scholarly journals Effect of Chitosan on Seed Germination and Biochemical Traits of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) Seedling under Salt Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Mehdi Aghighi Shahverdi ◽  
Heshmat Omidi ◽  
Sayed Esmail Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Biochemical Traits

scholarly journals Evaluation of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) seed germination in relation to seed health and seedling emergence

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Rosińska ◽  
Hanna Dorna ◽  
Dorota Szopińska ◽  
Lidia Irzykowska ◽  
Katarzyna Seidler-Łożykowska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Blotter Paper ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

Summary Introduction: : Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) is an important medicinal plant. Achenes of milk thistle contain sylimarin, protecting liver cells against toxic compounds. Objective: The aim of the research was to find an optimum method of evaluation of milk thistle seed germination. Methods: Ten seed samples were tested. The seeds were germinated: on top of blotter paper, on top of blotter paper after seed disinfection, between pleated blotter paper, in rolled blotter paper and in sand. Germination at the first and final counts, the percentages of abnormal seedlings and dead seeds were determined. The correlation coefficients between seed germination, evaluated with various methods, and seedling emergence were calculated. Moreover, fungi associated with seeds and diseased seedlings were identified. Results: The lowest percentage of normal seedlings was observed after germination on the top of blotter. Highly significant positive correlations were noted between seedling emergence and seed germination at the final count evaluated in rolled paper, between pleated paper and in sand. The fungi from genera: Alternaria, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Verticillium were frequently identified on seeds and seedlings. Conclusions: Infestation with fungi significantly affected milk thistle seed germination and plant emergence. Germination in rolled blotter paper may be recommended for evaluation of milk thistle seed germination, as the most practical and significantly correlated with seedling emergence.

Milk Thistle(Silybum marianum)Seed Germination

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Young ◽  
R. A. Evans ◽  
R. B. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Germination Temperature ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

The germination of seeds (achenes) of milk thistle [Silybum marianum(L.) Gaertn.] was investigated. One month after harvest, milk thistle seeds had afterripening requirements related to germination temperature that limited germination to 10 to 20 C temperatures. The time required to satisfy afterripening requirements was dependent on germination temperature. Generally the higher the incubation temperature during germination, the longer the afterripening requirement (up to a maximum of 5 months). Once afterripening requirements were satisfied, milk thistle seeds germinated over a temperature range of from 0 to 30 C. Optimum germination occurred with 2 to 15 C 16-h cold periods alternating with 10 to 30 C 8-h warm periods. Emergence of milk thistle seedlings decreased with increased burial depth, but substantial emergence occurred from 8 cm. Germination on the surface of the soil or litter was greatly reduced compared to that with slight soil or litter coverage. Potassium nitrate (KNO3) added to the germination substrate at 1.0 mM enhanced the germination of milk thistle seeds at 2 and 5 C incubation temperatures.

scholarly journals Application of nanomaterial graphene oxide on biochemical traits of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) under salinity stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Safikhan ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Reza Chaichi ◽  
Korous Khoshbakht ◽  
Abbas Amini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Biochemical Traits

The pathogen of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) in the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
Ivana Safrankova ◽  
Kolackova P ◽  
Rutivckova G
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
The Czech Republic

Milk thistle is grown in the Czech Republic as a medicinal herb; silymarin is isolated from its achenes and used for the production of liver and gallbladder medicine. The quality and content of the active compound is influenced not only by environmental factors, but also by pests and pathogens. The occurrence of pests of milk thistle variety Silyb was observed in two localities during the years 2011 2013. In the year 2011 the mycoflora of seeds of four milk thistle varieties was determined. Representatives of 15 species were isolated from the seeds, most of them saprophytic. 21 fungal species were isolated and identified from milk thistle plants during the vegetation; Septoria silybi among the most important ones. Possibilities of protection of milt thistle against pathogens are discussed.

scholarly journals MES7 Modulates Seed Germination via Regulating Salicylic Acid Content in Arabidopsis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 903
Author(s):  
Wenrui Gao ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Yaqiu Chen ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Seed germination is an important phase transitional period of angiosperm plants during which seeds are highly sensitive to different environmental conditions. Although seed germination is under the regulation of salicylic acid (SA) and other hormones, the molecular mechanism underlying these regulations remains mysterious. In this study, we determined the expression of SA methyl esterase (MES) family genes during seed germination. We found that MES7 expression decreases significantly in imbibed seeds, and the dysfunction of MES7 decreases SA content. Furthermore, MES7 reduces and promotes seed germination under normal and salt stress conditions, respectively. The application of SA restores the seed germination deficiencies of mes7 mutants under different conditions. Taking together, our observations uncover a MeSA hydrolytic enzyme, MES7, regulates seed germination via altering SA titer under normal and abiotic stress conditions.

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