathematically persistent African American male students who earned undergraduate degrees in mathematics and subsequently enrolled in mathematics or mathematics education graduate programs. The findings reveal that these African American men drew from internal factors to influence their mathematical persistence and identified how racial microaggressions manifest themselves in postundergraduate contexts. Recommendations for practice, policy implications, and future research directions that emerged from this study are discussed to better understand African American men's mathematics experiences.

Collaboration Between Federal and Local Law Enforcement

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Police Chiefs ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
University Departments ◽  
Local Law Enforcement ◽  
Post September 11

Collaboration between law enforcement agencies, at all levels of government, has been identified as a salient component of post–September 11 policing. This study surveys a representative sample of Texas police chiefs concerning their perceptions of the level of collaboration that is occurring between their respective departments and federal agencies. Results suggest that the majority of chiefs hold generally low perceptions of federal-local collaboration. Furthermore, regression analyses show that preparedness and departmental strategy perceptions are predictive of federal-local collaboration. Regarding structural factors, chiefs of large departments as well as university departments are more likely to report higher levels of collaboration with federal agencies. Policy implications and directions for future research are discussed.

A sobering examination of how the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates the disparities of vulnerable populations

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilcelia A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
African American ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intersectionality Theory ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Social Justice Theory

PurposeIntersectionality theory is a social justice theory customarily employed to address inequities which arise in the academic or legal arenas as it relates to race and gender. The application of intersectionality theory extends beyond the convergence of multiple social identities. It provides an invaluable framework to examine the convergence of social identities, the social determinants of health and a global pandemic in communities of historically marginalized and underrepresented persons. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated the disparities experienced by African American and Latinx persons using the principles of intersectionality theory as the schema.Design/methodology/approachA literature review was performed on the scholarly articles examining the disproportionate incidence and mortality rates of African Americans and Latinx persons in America.FindingsThe current literature confirms that the disparities which existed prior to the onset of the coronavirus pandemic have been magnified by systemic oppression and racism of historically marginalized and underrepresented persons in America. The coronavirus pandemic has spotlighted the disparities in sustainable employment and access to health care for African American and Latinx persons.Originality/valueEmploying a social justice theoretical framework of intersectionality provides an opportunity to examine the lived experiences of African American and Latinx persons without race/ethnicity being the primary focal point. Future research will illustrate the urgent need for public health policy reform to eradicate the disparities experienced by African American and Latinx populations.

scholarly journals Effect Of Body-Worn Cameras On African-American Perceptions Of Police Performance And Fairness

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Yolanda Smith
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Police Performance ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
American Adult ◽  
Perceptions Of Police

This research study examined the effect of body-worn cameras on African American perceptions of police performance and fairness to gain a well-rounded understanding of the public's perception of body-worn cameras. Prior research involving police body-worn cameras focused on police use of force and community perceptions. Limitations within previous research call for further investigation into African American perceptions of the police and consider the role body-worn cameras play in affecting that perception. Using procedural justice theory, I focused on body-worn cameras and their effect on African-American perceptions of police performance and fairness. Employing a quantitative, non-experimental research design and surveying 124 African-American adult participants 18 years and older, I found that African-Americans favor police officers who wear body-worn cameras. Future research suggests incorporating a greater sample size, thereby strengthening the validity and improving generalizability. Policy implications suggest that studying body-worn cameras may add additional research to the knowledge base and help law enforcement understand the relationship between police officers who wear body-worn cameras and African-Americans perceptions of police treatment when body-worn cameras are present. Keywords: African-American, body-worn cameras, police performance, fairness, procedural justice

scholarly journals New Approaches to Data-Driven Civilian Oversight of Law Enforcement: An Introduction to the Second NACOLE/CJPR Special Issue

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Stageman ◽  
Nicole M. Napolitano ◽  
Brian Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Policy Review ◽  
Police Accountability

In April of 2016, National Association for Civilian Oversight of Law Enforcement (NACOLE) and John Jay College partnered to sponsor the Academic Symposium “Building Public Trust: Generating Evidence to Enhance Police Accountability and Legitimacy.” This essay introduces the Criminal Justice Policy Review Special Issue featuring peer-reviewed, empirical research papers first presented at the Symposium. We provide context for the Symposium in relation to contemporary national discourse on police accountability and legitimacy. In addition, we review each of the papers presented at the Symposium, and provide in-depth reviews of each of the manuscripts included in the Special Issue.

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