scholarly journals Pengaruh Pendinginan Daerah Perakaran terhadap Produksi Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) di dalam Rumah Tanaman Kawasan Tropika

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Wenny Amaliah ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Herry Suhardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Cooling Pipe ◽  
Substrate Medium

ABSTRACTCultivation of chili plants in the tropical greenhouse requires cooling as a solution of high temperature inside the greenhouse. One of the cooling system can be applied is root zone cooling. The aim of this research is to apply root zone cooling system to cultivation of chili plant in tropical greenhouse with substrate system, and to know the influence root zone cooling system on growth and productivity of chili plant. Plants are cultivated with a hydroponics substrate system using a drip irrigation system where the cooling pipe is buried inside the substrate medium. First treatment is cooling the root zone with cooled water and the substrate temperature of root zone cooling was 14.1-26.9 0C (CH treatment). Second treatment is cooling the root zone with no cooled water (ambient temperature), and the substrate temperature was 24.8-34.2 0C (NC treatment). The air temperature inside greenhouse was 29.4 0C and 24.7 0C, day and night. Due to lack of intensity of sunlight into the greenhouse, the plants sustain etiolating. However CH treatment produced higher fruit weight per plant compared with NC treatment. The weight of fruit per plant is 873.60 g and 546.00 g, for CH and NC respectively. The fruit size in the CH treatment also produced longer and heavier fruits than the NC treatment.Keywords: hydroponics of pepper, productivity, root temperatureABSTRAKBudidaya tanaman cabai di dalam rumah tanaman daerah beriklim tropis membutuhkan pendinginan sebagai solusi tingginya suhu udara di dalam rumah tanaman. Pendinginan yang dapat diterapkan salah satunya yaitu dengan pendinginan terbatas di daerah perakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan teknik pendinginan daerah perakaran pada budidaya tanaman cabai di dalam rumah tanaman iklim tropika basah dengan sistem substrat, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendinginan daerah perakaran pada pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman cabai. Tanaman dibudidayakan dengan sistem hidroponik substrat dan sistem irigasi tetes yang di dalam media tanam dibenamkan pipa pendingin. Perlakuan pertama adalah pendinginan daerah perakaran dengan air yang didinginkan dan suhu media tanam yang didinginkan berkisar antara 14.1-26.9 0C (perlakuan CH). Perlakuan kedua adalah pendinginan daerah perakaran dengan air yang tidak didinginkan (suhu lingkungan) dengan kisaran suhu media tanam sebesar 24.8-34.2 0C (perlakuan NC), dengan suhu udara rata-rata 29.4 0C pada siang hari dan 24.7 0C pada malam hari. Tanaman mengalami etiolasi akibat kurangnya intensitas cahaya matahari yang masuk ke dalam rumah tanaman. Perlakuan CH menghasilkan bobot buah per tanaman yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NC. Bobot buah per tanaman sebesar 873.60 g dan 546.00 g, untuk CH dan NC berturut-turut. Ukuran buah pun pada perlakuan CH menghasilkan buah yang lebih panjang dan lebih berat dari pada perlakuan NC.Kata kunci: hidroponik cabai, produktivitas, suhu zona perakaran

scholarly journals DINÂMICA DA OBSTRUÇÃO DE EMISSORES USADOS NA CULTURA DA UVA UTILIZANDO ÁGUA SALINA DE POÇO SUBTERRANEO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
ROBERTO CASTRO NASCIMENTO ◽  
PEDRO ROBINSON FERNANDES DE MEDEIROS ◽  
GABIANE SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
ELTON CARLOS PEREIRA VIEIRA DE ALENCAR TELES ◽  
DAYANE RODRIGUES GONÇALVES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Country Club

DINÂMICA DA OBSTRUÇÃO DE EMISSORES USADOS NA CULTURA DA UVA UTILIZANDO ÁGUA SALINA DE POÇO SUBTERRANEO  ROBERTO CASTRO NASCIMENTO1; PEDRO ROBINSON FERNANDES DE MEDEIROS2; GABIANE SOUZA SANTOS1; ELTON CARLOS PEREIRA VIEIRA DE ALENCAR TELES1; DAYANE RODRIGUES GONÇALVES1 E ANA PRISCILA FELIX MARTINS2 1Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – Campus Juazeiro, Av. Antonio Carlos Magalhães, 510 Country Club, CEP: 48.902-300 – Juazeiro, BA. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – Campus Juazeiro, Av. Antonio Carlos Magalhães, 510 Country Club, CEP: 48.902-300 – Juazeiro, BA. [email protected]  1 RESUMO A irrigação localizada envolve os sistemas onde a água é aplicada diretamente sobre a região da raiz, em pequenas intensidades, mas com alta freqüência, a fim de manter a umidade do solo na zona radicular próxima à capacidade de campo, sendo de grande importância no cenário agrícola brasileiro, com aplicações voltadas principalmente para a fruticultura, horticultura e fertirrigação. Os sistemas de irrigação localizada de alta frequência são os mais afetados pela obstrução dos emissores decorrente da contaminação da água. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a obstrução de emissores em um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento usado na cultura da uva por 5 anos, com fertirrigação, utilizando água salina de poço profundo, afim de apontar possíveis causas e sugerir soluções que permitam o uso otimizado da água de irrigação. Como referência, os tubos gotejadores inicialmente foram submetidos a 360 h de irrigação com água do Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto de Juazeiro-BA (SAAE) e posteriormente com água do Rio São Francisco.  O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Irrigação, no Campus de Juazeiro/BA, da UNIVASF. A estatística foi à descritiva, por medidas de tendência central e por medidas de dispersão de dados. Como principais resultados têm-se que os emissores com cinco anos de uso na fertirrigação, apresentaram inicialmente um grau de entupimento de 16,5%, bem superior se comparado com o mesmo tubo gotejador novo, em torno de 7%; com um aumento nos valores para 18% e 11%, respectivamente. Foi verificado que a água salina causou uma obstrução parcial maior que a água tratada do abastecimento. PALAVRAS CHAVE: grau de entupimento, água salina, uniformidade de aplicação.  NASCIMENTO, R. C.; MEDEIROS, P. R. F.; SANTOS, G. S.; TELES, E. C. P. V. A.; GONÇALVES, D. R.; MARTINS, A. P. F.DYNAMICS OF OBSTRUCTION OF THE ISSUER USED IN GRAPE CULTURE USING SALINE WATER WELL UNDERGROUND    2 ABSTRACT The drip irrigation involves irrigation systems where water is applied directly to the root area in small intensities, but with high frequency in order to maintain soil moisture in the root zone close to field capacity, and is of great importance in the Brazilian agricultural scenario, with applications geared mainly for fruits, vegetables and fertigation. High frequency localized irrigation systems are the most affected by obstruction of emitter due to water contamination. This study evaluated the emitters obstruction in a drip irrigation system used in wine growing for 5 years, with fertigation using saline water from deep well, in order to identify possible causes and suggest solutions to the optimal use of water irrigation. As reference, the drip irrigation system was subject to 360 h of irrigation with water and then with SAAE water from São Francisco River. The work was developed in the Irrigation Laboratory in the campus of Juazeiro / BA, UNIVASF. Statistical analysis was descriptive, for measures of central tendency and data dispersion measures. And the main results is that for the issuing company with five years of use in fertigation, initially, the proportion was 16.5% clogging, much higher compared to the same new dripline, around 7%; with 18% and 11% increase in  values for, respectively. It has been found that the saline water caused a partial obstruction greater than that of the treated water supply. Keywords: degree of clogging, salt water, uniformity of application.

Development of a Low-cost Drip Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. Lasisi ◽  
O. D. Isinkaye ◽  
B. O. Fati
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Problematic Soils ◽  
Runoff Losses

The localized irrigation is the artificial application of water to the root zone of plants for the purpose of supplying the essential moisture requirement for plant growth. The system makes the production and availability of food crops, citrus and vegetables possible throughout the year on small and medium scale basis at an affordable cost. In places and periods of water scarcity, low-cost drip irrigation can be used for the economic growing of vegetables, citrus and food crops all –round the year. This paper aimed at developing a low-cost drip irrigation system to empower the small and medium scale farmers to produce crops during offseason at minimum operational cost with less human efforts. The field area of 126.4 m2 was properly cleared, stumped, ploughed, harrowed and leveled. The leveling was carried out to allow unobstructed flow and evenly distribution of water to the root of plants. The system does not only reduce water loss but also conserve water during the period of scarcity. The controlled moisture available to the plant at low soil tension results in faster growth, higher yields, better quality and more environmentally and health friendly. The system improves the penetration of water into problematic soils and reduces substantially deep percolation and runoff losses. The system also saves water, money, time and makes provision for all- season farming. The topography of the field was flat with its suitable soil texture, texture, retention capacity and pump for this work was designed and selected to be 1 hp. The system was developed using a simple principle of water flow through gravity to drip out water at regulated interval to irrigate farmland. The drum has 214 litres capacity and 121 emitters. The total cost of production was estimated to be ₦50, 790 which is affordable by small and medium scale farmers.

scholarly journals Analysis of Heat Transfer in Cooling Pipe for Root Zone Cooling System

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nurbaiti Araswati ◽  
◽  
Herry Suhardiyanto ◽  
Mohamad Solahudin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Pipe

scholarly journals Development and characterization of intraspecific hybrids derived from Cucumis melo L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
BR Choudhary ◽  
Dhurendra Singh ◽  
PL Saroj
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

An intraspecific hybridization programme among Cucumis species involving eight genetically diverse parents of C. melo L. varietal group viz., IC-0599709, Punjab Sunehri, Pusa Madhuras, Kashi Madhu (C. melo L.), AHK-119 (C. melo var. callosus), AHLM-2 (C. melo var. utilissimus), AHS-82 (C. melo var. momordica) and Arya-1 (C. melo var. chate) were undertaken. Among the dessertic F1 hybrids, IC-0599709 × Punjab Sunehri resulted best with respect to first fruit harvest (73.33 days), fruit weight (938.00 g), fruit diameter (11.90 cm), flesh thickness (3.07 cm), total soluble solids (9.73%) and flesh colour (salmon orange). F2 population of AHK-119 × Kashi Madhu produced maximum number of marketable fruits per plant (11.2) weighing 350.00 g in 86.1 days. It was also found to be tolerant to high temperature. The F2 population of AHK-119 × Kashi Madhu were found to be tolerant to high temperature. The existing variability among the parents, intra-specific crosses and segregating generations for fruit (size, shape, colour), yield and quality parameters could be exploited to develop new segregants with desirable traits.

scholarly journals Root-zone Cooling Evaluation Using Heat Pump for Greenhouse Strawberry Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeoki Moritani ◽  
Hirotada Nanjo ◽  
Atsushi Itou ◽  
Teruki Imai
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Irrigation Channel ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Over The Top

Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) have been used to chill water to facilitate cooling of ‘Natsuakari’ strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) grown within containers during the summer. Two types of soil containers and cooling systems have been considered. In one system, cold-water tubes were placed under as well as over the top of the soil, whereas the other cooling system used cold water passing through tubes placed under the soil and within the irrigation channel to facilitate bottom irrigation. The cooling efficiency of each system was evaluated by observing temperature relationships between greenhouse air and soil. The relationship was represented by means of an elliptic curve, the geometric center and tilt angle of which indicated representative daily soil temperatures and degree of temperature stability, respectively. Both values were observed to be lower for the bottom irrigation system during the two plant growth periods considered in this study, thereby indicating that colder and relatively constant soil temperatures can be maintained via greater heat convection. This greater cooling method was facilitated by rapid transfer of cold water through the bottom irrigation channel into the root zone, resulting from reduction in soil moisture content induced by plant transpiration in addition to heat conduction from the soil to the cooling tube. Measured soil temperatures for the buried-tube system were observed to be coldest when the tube was chilled considerably (9.4 °C). Although the setup of the considered bottom watering system was rather sensitive in that the system required maintenance of a constant water level throughout the container, both systems effectively produced cooler soil temperatures compared with the case in which no GSHP was used.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effectiveness of Variable-Rate Drip Irrigation on Water Use Efficiency in a Vineyard in Northern Italy

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortuani ◽  
Facchi ◽  
Mayer ◽  
Bianchi ◽  
Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Drip Irrigation System

Although many studies in the literature illustrate the numerous devices and methodologies nowadays existing for assessing the spatial variability within agricultural fields, and indicate the potential for variable-rate irrigation (VRI) in vineyards, only very few works deal with the implementation of VRI systems to manage such heterogeneity, and these studies are usually conducted in experimental fields for research aims. In this study, a VR drip irrigation system was designed for a 1-ha productive vineyard in Northern Italy and managed during the agricultural season 2018, to demonstrate feasibility and effectiveness of a water supply differentiated according to the spatial variability detected in field. Electrical resistivity maps obtained by means of an electro-magnetic induction sensor were used to detect four homogeneous zones with similar soil properties. In each zone, a soil profile was opened, and soil samples were taken and analyzed in laboratory. Two irrigation management zones (MZs) were identified by grouping homogeneous zones on the basis of their hydrological properties, and an irrigation prescription map was built consistently with the total available water (TAW) content in the root zone of the two MZs. The designed drip irrigation system consisted of three independent sectors: the first two supplied water to the two MZs, while the third sector (reference sector) was managed following the farmer’s habits. During the season, irrigation in the first two sectors was fine-tuned using information provided by soil moisture probes installed in each sector. Results showed a reduction of water use by 18% compared to the ‘reference’ sector without losses in yield and product quality, and a grape’s maturation more homogeneous in time.

APPLICATION OF THE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR CULTIVATION OF POTATOES IN THE MOSCOW REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
V. I. BALABANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Mother Tuber ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Constant Rate

The article analyzes the indicators of the gross harvest of potatoes in the Moscow region in recent years. It has been proven that an increase in acreage does not always lead to an increase in gross harvest. It is equally important to provide comfortable conditions for the growth and development of plants. Precipitation in the Moscow region in the spring and summer period falls extremely unevenly: days with heavy rains forming a layer of precipitation of tens of millimeters alternate with non-precipitating days and weeks. The necessity of additional irrigation to create an optimal water – air balance for the development of plants is substantiated and the advantages of using drip irrigation for these purpose which allows the delivery of irrigation water directly to the root zone of the plant are estimated. It is recommended to combine operations on the formation of potato ridges with the laying of a drip tape since in the initial period of development the plant has enough moisture reserves of the mother tuber and additional watering is not required. The design of the drip tape stacker based on the Grimme GF-75/4 ridge former has been developed to increase the degree of mechanization when laying the drip tape. At a working speed of 3.2…5.5 km/h the productivity of the machine was 0.51…0.97 ha/h. In the course of further research the irrigation rate was calculated taking into account the elliptical shape of the humidification contour which made it possible to exclude excessive watering. After the installation of the drip irrigation system, irrigation was carried out at a constant rate when the moisture capacity reached 70% of the uultimate field moisture capacity with the adjustment of the time between irrigations. The use of the drip irrigation system made it possible to increase the yield of potatoes of the varieties Red Scarlett and Zhukovsky Early by 26.5% … 28%, respectively.

scholarly journals Potassium Fertigation Requirements of Drip-irrigated Strawberry

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl E. Albregts ◽  
George J. Hochnmth ◽  
Craig K. Chandler ◽  
John Cornell ◽  
Jay Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Petiole Sap ◽  
K Fertilization

`Oso Grande' and `Sweet Charlie' strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in 1991-92 and `Oso Grande' and `Seascape' in 1992-93 were grown in a K fertilization study using polyethylene-mulched and fumigated beds. Potassium was injected weekly into the drip irrigation system at 0.28,0.56,0.84, 1.12, and 1.40 kg K/ha per day. Early, March, and total-season marketable fruit yields were not affected by K rate during either season. The average fruit weight of `Oso Grande' for the early, March, and total-season harvest periods in the 1992-93 season decreased with increased K rate. For the same harvest periods, `Seascape' average fruit weight increased, decreased, and did not change, respectively, with increased K rate. Cull fruit yield during both seasons and fruit firmness during the 1992-93 season were not affected by K rate. Petiole sap, whole leaf, and leaf blade K concentrations increased with increasing K rates on most sampling dates during both seasons. `Oso Grande' and `Sweet Charlie' produced similar total marketable fruit yields the first season, but `Oso Grande' produced higher total yields than `Seascape' during all harvest periods of the second season.

scholarly journals Impacts of Fertigation via Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation on Growth Rate of Rockmelon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Fazilah Fazlil Ilahi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Fertigation is one of the most important application of irrigation that are being used in commercial farming. This aplication help farmers to timely supply the water through drip irrigation coupled with accurate amout of water, rate of fertilizer application, and at the same time improving the nutrient uptake and water use efficiency (WUE) by the plant. The water supply through surface and subsurface drip irrigation system is the most efficient irrigation practice compared to others.Water supply from subsurface drip irrigation system is directly into the root zone, while for surface drip irrigation, water is supplied above the root zone. However, the use of surface drip irrigation system can cause the irrigation water easily evaporate to environment and reduce the WUE by plant. Rockmelon (cucumis melo) was selected as plant material in this study. Rockmelon is one of the plant that contain sweet and juicy along with other nutritional value. It also has commercial interest in a number of countries, including Europe, the United States, Mediterranean and Asia. The objectives of the study were to observe the different growth rate of rockmelon between surface and subsurface drip irrigation as well as to observe the efficiency of irrigation. This study was conducted under the rain shelter at Unit Fertigasi Projek Keusahawanan Ladang 10, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). There were two treatments of irrigation tested, surface drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation. Data collection include leaf diameter, leaf length and fruit circumferences. The effect of irrigation on growth performance of rockmelon were observe during week one and week six and was analyzed with Statistically Analysis System (SAS). The result of this study showed that, the growth for surface drip irrigation is higher compared to subsurface drip irrigation and both of the treatments achieved 25% of irrigation application efficiency.

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