scholarly journals Economic aspects of telemedicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
I.A. Shaderkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Formative Stage ◽  
Lead Generation ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Further Development

Introduction. For the recent years telemedicine (TM) has been actively integrated into daily life, and its growth was especially significant during COVID-19 pandemic. However, its economic component has its own specificities depending on the health financing system. The aim of this article is to analyze reasons of economical inefficiency of TM technologies in different health financing systems and to determine its further development path in economic terms. Results. It’s not justified to expect cost reduction of health care after integrating TM technologies into medical practice. In private health-care system TM technologies in the form of TM consultation aren’t cost-effective for beneficiaries. Representatives of private clinics use TM as a part of lead generation. From private clinics’ point of view, it’s cost-effective to use distant monitoring technologies integrated into programs of patients’ management. It’s economically appropriate to apply all varieties of TM including TM consultation on the voluntary health insurance (VHC) system. However, due to the low prevalence of VHC in Russia we can’t expect significant growth of TM in Russia based on using this sector. Conclusions. TM technologies require financing in its formative stage, implementation, development and further functioning phases.

WHICH HEALTH FINANCING MODEL IS BETTER: TAX-FINANCED OR SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE? WHAT DOES INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE PROVE?

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
E.G. Potapchik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Financing Model ◽  
The Developed Countries

In Russia disputes on the need to abandon Compulsory Health Insurance (CHI) and return to the tax-based financing are yet to subside. At present, after the statement of the President of the Russian Federation V. Putin about the possibility to establish a state health care corporation, discussions on the issue have only escalated. Purpose. To conduct a comparative assessment of the public health financing model impact on the access and structural characteristics of health care delivery in the developed countries. Material and methods. Assessment of the potential impact of public funding models on the health system performance is carried out by analyzing variations in the main indicators of financial access, health care uptake and health status of the population, achieved in the developed countries with different health financing models. Results. Health care expenditures in countries with CHI are higher than in countries with the tax-based financing model. In countries with CHI the share of administrative expenses is slightly higher than in countries with the tax-based financing system. The share of spending on preventive care is slightly higher in countries with the tax-based financing system. There is a slightly lower level of outpatient and inpatient care uptake in countries with the tax-based financing system compared to countries with CHI. The premature mortality rate in countries with CHI is slightly lower than in countries with the tax-based system. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate that there are no significant differences in the access and structural characteristics of medical care in the health care system of the developed countries with different financing models. The main difference remains the level of health expenditures. In countries with CHI, the level of health expenditures is higher than in countries with the tax-based financing, which is largely due to the existence of a separate source of funding. The level of administrative costs in countries with CHI is also higher than in countries with the tax-based system.

Economic development trends and aspects of healthcare reform in Russia under COVID-2019 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-513
Author(s):  
Natalya Krivenko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Of The Economy ◽  
Care System

The article is aimed at studying the state of the Russian economy and health care system before and after the COVID-2019 pandemic, identifying the main trends in the economy and health care, regardless of the pandemic, as well as its impact on the socioeconomic development of the country. The interrelation and mutual influence of the levels of development of the economy and health care of the country is noted. An analysis of the state of the economy and health care system in Russia for 2017–2019 is presented, problems and achievements in the pre-pandemic period are identified. The COVID-2019 pandemic is considered not only from the point of view of a medical manifestation but as a powerful trigger that provoked large-scale socioeconomic changes in the world, as a bifurcation point in world development, requiring states to objectively assess the state of the economy and healthcare, revise the current coordinate system, getting out of the state of uncertainty and choosing promising areas of socioeconomic development. A cross-country analysis of the response of various health systems to the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the advantages of countries with centralized management, health financing, and subordinate sanitary and epidemiological services. Along with the achievements of Russia in the fight against COVID-19, the existing specific problems of the domestic health care system are noted, which negatively affected the preparedness for a pandemic. Analyzed the consequences of the COVID-2019 pandemic for the socio-economic state of countries at the global level. The change in socio-economic indicators in Russia in 2020 compared to 2019 is presented as a result of the consequences of the COVID-2019 pandemic. The main results of the study are to identify the main trends in the development of the economy and the healthcare system in Russia in the context of the ongoing COVID-2019 pandemic, defining the directions of reforming the national healthcare, trajectories of increasing the level of socioeconomic development of the country

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF THE HEALTH CARE PERFECTION IN LATVIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Eva Liepiņa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Main Development ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Care System

Characterizing the health care system from the sustainable point of view, it is important to evaluate the operational principles of the healthy society. It is necessary to evaluate the existing problems in the health care sector and to identify further development possibilities in order to be able to perform the high healthy society standard. The Latvian financial accessibility of the health care during the last years has been explored. The article provides the analysis of main development tendencies of the medical accessibility for inhabitants, where suggestions of potentialities for their further development are given.

Quantification of Standards for Length-of-Stay Based upon Optimal Patient Care and Standard Medical Practice

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Owen Black ◽  
Jonas Johnson ◽  
Eugene N. Myers ◽  
Olga Perkun
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Radical Neck Dissection ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Postoperative Length

Length-of-stay criteria are being developed by the Allegheny Professional Standards Review Organization (APSRO) in western Pennsylvania. In order to statistically document the standard of practice at the Eye and Ear Hospital of Pittsburgh, a retrospective review of patients who underwent laryngectomy with or without radical neck dissection was performed. Results demonstrated that routinely allowing only one day preoperative assessment deviates significantly from optimal medical practice and may place some patients at increased risk, especially for postoperative complications. From a cost-effective health care delivery point of view, abbreviated preoperative preparation contributes negatively to postoperative length-of-stay which was the most costly component of hospital health care for this group of patients. The development of appropriate standards of medical practice criteria using preexisting HEW mechanisms and scientifically designed prospective studies should be encouraged.

DEVELOPMENT OF A HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM IN GERMANY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
E. V. SOKOLOV ◽  
◽  
D. A. GRECHKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
The State ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Financing Health Care

The article discloses a system of financing health care in Germany. The features and advantages of competing sickness funds (funds) and organizations of interaction between the state by associations of doctors and state non-profit and commercial hospitals are shown.

HMOS—ANOTHER ROADBLOCK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DRUG

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. A51-A51
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
American People ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Physician Visits

The first Cognex auguries are not promising. These signs of resistance come from two of the nation's largest HMOs, Northern California Kaiser Permanente and the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound. Northern California Kaiser has already decided to ban Cognex from its formulary... Cognex is expected to cost about $1,300 to $1,500 annually per patient, and this does not include the costs of blood tests and physician visits required to guard against side effects. Against this Kaiser argues that Cognex helps only some victims of Alzheimer's Disease; the gain is not very great in many patients; and some who take Cognex suffer liver toxicity that the HMOs would have to treat. So from an HMO's point of view, Cognex is not "cost-effective," the magic mantra of HMO health care. But for anyone who's aware of the living hell in which many Alzheimer's patients and their families live, this argument does not wash... Americans still expect their doctors to put patients' interests first. As the Cognex incident at the two major HMOs shows, that expectation need not be satisfied in HMO health care. Mr. Clinton, his health reform, and the American people can only benefit if the president takes specific measures to ensure that patients' expectations and HMO reality are congruent.

scholarly journals Rationalizing Health Personnel Financing Schemes for Evidence-informed Policy Reforms: Policy Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilton Y. Lam ◽  
Katrina Loren R. Rey ◽  
Ma-Ann M. Zarsuelo ◽  
Ma. Esmeralda C. Silva ◽  
Michael Antonio F. Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Part Time

Background. The Universal Health Care Law seeks to optimize financing of personnel costs without compromising quality and equitable health care among the health care facilities. This position statement aimed to identify strategies and policy recommendations for the cost-effective financing of health personnel in public healthcare facilities. Methods. A systematic review of literature was done to generate policy brief and key points for roundtable discussion in collaboration with the Department of Health (DOH). The discussion was guided by the three health financing options of DOH: (a) retain Personnel Services (PS) as DOH budget but shift Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) to PhilHealth; (b) shift PS and MOOE to PhilHealth, and (c) rationalize part-time status in government hospitals. Results. The pros and cons of financing options were cross-examined. In Option 1, physicians in government hospitals would receive fixed salaries from DOH / Local Government Units. In Option 2, there would be a monopsony between PhilHealth and provincial power. Payment will be performance-driven, and balance billing will be eliminated. Option 3 would be a set up of retaining part-time positions for physicians. Conclusion and Recommendation. Participants deduced that for Option 1, provision of salary augmentation sources and ensuring adequate plantilla items and level of remuneration in government hospitals should be considered, in order to sufficiently compete with physicians’ income from private practice. For Option 2, the PhilHealth reimbursement system should ensure timely reimbursement so as not to subject care providers to financial instabilities. For Option 3, rationalizing part-time status should be flexible and can be applied regardless of how physicians are paid, as this would incentivize caregivers to work harder and smarter.

Computational Intelligence and Sensor Networks for Biomedical Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 261-273
Author(s):  
Daniel T.H. Lai ◽  
Jussi Pakkanen ◽  
Rezaul Begg ◽  
Marimuthu Palaniswami
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Wireless Transmitters ◽  
Biomedical Systems ◽  
Biomedical System ◽  
Monitoring Technologies

Sensor networks (SN) is an emergent technology which combines small sensors outfitted with wireless transmitters to form a network with more powerful sensing capabilities (Akyildiz, Su, Sankarasubramaniam, & Cayirci, 2002; Chong & Kumar, 2003). The primary application for SN technology is monitoring environmental changes making it ideal for deployment in patient monitoring systems. In contrast to other monitoring technologies such as video, SN offers a potentially cheaper solution consisting of cost effective interconnected sensors which cooperatively sense the surroundings. Individual sensor information is then fused to derive an instantaneous description of the environment. In this article, we review briefly the recent applications of CI and SN technologies in health care, mentioning some of the challenges in deploying these technologies. This is followed by an example of a biomedical system incorporating both technologies in a single paradigm. The state of current systems and their advantages over existing methods are highlighted with examples focusing primarily on intelligent automated diagnostic systems to augment clinician diagnoses and health care monitoring systems for continuous patient observation.

Equity in Irish health care financing: measurement issues

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Smith
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Previous Analysis ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Equity In Health ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Equity In Health Care

AbstractThis paper employs widely used analytic techniques for measuring equity in health care financing to update Irish results from previous analysis based on data from the late 1980s. Kakwani indices are calculated using household survey data from 1987/88 to 2004/05. Results indicate a marginally progressive financing system overall. However, interpretation of the results for the private sources of health financing is complicated. This problem is not unique to Ireland but it is argued that it may be relatively more important in the context of a complex health financing system, illustrated in this paper by the Irish system. Alternative options for improving the analysis of equity in health care financing are discussed.

scholarly journals Traditional Medicine and Diabetes Care in Myanmar

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 016-021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tint Swe Latt ◽  
Than Than Aye ◽  
Ei Sandar U. ◽  
Yin Yin Win ◽  
Khin Thawdar Wint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Financing System ◽  
System A ◽  
The Cost

AbstractAccording to the National Survey of Diabetes and Its Risk Factors conducted in 2014, Myanmar has a high burden of diabetes, as the prevalence of diabetes in adult population was 10.5% and the estimated number of adults with diabetes was 2.5 million. Diabetes care in the country is still far from satisfaction, as more than 50% of people with diabetes were unaware of their diagnosis, and access to the comprehensive diabetes care is generally available in the big cities only. Moreover, most people have to pay the cost of health care out of their own pocket, as the health insurance system and social security system are currently in their rudimentary stage. Because of these gaps in diabetes care and health financing system, a significant number of people resort to the traditional medicine, which is familiar to a significant proportion of the public and also being relatively more accessible with affordable cost. This article assesses the current situation of traditional medicine in diabetes care in Myanmar and attempts to make some suggestions to remedy the drawbacks of traditional medicine. It discusses ways to adopt an integrated approach to strengthen the practice of traditional medicine, in general, in the health care system of the country regarding the diabetes care.

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