DINAMIKA DAYA SAING EKSPOR UDANG BEKU DAN OLAHAN INDONESIA DI PASAR INTERNASIONAL

During the past eleven years, shrimp is the leading commodity of Indonesian fishery exports, especially the types of frozen and preserved shrimp that have a considerable export value. However, Indonesian exports value growth of both shrimp products are lower than its competitors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of competitiveness and the exports dynamics position of frozen and preserved shrimp in Indonesia among competing countries in the international market. The method used is Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA). The method is used to analyze changes in the competition level for 11 years (2007-2017), which is divided into 2 periods namely 2007-2012 and 2012-2017. The results showed that both frozen shrimp and preserved shrimp had a competitiveness in the international market. The competitiveness of Indonesian preserved shrimp tends to increase among 9 main competitors in two periods. In the first period, the competitiveness of Indonesian preserved shrimp was in the falling star position while in the second period reached the best position, namely rising star. On the other hand, the competitiveness of Indonesian frozen shrimp position in the first period was in the lost opportunity and reached the rising star position in the second period. Indonesia needs to increase exports of frozen and preserved shrimp products by ensuring the availability of raw materials and improving quality in exporting frozen shrimp and preserved shrimp.

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Dynamics of Indonesian Robusta Coffee Competition Among Major Competitor Countries

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar ◽

10.21082/jtidp.v5n1.2018.p1-10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nia Rosiana ◽

Rita Nurmalina ◽

Ratna Winandi ◽

Amzul Rifin

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Export Market ◽

Spearman Correlation ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Time Dimension ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

The Past ◽

Competition Level ◽

Major Competitor ◽

Export Destination

Fluctuations in Indonesian Robusta coffee exports occurred along with a declining trend in coffee exports compared to major competitor countries over the past fifteen years. This research aimed to analyze the dynamics of the competitiveness of Indonesian Robusta coffee exports and the level of competition among the major competitor countries such as Vietnam and India. The methods used are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA), and Rank Spearman Correlation. These methods were selected to analyze changes in competition level within 15 years’ time dimension (2000–2015) as well as to analyze the relationships among competing countries, which may affect Robusta coffee market of each country. The analysis showed that Indonesia's coffee competitiveness tends to increase compared to the two major competitors of Robusta coffee exporter of the world such as Vietnam and India. However, Indonesia's coffee competitiveness is still a half below Vietnam. The Indonesian coffee rivalry against Vietnam and India is not significantly correlated due to the different markets of export destination countries. Increasing competitiveness and the strength of competition in export market can be done through quality improvement and continuity of domestic Robusta coffee in accordance to the demand of world consumers.

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Comparative Advantages of Jute Export in Bangladesh, China and India

Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries ◽

10.3329/ralf.v7i2.48858 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 183-190

Author(s):

Shaima Chowdhury Sharna ◽

M Kamruzzaman

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Global Market ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

New Markets ◽

China And India ◽

The Past ◽

The World ◽

Comparative Advantages

The aim of this study was to review the trend of production and export of jute as well as comparative advantages of jute export of Bangladesh, China and India. In the case of production, India is the leading country which is followed by Bangladesh, China, Nepal, Zimbabwe, Uzbekistan, Egypt and others. However, Bangladesh plays the supreme role over other countries in the world for exporting jute. Jute export fluctuated erratically over the past four decades in these three most jute exporting countries. The Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) has been enumerated for comparing the jute export advantages in the global market. Bangladesh always enjoys greater comparative advantages than China and India although the revealed comparative advantages are less in recent years than those were one decade ago. But it can’t catch the high-value market because exporters have mainly focused on raw jute while jute goods have high potentiality. The recommended issues urge to enhance the productivity of jute cultivation, inaugurate more diversified products, and explore new markets for exports. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 183-190, August 2020

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An Analysis of Shaoxing Textile Industry’s International Competitiveness: The Perspective of the Export Evaluation Indexes

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.331.722 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 331 ◽

pp. 722-725

Author(s):

Ai Qing Jiang ◽

Rong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Competitive Advantage ◽

Market Share ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Textile Industry ◽

International Competitiveness ◽

International Market ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Evaluation Indexes ◽

Trade Competitiveness ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage Index

First the thesis analyzes the development situation of Shaoxing textile industry. Then three export evaluation indexes (international market share, trade competitiveness index, revealed comparative advantage index) were selected to analyze and prove the international competitiveness of Shaoxing textile and clothing. At last, it proves that Shaoxing textile and clothing has very strong competitive advantage and also puts forward several suggestions to strengthen this competitiveness.

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DAYA SAING MINYAK SAWIT DAN DAMPAK RENEWABLE ENERGY DIRECTIVE (RED) UNI EROPA TERHADAP EKSPOR INDONESIA DI PASAR UNI EROPA

Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jai.2017.5.2.103-116 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Gisa Rachma Khairunisa ◽

Tanti Novianti

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Gravity Model ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

Export Product ◽

Lost Opportunity

Minyak sawit dalam bentuk Crude Palm Oil merupakan komoditi ekspor unggulan Indonesia.Indonesia merupakan produsen dan eksportir minyak sawit terbesar di dunia.Uni Eropa merupakan pengimpor minyak sawit Indonesia terbesar kedua setelah India, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kondisi ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia.Pada tahun 2009 Uni Eropa mengeluarkan kebijakanRenewable Energy Directive yang dapat berdampak kepada ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendekripsikan gambaran umum minyak sawit, menganalisis posisi daya saing minyak sawit Indonesia menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Export Product Dynamics (EPD) serta menganalisis dampak kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive terhadap terhadap kinerja ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia dengan menggunakan gravity model. Hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa minyak sawit Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif (nilai RCA>1). Analisis EPD minyak sawit Indonesia di pasar Uni Eropa berada pada posisi“Rising Star”, Jepang berada di posisi “Retreat” dan Jerman berada pada posisi“Lost Opportunity”. Hasil analisis gravity model menunjukkan GDP perkapita Indonesia, populasi negaratujuan, jarak ekonomi, dan kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive signifikan memengaruhi nilai ekspor minyak sawit, sedangkan nilai tukar riil Indonesia tidak berpengaruhsignifikan.

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Agri-food trade of the new member states since the EU accession

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/110/2012-agricecon ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 101-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. Török ◽

A. Jámbor

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Value Added ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Eu Accession ◽

Member States ◽

Food Trade ◽

New Member States ◽

Processed Products ◽

The Eu

In 2004 and 2007, twelve New Member States (NMS) joined the European Union (EU), causing several changes in the field of agriculture. One of the major changes was the transformation of the national agri-food trade. The aim of the paper is to analyse the effects of the EU accession on the NMS agri-food trade, especially considering the revealed comparative advantages. The results suggest that the intensity of the NMS agri-food trade has increased significantly after the accession, though there was a serious deterioration in the NMS agri-food trade balance in most cases. It has also become evident that the NMS agri-food trade was highly concentrated by country and by product, though the concentration has not changed significantly after the EU accession. Moreover, our analyses highlight one of the most important characteristics of the NMS agri-food trade structure – the focus on the agri-food raw materials in export together with the agri-food processed products in import. As to the NMS agri-food trade specialisation, the diversity among member states becomes apparent. Almost all countries experienced a decrease in their comparative advantage after the accession, though it still remained at an acceptable level in most cases. As for the stability of the comparative advantage, the results suggest a weakening trend, underpinned by the convergence of the pattern of revealed comparative advantage. By estimating the survival function to the sample, it can be observed that the accession has radically changed the survival time of agri-food trade, meaning that the revealed comparative advantage has not turned out to be persistent in the period analysed. From the policy perspective, there is a clear need for structural changes in the NMS agriculture and agri-food sector in order to tackle the negative tendencies of the national agri-food trade. The most important long-term goal should be the production and export of higher value-added processed products based on domestic raw materials.  

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The Competitiveness of Indonesian Cashew Nuts in The Global Market

JEJAK ◽

10.15294/jejak.v14i1.26067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 93-101

Author(s):

Syifa Al Mani ◽

Eka Purna Yudha

Keyword(s):

Competitive Advantage ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Raw Materials ◽

International Market ◽

Global Market ◽

Export Market ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

Comparative Advantages ◽

Calculation Results ◽

Trading Activities

Indonesia is one of the best quality cashew nut producers and exporters with a 1.2% share in the global market. This is very far from being compared to Vietnam as the world's main exporter of cashew nut controlling 34.07% of the global export market. This study aims to determine the competitive and comparative advantages of cashew nuts from Indonesia and Vietnam in the international market at 2009-2018. The various differences between the two countries make the products produced and distributed vary in quality and quantity. Competitive advantage is analyzed using Porter's diamond theory which consists of four factors to see the competitive advantage of an industry/country. Meanwhile, to determine the comparative advantage of cashew nut trading activities, the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Trade Specialization Index (ISP) were calculated. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that Indonesia has an advantage in producing cashew nuts, but has not been able to process it optimally, such as Vietnam which applies special technology and standards in producing cashew nuts. The RCA calculation shows that Vietnam's cashew nut exports have much greater competitiveness than Indonesia, and the ISP calculation results show that both exporters are still importing to maintain the economy and ensure the availability of industrial raw materials in the global market. Trade-related policies need to be considered in order to increase export profits and benefit domestic business actors

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Sparkling Wine International Market Structure and Competitiveness

Wine Economics and Policy ◽

10.36253/web-8433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 37-47

Author(s):

Karim Marini Thome ◽

Vitoria A. Leal Paiva

Keyword(s):

Market Structure ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Relative Position ◽

International Market ◽

The United States ◽

Export Market ◽

Sparkling Wine ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Net Export

This paper aims to analyse the Sparkling Wine international market structure and competitiveness, focusing on the 2004–2018 period. It used the data regarding exports and imports of sparkling wine available in the International Trade Centre’s Trade Map database. The method used to examine sparkling wine’s international market structure and competitiveness consisted of calculation of: (i) Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA); (ii) Relative Position in the Market (RPM); (iii) Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI); and (iv) Net Export Index (NEI). The paper analyses the growth of the sparkling wine trade worldwide. It demonstrated that France had the greatest relative position in the market, followed by Italy and Spain. This same sequence was found in the revealed comparative advantage, highlighting the increased Italian export level. A high export market structure concentration was also shown. On the other hand, there was an unconcentrated import market structure, and, according to the NEI, it was possible to identify three groups composed of actors who were stable in terms of: i) exports based on domestic production (France, Italy and Spain); ii) trade, reflecting re-export (Singapore and the Netherlands); iii) imports, with strong domestic consumption (Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Australia, and Belgium).

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The competitiveness of Indonesia’s pepper export and its challenges

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 892 (1) ◽

pp. 012074

Author(s):

D H Azahari ◽

H J Purba ◽

Erwidodo ◽

V Darwis ◽

F B M Dabukke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Market Competition ◽

Secondary Data ◽

International Market ◽

Black Pepper ◽

International Standards ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

Market Competitiveness ◽

Pepper Powder ◽

Star Position

Abstract Indonesia is the second-largest pepper (Piper Nigrum L) producer country after Vietnam and followed by India, Brazil, and Malaysia. While Vietnam is the largest black pepper producer, Indonesia is recognized as the largest white pepper-producing country. With the increasing market competition among them in the international market, Indonesia has to increase the market competitiveness of its pepper exports against its competitors. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian pepper exports in the international market by using secondary data from various sources, including from the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture and the International Pepper Community for the year 2018. It focuses on Pepper beans (HS 0900411) and Pepper Powder (HS090412) and uses two methods, namely Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Export Products Dynamic (EPD). The RCA analysis shows that Indonesia has a comparative advantage as a pepper exporter on the international market, both for pepper beans and powder. However, the results of the EPD analysis revealed that such an advantage is declining. For example, the study revealed that the export of pepper beans from Indonesia to the United Stated is in the lost opportunity position, and to Vietnam and Singapore are in the falling star position. A similar situation occurs for pepper powder where Indonesia’s export to Japan, Netherlands, and Germany are all in the falling star position. Such situations are caused by some challenges Indonesian pepper exports face, including the fulfillment of the good agriculture practices (GAP) in the upstream sector and compliance to international standards.

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Travel service exports as comparative advantage in South Africa

South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences ◽

10.4102/sajems.v14i2.146 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 210-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Johan Fourie

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Rapid Rate ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Comparative Performance ◽

Services Sector ◽

Left Behind ◽

The Past ◽

Travel Services ◽

Service Export

World service exports have grown at a rapid rate over the past few decades. While some countries have benefited from the surge in service exports, others have been left behind. This paper provides a snapshot of South Africa’s comparative performance in service exports, using a new measure of revealed comparative advantage, the normalised revealed comparative advantage (NRCA). Countries are ranked according to their performance in 10 service export sectors. South Africa is found to reveal a strong comparative advantage in travel service exports (tourism). A discussion of the travel services sector follows, with historical, theoretical and empirical evidence to support the NRCA findings.

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Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Kopi Indonesia Di Pasar Internasional

Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan ◽

10.24912/jmbk.v2i4.4863 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Felicitas Parnadi Dan Riris Loisa

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Secondary Data ◽

International Market ◽

Series Data ◽

Dependency Ratio ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Quantitative Analysis Method

This study aims to analyze and know how the level of competitiveness of Indonesian coffee exports in the International Market. The study was conducted using secondary data from various sources, including from BPS (BPS, 2016), Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, International Coffee Organization, 2016) and AEKI (2016). Secondary data used in the form of time series data in the period of 7 years (2010-2016). Coffee is the object of research is all types of coffee. The data analysis method uses quantitative analysis method which is used to analyze the level of competitiveness of Indonesian coffee commodity exports in international market which include: Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Import Dependency Ratio (IDR), and Index of Market Specialization (ISP). Data processing will be done using Microsoft Excel 2013 software.Based on the analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) value, from 2010-2016 of 3.57, Indonesia has a comparative advantage in the coffee trade in the international market. However, the comparative advantage of Indonesia is still low compared to Colombia, Vietnam and Brazil, although still higher than India. The level of dependence on Indonesian coffee imports is calculated by using Import Dependency Ratio (IDR) of 1.42 percent. Indonesian coffee has a high competitiveness, as the value of the Indonesian Trade Specialty Index (ISP) of 0.91. This indicates that Indonesia is an exporting country for coffee commodities. Positive ISP results greater than 0 indicate that Indonesia's coffee commodity has a strong competitiveness, because the value of Indonesian coffee exports is greater than the value of Indonesian coffee imports.

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