scholarly journals Response of Corn Varieties under Saturated Soil Culture and Temporary Flooding in Tidal Swamp

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Arlingga Ichwan Maulana ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Iskandar Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Main Plot

Corn is one of the important food crops and feeds in the world. Conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land is one of the major causes of the decline in corn production. Saturated soil culture (SSC) is a cultivation technology that gives continuous irrigation and maintains water depth constantly and makes soil layer in saturated condition. This technology can prevent pyrite oxidation in the tidal swamp. This research aimed to study the effect of temporary fl ooding under saturated soil culture on the growth and productivity of corn. The research was conducted at Karya Bhakti village, Rantau Rasau, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi Province, Indonesia. The experiment used a split plot design with three replications. The main plot is fl ooding condition, consisted of 1) saturated soil condition continuously, from planting until harvesting time (as control), and 2) saturated soil condition from 0 to 10 DAP (Days after Planting) + fl ooding from 11 to 13 DAP + saturated soil condition from 14 to 28 DAP + fl ooding from 29-31 DAP + saturated soil condition from 32 DAP until harvesting time. The subplot is corn variety, “Sukmaraga”, “Bisma”, “Pioneer 27”, and “Bima 20”. “Pioneer 27” had the highest productivity of 9.33 t.ha-1. Corn varieties with moderate tolerance to temporary fl ooding were “Sukmaraga” and “Bisma”, whereas “Pioneer 27” and “Bima 20” are sensitive to fl ooding.

scholarly journals POLA SERAPAN HARA DAN PERTUMBUHAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI DENGAN BUDIDAYA JENUH AIR DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danner Sagala ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Tidal Swamps ◽  
Plot Design

Saturated soil culture (SSC) technology appropriate to prevent pyrite oxidation on tidal swamps and has been proved to increase the productivity of soybean on non-tidal swamp. The objective of the research was to determine the growth response of soybean varieties under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps. The research was conducted at Banyu Urip, Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin District, and South Sumatera Province, Indonesia from April to August 2009. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main-plot of the experiment was water depth in the furrow consisted of 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm under soil surface (USS). The subplot of the experiments was soybean varieties consisted of Tanggamus, Slamet, Wilis, and Anjasmoro. No-watering was arranged out of the design as a comparison. The result showed that nutrient absorption of N, K and Mn by Tanggamus was higher than those of other varieties, except K, however K absorption of Tanggamus was not significantly different from Anjasmoro. P and Fe absorption of Tangamus tended to be higher than the other varieties, although statistically they were not affected by variety. However, technically and economically, 20 cm USS was the most appropriate water depth for soybean production at tidal swamps.

scholarly journals Optimasi produksi kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr) melalui aplikasi pupuk hayati dan budidaya jenuh air di lahan rawa

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bariot HAFIF ◽  
Laksmita Prima SANTI
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

AbstractTidal swampland is a marginal land that has significant potentials for the development of food crops, although its exploration will face several constraints such as low pH, high content of iron (Fe2+), low phosphorus (P), shallow pyrite (FeS2) layer, high salinity, and excess water. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofertilizer and saturated soil cultivation in improving nutrient use efficiency and productivity of soybean in the tidal swamp. The field experiment was arranged in a splitsplit plot design with 2 x 3 x 4 treatments and 3 replications respectively. The treatment in the main plot was soybean cultivation techniques (B) consisting of farmer’s cultivation method (B1) and saturated soil cultivation (B2). The subplot treatment was soybean superior varieties consisting of Anjasmoro (V1), Argomulyo (V2) and Grobogan (V3) and the sub-subplot treatment was fertilization (P) consisting of a 100% of standard dose of NPK (P1) and the use of biological fertilizers (1 kg) combined with NPK; 100% of standard dose (P2), 75% of the standard dose (P3), and 50% of the standard dose (P4) per hectare. The results showed that Bradyrhizobium japonicum R6 and Aeromonas punctata RJM3020 as an active ingredient of biofertilizer was effective to reduce chemical fertilizer NPK up to 50% of the standard dose commonly applied to soybean cultivation by farmers. Anjasmoro varieties treated with this biofertilizer and combined with 50% of standard dosages of NPK could produce up to 2.798 kg of dry beans/ha under saturated soil cultivation.Keywords: soybean, biofertilizer, saturated soil cultivation, tidal swamp Abstrak Lahan rawa pasang surut merupakan lahan marginal yang memiliki potensi cukup besar untuk pengembangan pertanian tanaman pangan, meskipun dalam pemberdayaannya berhadapan dengan beberapa kendala seperti pH tanah rendah, kandungan besi (Fe2+) tinggi, kandungan fosfor (P) rendah, lapisan pirit (FeS2) relatif dangkal, kadar salinitas tinggi, dan volume air berlebih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji kemampuan pupuk hayati dan budidaya jenuh air dalam memperbaiki efisiensi penggunaan hara dan produktivitas kedelai di lahan rawa pasang surut. Percobaan lapang menggunakan rancangan petak-petak terpisah dengan perlakuan 2 x 3 x 4 dan masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Sebagai petak utama ialah teknik budidaya kedelai (B) yang terdiri atas budidaya cara petani (B1) dan budidaya jenuh air (B2). Perlakuan pada anak petak yaitu kedelai varietas unggul baru (VUB) yang terdiri atas Anjasmoro (V1), Argomulyo (V2) dan Grobogan (V3). Sedangkan perlakuan pada anak-anak petak adalah pemupukan (P) yang terdiri atas NPK 100% dosis standar (P1), dan penggunaan 1 kg pupuk hayati yang dikombinasi dengan NPK; 100% dosis standar (P2), 75% dosis standar (P3), dan 50% dosis standar (P4) per hektar. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan peng-gunaan Bradyrhizobium japonicum R6 dan Aeromonas punctata RJM3020 sebagai bahan aktif pupuk hayati dapat menghemat penggunaan pupuk kimia NPK sampai dengan 50% dari dosis standar yang biasa diaplikasikan petani untuk budidaya kedelai. Di dalam sistem budidaya jenuh air, kedelai varietas Anjasmoro yang diperlakukan dengan pupuk hayati dengan kombinasinya menggunakan pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis standar dapat menghasilkan biji kering sampai dengan 2.798 kg/ha. Kata kunci: kedelai, pupuk hayati, budidaya  jenuh air, lahan rawa pasang surut 

scholarly journals The Study of Organic Fertilizers Application on Two Soybean Varieties in Organic Saturated Soil Culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Sandra Arifin Aziz ◽  
Maya Melati ◽  
Elrisa Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

Indonesia is facing soybean shortage and the low productivity of soybean production from decreasing acreage. Saturated soil culture (SSC) could be one of the solutions for marginal land with drainage problem. Saturated soil culture is cultivation technology that gives continuous irrigation and maintains water depth constantly and makes soil layer in saturated condition. Farmers can use on-farm inputs that are normally available at the production site. An organic farming system may be able to ensure local and regional food security through continuous production. The study was conducted at Cikarawang Experimental Station of Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia, from December 2009 to February 2011. The objective of the research was to determine the influence of organic fertilizer application on the productivity of two varieties of soybean, “Anjasmoro” and “Wilis”,    in organic saturated soil culture conducted in two cropping seasons. Prior to the experiment all plots were applied with 2 ton.ha-1 of dolomite, 2 ton.ha-1 of rice hull ash, and 10 ton.ha-1 of chicken manure. The experiment of the first season used split plot design with six replications. The main-plot was organic fertilizer that consisted of chicken manure only (20 ton.ha-1), chicken manure (10 t.ha-1) + Centrosema pubescens (4.2 t.ha-1), chicken manure (10 ton.ha-1) + Tithonia diversifolia (4.2 t.ha-1). The sub-plot was soybean varieties “Anjasmoro” and “Wilis”. The soybean productivity was not affected by the application of organic fertilizers. “Willis” productivity (1.98 t.ha-1) was higher than “Anjasmoro” (1.80 t.ha-1). The experiment of second season used split-split plot design with three replications. The main-plot consisted of 50 and 100% fertilizer rate of the first cropping season; the sub-plot was the same types of organic fertilizer with soybean varieties as sub-sub-plot. Rate of fertilizer, types of organic fertilizer and soybean variety did not affect productivity. Application of 50 and 100% rate of fertilizer in the second season produced 2.41 and 2.55 t.ha-1 of dry seeds, respectively. Soybean plants treated with chicken manure, green manure from C. pubescens and T. diversifolia produced 2.45, 2.50 and 2.49 t.ha-1 of dry seeds, respectively. “Anjasmoro” and “Wilis” produced 2.50 and 2.45 t.ha-1 of dry seeds, respectively. Productivity in the second season was 26.26-36.61% higher than those of the first cropping season.

scholarly journals Optimasi produksi kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr) melalui aplikasi pupuk hayati dan budidaya jenuh air di lahan rawa

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bariot HAFIF ◽  
Laksmita Prima SANTI
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

AbstractTidal swampland is a marginal land that has significant potentials for the development of food crops, although its exploration will face several constraints such as low pH, high content of iron (Fe2+), low phosphorus (P), shallow pyrite (FeS2) layer, high salinity, and excess water. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofertilizer and saturated soil cultivation in improving nutrient use efficiency and productivity of soybean in the tidal swamp. The field experiment was arranged in a splitsplit plot design with 2 x 3 x 4 treatments and 3 replications respectively. The treatment in the main plot was soybean cultivation techniques (B) consisting of farmer’s cultivation method (B1) and saturated soil cultivation (B2). The subplot treatment was soybean superior varieties consisting of Anjasmoro (V1), Argomulyo (V2) and Grobogan (V3) and the sub-subplot treatment was fertilization (P) consisting of a 100% of standard dose of NPK (P1) and the use of biological fertilizers (1 kg) combined with NPK; 100% of standard dose (P2), 75% of the standard dose (P3), and 50% of the standard dose (P4) per hectare. The results showed that Bradyrhizobium japonicum R6 and Aeromonas punctata RJM3020 as an active ingredient of biofertilizer was effective to reduce chemical fertilizer NPK up to 50% of the standard dose commonly applied to soybean cultivation by farmers. Anjasmoro varieties treated with this biofertilizer and combined with 50% of standard dosages of NPK could produce up to 2.798 kg of dry beans/ha under saturated soil cultivation.Keywords: soybean, biofertilizer, saturated soil cultivation, tidal swamp Abstrak Lahan rawa pasang surut merupakan lahan marginal yang memiliki potensi cukup besar untuk pengembangan pertanian tanaman pangan, meskipun dalam pemberdayaannya berhadapan dengan beberapa kendala seperti pH tanah rendah, kandungan besi (Fe2+) tinggi, kandungan fosfor (P) rendah, lapisan pirit (FeS2) relatif dangkal, kadar salinitas tinggi, dan volume air berlebih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji kemampuan pupuk hayati dan budidaya jenuh air dalam memperbaiki efisiensi penggunaan hara dan produktivitas kedelai di lahan rawa pasang surut. Percobaan lapang menggunakan rancangan petak-petak terpisah dengan perlakuan 2 x 3 x 4 dan masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Sebagai petak utama ialah teknik budidaya kedelai (B) yang terdiri atas budidaya cara petani (B1) dan budidaya jenuh air (B2). Perlakuan pada anak petak yaitu kedelai varietas unggul baru (VUB) yang terdiri atas Anjasmoro (V1), Argomulyo (V2) dan Grobogan (V3). Sedangkan perlakuan pada anak-anak petak adalah pemupukan (P) yang terdiri atas NPK 100% dosis standar (P1), dan penggunaan 1 kg pupuk hayati yang dikombinasi dengan NPK; 100% dosis standar (P2), 75% dosis standar (P3), dan 50% dosis standar (P4) per hektar. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan peng-gunaan Bradyrhizobium japonicum R6 dan Aeromonas punctata RJM3020 sebagai bahan aktif pupuk hayati dapat menghemat penggunaan pupuk kimia NPK sampai dengan 50% dari dosis standar yang biasa diaplikasikan petani untuk budidaya kedelai. Di dalam sistem budidaya jenuh air, kedelai varietas Anjasmoro yang diperlakukan dengan pupuk hayati dengan kombinasinya menggunakan pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis standar dapat menghasilkan biji kering sampai dengan 2.798 kg/ha. Kata kunci: kedelai, pupuk hayati, budidaya  jenuh air, lahan rawa pasang surut 

scholarly journals The Physiological responses of four soybean varieties and their effect to the yield in several saturated soil culture modification

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyip ◽  
MUNIF GHULAMAHDI ◽  
DIDY SOPANDIE ◽  
SANDRA A AZIZ ◽  
ATANG SUTANDI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract. Toyip, Ghulamahdi M, Sopandie D, Aziz SA, Sutandi A, Purwanto MYJ. 2019. Physiological responses of four soybean varieties and their effect to the yield in several saturated soil culture modification. Biodiversitas 20: 2266-2272. This study aimed to evaluate the production and physiological response of four soybean varieties in saturated soil culture (SSC), compared to conventional dry culture on tidal swamp soil growing media. Four popular varieties in Indonesia, namely Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Tanggamus and Malika, were planted on undisturbed intact tidal swamp soil from Jambi from November 2016 to March 2017 at Bogor. Randomized completely block design with two factors applied in this work, i.e. 4 varieties namely Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Tanggamus and Malika; and 9 culture methods such as dry culture as control of no SSC (i), 1 months SSC (ii), 1.5 months SSC (iii), 2 months SSC (iv), continuous SSC (v), 1 months SSC with water improvement (vi), 1.5 months SSC with water improvement (vii), 2 months SSC with water improvement (viii), and continuous SSC with water improvement (ix). The results showed that (i) pod production per plant was significantly affected by the interaction of both factors; (ii) different varieties lead to significant different of physiological response, i.e. photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency; (iii) the variation of culture methods only showed a significant effect on photosynthetic rate, i.e. saturated soil culture with water improvement (SSC WI) showed 48% and 18% higher photosynthetic rate than dry culture and regular SSC methods, respectively. Pod production was positively correlated to photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency; and negatively correlated to transpiration and stomatal conductance. The highest number of pod production per plant was achieved by Malika variety that planted in 2 months SSC WI.

scholarly journals Ameliorasi Rizosfer Kedelai Menggunakan Jerami, Abu Sekam, dan Dolomit

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Siti Ria Chaerunisa ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Iskandar Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Tidal Swamp

Successful saturated soil culture practices in tidal land to increase soybean production needs to be supported by amelioration. The rhizosphere is an area where the intensive reciprocal relationship between plants, soil, and soil microorganisms occured. However, the effect of amelioration through the rhizosphere is still unclear. This research aimed to study the effect of amelioration using rice straw, rice husk ash, and dolomite on the rhizosphere on the growth and production of soybean. The research was conducted in tidal swamp land type B overflow from May to August 2019. The experimental design used was a split-split plot design with rice straw, rice husk ash, and dolomite as the main plot, subplots, and sub subplots, respectively. Rice straw was applied by embedding in the soil, while rice husk ash and dolomite were applied to the rhizosphere during planting. The observations included plant biomass dry weight, leaf nutrient concentration of P, Fe, and Al, number of filled pods, and soybean productivity. The application of rice husk ash with rice straw or with dolomite increased soybean growth and production. The combination of 400 kg ha-1 of rice husk ash and 4 ton ha-1 of rice straw yielded the highest productivity with the value of 2.94 ton ha-1. Keywords: abiotic stresses, rhizosphere, saturated soil culture, tidal land

scholarly journals UJI ADAPTASI BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI DI LAHAN SALIN DENGAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA JENUH AIR

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Danner Sagala ◽  
Eka Suzanna ◽  
Prihanani Prihanani ◽  
Julian Nero
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Saline Land ◽  
Culture Technology

The objectives of the research were to find a variety well adapt in saline land and to know effect of saturated soil culture on growth and production of soybean. The research was conducted in saline land Bengkulu City from April to October 2012. The experiment was arranged in split plot randomized design. The main plot was culture technology consisted of conventional and saturrated soil culture. The sub plot was soybean variety consisted of tanggamus, slamet, wilis, Anjasmoro, Seulawah, and Sibayak. The result showed that growth and production of all varieties on conventional technology were lower than saturated soil culture. The well adapt Variety was anjasmoro.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Hasil Padi di Tanah Sulfat Masam melalui Kombinasi Perlakuan Lindi dan Olah Tanah

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isdijanto Ar-Riza ◽  
M. Alwi ◽  
Nurita ,
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<p>ABSTRACT<br /> <br />Tidal swamp lands containing acid sulphate is easily become idle land, which can be fixed by reducing oxidation process of pyrite (FeS2). The pyrite oxidation causes disturbance on the growth and yield of rice plant. An experiment was conducted by means soil leaching in order to reduce accumulation of pyrites. The research had been conducted in Simpang Jaya village, Barito Kuala District in 2012 using a split plot design with three replications. As the main plot was leaching, and no leaching treatment, while as the subplot was soil tillage, i.e., 1) control, 2) weeds cleared without tillage, 3) soil tillage at a depth of 15 cm, and 4) soil tillage at a depth of 30 cm. The results showed that the leaching treatment combined with tillage at a depth of 15 cm or 30 cm increased the number of rice tillers, shoot dry weight, and number of panicles per hill, and number of seeds per hill, thus the leaching treatment was able to increase rice production.</p><p>Keywords: acid sulphate, leaching, pyrite, tidal swamp land</p>

scholarly journals Response of Five Soybean Varieties under Saturated Soil Culture and Temporary Flooding on Tidal Swamp

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Siti Ria Chaerunisa ◽  
Iskandar Lubis ◽  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Tidal Swamp

scholarly journals Effects of disk tillage on soil condition, crop yield and weed infestation

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. Birkás ◽  
T. Szalai ◽  
C. Gyuricza ◽  
M. Gecse ◽  
K. Bordás
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

This research was instigated by the fact that during the last decade annually repeated shallow disk tillage on the same field became frequent practice in Hungary. In order to study the changes of soil condition associated with disk tillage and to assess it is consequences, long-term tillage field experiments with different levels of nutrients were set up in 1991 (A) and in 1994 (B) on Chromic Luvisol at G&ouml;d&ouml;ll&ouml;. The effects of disk tillage (D) and disk tillage combined with loosening (LD) on soil condition, on yield of maize and winter wheat, and on weed infestation were examined. The evaluation of soil condition measured by cone index and bulk density indicated that use of disking annually resulted in a dense soil layer below the disking depth (diskpan-compaction). It was found, that soil condition deteriorated by diskpan-compaction decreased the yield of maize significantly by 20 and 42% (w/w), and that of wheat by 13 and 15% (w/w) when compared to soils with no diskpan-compaction. Averaged over seven years, and three fertilizer levels, the cover % of the total, grass and perennial weeds on loosened soils were 73, 69 and 65% of soils contained diskpan-compaction.

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