scholarly journals Kelangsungan Hidup Larva Planula Acropora sp dalam Pemeliharaan Terkontrol Kepadatan yang Berbeda

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Syafyudin Yusuf ◽  
Juniur Rangan ◽  
Esther Sandamanapa
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Coral Larvae ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Container ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Survival

The survival of coral larvae as early phase of coral life is very important for their viability in environmen. This research aims to determine the survival of Acropora sp planula at different densities intensive nursery, and also to khow the critical survival time of them.. This research method was used experiment in density of larvae were held in control laboratory. The planula were rearing ini small container 200 ml of water while the lavae density were used namely 0.5; 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 larvae / ml. The results indicated that survival rate for larvae of different densities (0.5 larvae/ml; 1.0 larvae/ml; 1.5 larvae/ml; 2.0 larvae/m) did not show any significant difference (P>0.05). the highest survival rate of planula larvae was in the treatment with a density of 1.5 larvae/ml and the lowest from a density of 2.0 larvae/ml, and the most larval mortality was in the first 12 hours of rearing, due to the degree of adaptation of larvae to the rearing water medium in all treatment units, then death coral larvae decreased exponentially. This research will be very useful for efforts to restore coral reefs sexually, so as to reduce the impact of exploitation of coral seedlings which are often taken for asexual coral reef restoration as is often done throughout the world's coral reefs.

Impact of obesity upon the survival of cholangiocarcinoma patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 288-288
Author(s):  
Phani Keerthi Surapaneni ◽  
Zhuo Li ◽  
Lalitha Padmanabha Vemireddy ◽  
Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi ◽  
Jason Scott Starr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

288 Background: Obesity is a risk factor for developing cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the effect of obesity on survival of CCA is unclear. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the impact of obesity upon overall survival of CCA patients. Secondary aims were to analyze impact of obesity upon other disease characteristics such as tumor site, stage, age, sex, BMI and Ca 19-9. Methods: A total of 411 unique pts diagnosed with CCA at Mayo Clinic Florida between 2000 and 2018 were retrieved from our collective SDMS database. Variables evaluated included:demographics, Body Mass Index (BMI), AJCC stage, tumor location and Ca 19-9.A total of 185 pts had all data available pertaining to these variables. We further restricted the analysis to pts with intrahepatic CCA classified BMI as per CDC criteria normal (18.5-25kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2), thus leaving a total of 152 pts. Continuous and categorical variables were compared across BMI groups using Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test. Overall survival rates after diagnosis at 1, 2 and 3 years were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among 152 pts included in the study, 28% were normal weight, 40% were overweight and 32% were obese. The overall survival rate at 1, 2 and 3 years for normal weight pts with all stages combined was 54.1%, 35%, and 30.7%, respectively. The overall survival rate at 1, 2 and 3 years for overweight pts with all stages combined was 59.7 %, 32.6%, and 25.4%, respectively. The overall survival rate at 1, 2 and 3 years for obese pts with all stages combined was 63.9%, 37.6%, and 26.7%, respectively(p = 0.8766). Multivariate analysis demonstrated is no significant difference in overall survival for obese pts compared to normal or overweight pts.(Table to be shown) However it showed, gender and Ca19-9 were statistically significant predictors of overall survival, with males and pts with Ca19-9≥100 doing worse (HR1.65 (CI = 1.05, 2.61, p = 0.031) and HR 2.31 (CI = 1.49, 3.59, p = < 0.01), respectively). Conclusions: BMI did not make a significant impact on the overall survival, though there may be a trend toward worse OS for ptswith higher BMI. A larger, stage focused evaluation is warranted for further exploration of this trend.

scholarly journals Effects of Entomopathogenic Fungi on the Biology of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its Reduviid Predator, Rhynocoris marginatus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117954331986711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan Ullah ◽  
Nimra Altaf ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Naunain Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Infected Prey

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs), Isaria fumosorosea and Beauveria bassiana, are efficient biological agents in the management of multiple arthropod pests. In this study, the effects of both EPF species on various life stages of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its natural enemy Rhynocoris marginatus (Fab.) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) were determined under laboratory conditions. I. fumosorosea significantly ( P < .05) reduced the growth rate of the third and fourth instar larvae of S. litura. For relative consumption rate (RCR), the maximum impact was recorded for I. fumosorosea, which reduced the RCR of the larvae. The larvae of S. litura treated with I. fumosorosea showed significantly lower efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and the larval mortality rate (58.0%) was also higher compared with B. bassiana (33.3%). Similarly, I. fumosorosea had a significant effect on the pupal formation of S. litura; however, no significant effect was found on adult emergence percentage. To determine the effect of EPF-infected prey on the adult predator, their handling time, predatory rate, consumption rate, and the survival rate were recorded. No significant effect of EPF species on the predation rate was found. Furthermore, no significant difference was found in the survival rate of predators fed on either EPF-infected prey or healthy larvae. The interaction of these EPFs with a reduviid predator suggested that both EPF species, especially I. fumosorosea, could be used together with the predator to boost the biological control of S. litura in commercial crops.

scholarly journals The Impact of Steatosis on the Outcome of Liver Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong-Yue Zhang ◽  
Qiong-Fang Zhang ◽  
Da-Zhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Outcome Indicators ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Graft ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Early Graft Dysfunction

Background and Aims. Liver transplantation is one of the most effective treatments for end-stage liver disease as well as for cases of acute liver failure. Facing organ donor shortage, liver transplant teams had to use marginal organs. Thus, increasing availability is a key concern of donor liver grafts including steatotic livers. However, the use of steatotic liver is still controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the impact of steatosis on the outcome of liver transplantation. Methods. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of knowledge, and so on for studies published through May 31, 2018, in which patients experienced liver transplantation using fatty liver. All studies extracted outcome indicators, and we draw conclusions by contrasting outcome indicators in different groups of steatosis. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference. Results. 19 publications were included. There was no significant difference between the group of no steatosis and mild group in primary nonfunction rate (P=0.605) or early graft dysfunction rate (P=0.44). The PNF rate was significantly higher in moderate group (P=0.003) and severe group (P <0.001) compared with that in no steatosis group. The same results were seen in early graft dysfunction rate. However, graft survival rate and patient survival rate did not differ between groups. Conclusions. Livers with mild steatosis, even with moderate or severe steatosis, could be suitable donor under strict control of transplant conditions.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Transplant Outcomes in Peritoneal and Hemodialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maozhi Tang ◽  
Tianyi Li ◽  
Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Journal Club ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Transplant Outcomes ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) have been considered the 2 standard pre-transplant dialysis modalities in patients awaiting kidney transplantation. However, the impact of pretransplant dialysis on the short- and long-term post-transplant outcomes remains controversial. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials for this review. Twelve studies were identified by strict screening for the meta-analysis. Results: We found that pretransplant PD patients had a significantly lower incidence of delayed graft function than HD patients, with an OR 0.67 (95% CI 0.62-0.72, p < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute rejection, OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.75-1.16). Pretransplant PD had a better 5-year patient survival rate than HD, with a hazard ratio 0.86 (95% CI 0.79-0.95, p < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences in the graft survival rate (p = 0.08). Conclusions: We found that PD was a better choice of pretransplant dialysis modality than HD. Video Journal Club ‘Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco' at http://www.karger.com/?doi=446272.

scholarly journals Effect of an Oral Adsorbent, AST-120, on Dialysis Initiation and Survival in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Hatakeyama ◽  
Hayato Yamamoto ◽  
Akiko Okamoto ◽  
Kengo Imanishi ◽  
Noriko Tokui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dialysis Initiation ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Adsorbent ◽  
Matched Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Free Rate

The oral adsorbent AST-120 has the potential to delay dialysis initiation and improve survival of patients on dialysis. We evaluated the effect of AST-120 on dialysis initiation and its potential to improve survival in patients with chronic kidney disease. The present retrospective pair-matched study included 560 patients, grouped according to whether or not they received AST-120 before dialysis (AST-120 and non-AST-120 groups). The cumulative dialysis initiation free rate and survival rate were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the impact of AST-120 on dialysis initiation. Our results showed significant differences in the 12- and 24-month dialysis initiation free rate (P<0.001), although no significant difference was observed in the survival rate between the two groups. In conclusion, AST-120 delays dialysis initiation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients but has no effect on survival. AST-120 is an effective therapy for delaying the progression of CKD.

scholarly journals Long term (five-year) survival following radical surgical treatment plus adjuvant chemotherapy (FAM) in advanced gastric cancer: a controlled study

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Bresciani ◽  
Joaquim Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
Victor Strassmann ◽  
Dan L. Waitzberg ◽  
Mitsunori Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Tnm Classification ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Several drugs and their associations are being used for adjuvant or complementary chemotherapy with the aim of improving results of gastric cancer treatment. The objective of this study was to verify the impact of these drugs on nutrition and on survival rate after radical treatment of 53 patients with gastric cancer in stage III of the TNM classification. A control group including 28 patients who had only undergone radical resection was compared to a group of 25 patients who underwent the same operative technique followed by adjuvant polychemotherapy with FAM (5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C). In this latter group, chemotherapy toxicity in relation to hepatic, renal, cardiologic, neurological, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and dermatological functions was also studied. There was no significant difference on admission between both groups in relation to gender, race, macroscopic tumoral type of tumor according to the Borrmann classification, location of the tumor in the stomach, length of the gastric resection, or response to cutaneous tests on delayed sensitivity. Chemotherapy was started on average, 2.3 months following surgical treatment. Clinical and laboratory follow-up of all patients continued for 5 years. The following conclusions were reached: 1) The nutritional status and incidence of gastrointestinal manifestation were similar in both groups; 2) There was no occurrence of cardiac, renal, neurological, or hepatic toxicity or death due to the chemotherapeutic method per se; 3) Dermatological alterations and hematological toxicity occurred exclusively in patients who underwent polychemotherapy; 4) There was no significant difference between the rate and site of tumoral recurrence, the disease-free interval, or the survival rate of both study groups; 5) Therefore, we concluded, after a 5-year follow-up, chemotherapy with the FAM regimen did not increase the survival rate.

scholarly journals Depredación del borrego Ovis canadensis (Artiodactila: Bovidae) y el venado bura Odocoileus hemionus (Artiodactila: Cervidae) por Puma concolor (Carnivora: Felidae) en Coahuila, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Hugo Sotelo-Gallardo ◽  
Juan Antonio García-Salas ◽  
Armando Jesús Contreras-Balderas
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Mountain Lion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predation Rates

Small and isolated populations of bighorn sheep (subject to special protection according to NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) are vulnerable to predation by mountain lion in habitat sympatric with mule deer. Understanding the specific causes of death and survival is important for the development of conservation strategies for bighorn sheep and other ungulates that share the same habitat, such as mule deer.We evaluated and compared the rate of predation by puma in 12 bighorn sheep (10 females, two males) and 10 adult females of mule deer with radio collars through measure risk program (micromorts). The impact of predation in both populations of herbivores is evaluated through the estimation of densities of sheep and mule deer. 88 % (8/9) deaths by puma in bighorn sheep with an average monthly survival rate of 0.79 and predation rates due to puma range from 0.17 to 0.30. In mule deer predation due to puma was 83 % (5/6) with an average monthly survival rate of 0.86 and predation rates due to puma range from 0.10 to 0.25, however when comparing the mountain lion depredation rate we found a significant difference between species (Z = 1.826, df = 6, P = 0.05). The density in mule deer was 9x more that bighorn. The bighorn sheep being the prey most selected and the one most affected as the population with the lowest density.

scholarly journals KONDISI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI LOKASI DAN BUKAN LOKASI PENYELAMAN PULAU MARATUA

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris . IDRIS
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Marine Tourism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Maratua Island lies in the Makassar Strait was a destination for marine tourism especially international divers. Currently, no activities in monitoring the effect of tourism is in place, and therefore, there is a need compare the condition of the dive sites and non-dive site as a proxy for the impact of diving to coral reefs. Nine locations in total representing dive and non-dive sites were observed. The result shows that the condition of dive sites and non-dive sites were generally the same, 48% (Good) and 43% (Good) respectively. Analysis using ANOVA single factor also shows that there is no significant difference between dive sites and non-dive sites (Fcrit= 1.36; F calc= 4.28, P<0.05). This means that diving not yet posed a significant threat to the coral reefs in Maratua Island. Other animal were also being observed and the most abundant fish are Pterocaesio diagramma, Caesio cuning, and Cirrhilabrus cyanopleura.

scholarly journals Impact of insecticides on the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on cabbage in northern Benin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice G. Sinhouenon ◽  
Hugues Baimey ◽  
Laura Wauters ◽  
Rufin Dossou ◽  
Regis B. Ahissou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Description of the subject. The article deals with the study of compatibility of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species with insecticides currently used against diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella (L.) in northern Benin Objectives. The aim of this work was to determine the impact of five insecticides on the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against DBM larvae. Method. Infective juveniles (IJs) of two EPN species (Steinernema sp. 83a and Heterorhabditis sonorensis KF723827) were exposed to five insecticides used against P. xylostella larvae in Djougou for 48 h. The number of surviving nematodes was used to infest DBM larvae. The experiment was carried out under laboratory and semi-field conditions. Results. The bioassays carried out in laboratory showed that the survival rate of nematodes exposed to KARATE 2.5 WG, LAMBDA SUPER 2.5EC or neem oil ranges between 95% and 98%. In the treated plots, Steinernema sp. 83a was the most virulent with the highest P. xylostella mortality (87% at 50 IJs·cm-2 after 24 h) while only 35% larval mortality was recorded for H. sonorensis applied at the same dose. Population density of nematodes which penetrated DBM larvae reached 9 ± 3I IJs·larva-1 for H. sonorensis KF723827 and 6 ± 2 IJs·larva-1 for Steinernema sp. 83a. In cadaver of DBM, nematode reproduction did not appear to be affected by the contact with insecticides. Conclusions. Based on our research, we conclude that the three insecticides did not affect EPNs efficiency and could be used in combination against DBM.

scholarly journals Effect of Cryopreservation on Proteins from the Ubiquitous Marine Dinoflagellate Breviolum sp. (Family Symbiodiniaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Hsing-Hui Li ◽  
Jia-Lin Lu ◽  
Hui-Esther Lo ◽  
Sujune Tsai ◽  
Chiahsin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coral Host ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Coral reefs around the world are exposed to thermal stress from climate change, disrupting the delicate symbiosis between the coral host and its symbionts. Cryopreservation is an indispensable tool for the preservation of species, as well as the establishment of a gene bank. However, the development of cryopreservation techniques for application to symbiotic algae is limited, in addition to the scarceness of related studies on the molecular level impacts post-thawing. Hence, it is essential to set up a suitable freezing protocol for coral symbionts, as well as to analyze its cryo-injury at the molecular level. The objective of this study was to develop a suitable protocol for the coral symbiont Breviolum subjected to two-step freezing. The thawed Breviolum were then cultured for 3, 7, 14, and 28 days before they were analyzed by Western blot for protein expression, light-harvesting protein (LHP), and red fluorescent protein (RFP) and tested by adenosine triphosphate bioassay for cell viability. The results showed the highest cell viability for thawed Breviolum that was treated with 2 M propylene glycol (PG) and 2 M methanol (MeOH) and equilibrated with both cryoprotectants for 30 min and 20 min. Both treatment groups demonstrated a significant increase in cell population after 28 days of culture post-thawing, especially for the MeOH treatment group, whose growth rate was twice of the PG treatment group. Regarding protein expression, the total amounts of each type of protein were significantly affected by cryopreservation. After 28 days of culture, the protein expression for the MeOH treatment group showed no significant difference to that of the control group, whereas the protein expression for the PG treatment group showed a significant difference. Breviolum that were frozen with MeOH recovered faster upon thawing than those frozen with PG. LHP was positively and RFP was negatively correlated with Symbiodiniaceae viability and so could serve as health-informing biomarkers. This work represents the first time to document it in Symbiodiniaceae, and this study established a suitable protocol for the cryopreservation of Breviolum and further refined the current understanding of the impact of low temperature on its protein expression. By gaining further understanding of the use of cryopreservation as a way to conserve Symbiodiniaceae, we hope to make an effort in the remediation and conservation of the coral reef ecosystem and provide additional methods to rescue coral reefs.

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