scholarly journals POSTERIOR CAPSULOTOMY

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Lal Muhammad Khattak ◽  
Afzal Qadir ◽  
Umer Khan ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Kamran
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Transient Rise ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical University

Objective: To study the complications of ND: YAG laser capsulotomy. Design:Clinical trial. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology KHYBER Medical University Institute ofMedical Sciences Teaching Hospital Kohat Development Authority (KDA) Kohat. Period: Jan2007 to June 2008. Material and methods: A total number of 250 patients with posterior capsularopacification were studied and look for complications after ND: YAG Laser application. Onehundred and thirty five (54% )were male and one hundred fifteen( 46%) patients were female.63% of patients had right eye involvement while 37% had left eye were involved. Patients werethoroughly examined before and after the procedure. All patients were followed for minimum sixmonths after the procedure. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Chi square test wascalculated for the significance of analysis. Results: After Nd YAG laser capsulotomy there wassignificant improvement in visual acuity of my patients. There was transient rise of IOP in 25 (10%)of patients. Mild anterior uveitis in 20 (8.0%) of patients. Intra-ocular Lens pitting or cracks in 30(12%) of cases. Macular edema in 20 (8.0%) of cases. Retinal detachment in 5 (2.0%) of cases.Conclusions: Nd YAG laser is safe, effective and non-invasive procedure outdoor procedure bywhich we can get better visual outcome. Which had also some serious complication for that wehave to avoid and educate the patient about the complications of procedure.

scholarly journals Anatomical and functional significance of ectopic inner foveal layer (EIFL) in epiretinal membrane (ERM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-371
Author(s):  
Sunil Ganekal ◽  
Varun Ganekal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Epiretinal Membrane ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Stage 1

To compare the visual acuity outcomes after surgical treatment of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in cases with and without ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFL). : A total of 100 eyes of 98 patients with idiopathic ERM were retrospectively staged according to the newer OCT classification and divided into two groups on the basis of presence or absence of EIFL. The two groups were evaluated for various parameters including visual acuity, thickness of the EIFL, re-appearance of the foveal contour, outer retinal changes and complications before and after ERM peeling. Correlation analysis was done using chi square test and p-values were obtained for corresponding variables.: Of 100 eyes with ERM, 20% had stage 1, 29% had stage 2, 42% had stage3 & 9% had stage 4 disease. VA was worse in eyes with EIFL as compared those without it. Correlation of VA with EIFL thickness however was not significant. Surgical removal of ERM didn’t alter EIFL frequency though the thickness decreased. New EIFL appeared in 4% eyes and 35% demonstrated thickened fovea after surgery. Anatomical reappearance of foveal contour was poorer in eyes with EIFL. Outer retinal changes were more common in non EIFL eyes. Lamellar holes and nontractional cysts were more common in EIFL eyes.: EIFL is a significant prognostic tool to predict the visual outcome of surgery in cases of Epiretinal membrane. EIFL eyes did not regain foveal contour, had less outer retinal damage but were associated with poorer visual outcomes.

scholarly journals A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-Group, Trial on the Effects of Melatonin on Fatigue Associated with Breast Cancer and Its Adjuvant Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153473542098834
Author(s):  
Abdolazim Sedighi Pashaki ◽  
Kamal Mohammadian ◽  
Saeid Afshar ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Gholami ◽  
Abbas Moradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Severe Fatigue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Brief Fatigue Inventory ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T

Objective: Fatigue associated with malignant conditions and their treatments is a disabling condition. This trial assessed the anti-fatigue effects of melatonin coadministration during adjuvant treatment of patients with the breast cancer. Material and Methods: Patients with breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive melatonin or placebo during adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thirty-seven patients were randomly enrolled in each group. The mean ages of patients in the intervention and control groups were 50.47 ± 10.79 and 46.05 ± 10.55 years, respectively ( P = .223). The intervention group received oral melatonin (18 mg/day) from 1 week before until 1 month after the adjuvant radiotherapy. The level of fatigue was assessed before and after intervention using Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) in both groups. To analyze data, the Student’s t-test and the Chi-square test were used at a significance level of P ≤ .05. Results: The BFI score was similar before the intervention in both groups, however, after the intervention, it was significantly lower in the melatonin group ( P < .001). Moreover, the frequency of severe fatigue in the melatonin group was significantly lower than in the placebo group after intervention (42.1% vs 83.3%, P < .001). Conclusion: Coadministration of melatonin during adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy of women with breast cancer decreased the levels of fatigue associated with the malignant condition and its treatments.

scholarly journals 252 COMPARISON OF TWO SPERM SEPARATION PRODUCTS FOR USE IN BOVINE IVF

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pryor ◽  
S. Romo ◽  
D.D. Varner ◽  
K. Hinrichs ◽  
C.R. Looney
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Sperm Separation

In commercial bovine in vitro fertilization (IVF) companies, there is a continuous need to improve results. Efforts to maximize in vitro embryo production have included modifications in the use of sperm separation gradients. The development of commercially available sperm centrifugation gradients represents a new possibility of increasing the number of viable sperm that can be obtained from low concentration (fresh or frozen, sexed or unsexed) semen samples in order to improve the efficiency of the IVF system to make embryo production as efficient as possible. The objective of this study was to compare two different separation gradients, as follows: Group 1: Percoll (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), in 45% and 90% gradients; Group 2: EquiPure (Nidacon, Gathenburg, Sweden), in top and bottom layers. Before and after separation, sperm were evaluated at 200× magnification for total motility, and then stained to assess viability at 400× with fast-green/eosin stain (Sigma). Sperm separation was performed using frozen/thawed semen from one bull. Semen was separated by centrifugation at 200g for 30 min in both density gradients. Results obtained from Groups 1 and 2 were compared by chi-square test. Sperm separation with Percoll yielded lower numbers of sperm (average sperm concentration after separation of 92 × 106, vs. 159 × 106 sperm/mL for EquiPure; P < 0.05) but resulted in higher motility (60% vs. 39%, respectively; P < 0.05) of separated sperm. Rates of live sperm cells were not significantly different between groups (69.5% vs. 70%, respectively; P > 0.1). These results indicate that the commercial separation medium EquiPure may be associated with higher sperm concentration levels but with lowered sperm motility when compared to Percoll for bovine sperm separation. However, Equipure provided similar percentages of live sperm when compared to Percoll, which is currently used in our laboratory.

Change in perception of sclerotherapy results after exposure to pre–post intervention photographs

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio R Santiago ◽  
Mario Piscoya ◽  
Yung-Wei Chi
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Venous Clinical Severity Score ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective To evaluate patients’ self-perception of cosmetic improvement before and after they were presented with pre- and postprocedure photographs after sclerotherapy with 75% dextrose. Methods Treatments included sclerotherapy of reticular and varicose veins using 75% dextrose. All treated limbs were photographed and classified according to Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathology classification and Venous Clinical Severity Score pre- and posttreatment. The patients were queried before and after viewing the photos during these visits and indicated if they were very unsatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied, or very satisfied. Nonparametric kappa correlation coefficient and a Chi square test were used to measure associations among agreement (p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). The paired Wilcoxon test was used to compare statistical differences in mean Venous Clinical Severity Scores measured at different times (p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). Data were analyzed using STATA software (version 12). Results Individuals were more satisfied with the results of sclerotherapy after exposure to images portraying their limbs two months after the procedure (p = 0.0028). This effect was maintained six months after sclerotherapy (p = 0.0027). Conclusion Patient exposure to pre- and postsurgical photographs is a simple intervention with the potential of improving patient satisfaction up to six months after treatment with sclerotherapy.

scholarly journals Frequency of Depression in Burn Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Status ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical University

Background: Burns are physically, psychologically and economically challenging injuries and the factors leading to them are many and under studied. Different studies have associated burn injuries with psychiatric disorders from different parts of the world. Objective: To determine the frequency of depression among the burn patients. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Pak Italian Modern Burn Unit, Nishtar Medical University, Multan and the Department of Psychiatry, Nishtar Medical University, Multan. Non probability consecutive sampling technique was used to collect the data from study subjects, which consisted of 150 patients of burn. All patients were assessed by a single psychiatrist on Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) scale for screening of depression. Chi square test was applied to determine association between the socio demographic factors of burn patients and depression. Results; Of these 150 study cases, 91 (60.7 %) were male patients while 59 (39.3 %) were female patients. Mean age of our study cases was 33.94 ± 8.88 years. The frequency of depression was noted as 88 (58.7%). Post stratification Pearson chi square test revealed significant associations between age (p=0.001), residential status (p=0.038), occupation (p= 0.000), etiology of burn (p=0.044) and duration of illness (p=0.000) with depression. Conclusion: A high frequency of depression was noted among burn patients in our study. Depression was significantly associated with age, residential status, occupation, duration of illness and etiology of the burn. Healthcare professionals treating such patients should anticipate depressive symptoms in these patients and treat them accordingly.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1030-1036
Author(s):  
Galih Aktama ◽  
Henky Agung Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad David Perdana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and  there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients  aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Tuberculum sellae meningiomas: A series of 41 cases; surgical and ophthalmological outcomes with proposal of a new prognostic scoring system

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Palani ◽  
Manas K Panigrahi ◽  
Anirudh K Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tuberculum Sellae

ABSTRACT Context: Tuberculum sellae meningiomas have proved difficult to treat, partly because of their intimate association with the optic nerves and chiasma, hypothalamus, and internal carotid arteries. Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the degree of influence of various prognostic factors affecting visual outcome; the pattern of visual recovery and develop a scoring system for prognostication. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective study carried out from January 2004 till June 2011. Materials and Methods: Patients were analyzed on the basis of clinical, radiological, and surgical factors that appeared to affect the outcome. A special scoring system (according to the guidelines of the German Ophthalmological Society) was adopted to quantify the extent of ophthalmological disturbances. Statistical Analysis Used: Comparison of categorical variables between the two was performed using chi-square test and a P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Logistic regression was used when multivariate analysis was required. Results: Vision improved in 27% and deteriorated in 7.3%. A prognostic scoring system (score 4–13) was developed depending on the degree of influence of significant prognostic factors. The patients with a score of ≤6 had improved vision postoperatively (44%), whereas none of those with a score > 6 improved. Completeness of visual recovery was perceived in 100% of patients within 3 months. Complete resectability was achieved in 73% of patients. Conclusions: The proposed scoring system is very useful in prognosticating the visual outcome of these patients. The patients with a score of ≤6 have the best visual outcome postoperatively. Complete resectability is better achieved with extended bifrontal and unilateral frontal approaches. Short-term postoperative visual outcome is a strong indicator of permanent visual outcome after surgery.

Peri-operative Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Taking Warfarin or Edoxaban: Analysis of the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (06) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Douketis ◽  
Sabina Murphy ◽  
Elliott Antman ◽  
Laura Grip ◽  
Michele Mercuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Systemic Embolism ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Anticoagulated Patients

Background Peri-operative management of anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is challenging. To gain information on the peri-operative management of edoxaban, we compared outcomes in patients on warfarin or edoxaban enrolled in ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 who underwent a surgery or invasive procedure. Methods Data from patients undergoing their first surgery/procedure were analysed and results compared by anticoagulant (warfarin vs. higher- or lower-dose edoxaban regimen [HDER and LDER, respectively]). Patients were classified by procedural management: anticoagulant interrupted (last dose 4–10 days pre-procedure) or anticoagulant continued (last dose ≤ 3 days pre-procedure). Stroke/systemic embolism (SSE), major bleeding (MB), MB or clinically relevant non-MB (CRNMB) and death were assessed from 7 days pre- until 30 days post-procedure. The chi-square test was used to compare outcomes across treatment groups. Results A total of 7,193 patients (34%) underwent surgery/procedure: 3,116 had anticoagulant interrupted, 4,077 had anticoagulant continued. Among patients on warfarin, HDER and LDER who had anticoagulant interrupted, rates of SSE were 0.6, 0.5 and 0.9% (p = 0.53), rates of MB were 1.0, 1.2 and 1.1% (p = 0.94) and rates of MB or CRNMB were 3.9, 4.2 and 3.6% (p = 0.78); among patients on warfarin, HDER and LDER who had anticoagulant continued, rates of SSE were 1.1, 0.7 and 0.9% (p = 0.51), rates of MB were 3.6, 2.6 and 2.4% (p = 0.13) and rates of MB or CRNMB were 8.5, 7.9 and 6.6% (p = 0.17). Conclusion In patients requiring surgery/procedure in ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48, peri-operative rates of SSE, MB and death were not significantly different in patients who received edoxaban or warfarin.

scholarly journals 53 Does the Community Geriatrician’s Role in Advanced Care Planning Help Community Dwellers Achieve Their Preferred Place of Care?

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i14-i17
Author(s):  
K Honney ◽  
H Judd ◽  
A Mitchell ◽  
H Nash ◽  
J Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Advanced Care Planning ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Community Dwellers

Abstract Introduction Advanced Care Planning (ACP) is well established for patients with terminal cancer diagnoses but is poorly utilised when caring for elderly patients with other terminal illnesses. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of ACP in our older, community dwellers following a period of increased awareness. Methods A closed loop audit was undertaken, assessing deaths from a dementia care home within rural Norfolk, before and after implementation of an education and focus programme (cycle 1=Jan 2017-Jan 2018, cycle 2: Feb 2018-Jan-2019). Deceased patients were identified from care home records and data from electronic hospital and general practice records were analysed. Results were compared according to existing guidance outlined in the Palliative Gold Standards Framework (GSF) and Department of Health End of Life Care Strategy 2009. Compliance between cycles was compared using the chi-square test with p=.05 indicative of statistical significance. Results 59 patients were included (median age=84, male=31). Results of the audit for each criterion are shown in table 1. More patients achieved their preferred place of care (PPOC) following the implementation of the education programme, with access to end of life medications significantly improving. Conclusions Increasing awareness and understanding of ACP in the community has been shown to improve compliance with GSF standards, particularly access to end of life medications. Further efforts are still required to improve care and a third cycle is scheduled for January 2020, following further training.

scholarly journals Impact of a financial incentive on the completion of educational metrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Pugh ◽  
Tabitha Ford ◽  
Troy Madsen ◽  
Christine Carlson ◽  
Gerard Doyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Residency Training Program ◽  
Faculty Participation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Resident Evaluation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Conference Attendance

Abstract Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires all emergency medicine (EM) training programs to evaluate resident performance and also requires core faculty to attend didactic conference. Assuring faculty participation in these activities can be challenging. Previously, our institution did not have a formal tracking program nor financial incentive for participation in these activities. In 2017, we initiated an educational dashboard which tracked and published all full-time university faculty conference attendance and participation in resident evaluations and other educational activities. Objectives We sought to determine if the implementation of a financially-incentivized educational dashboard would lead to an increase in faculty conference attendance and the number of completed resident evaluations. Methods We conducted a pre- and post-intervention observational study at our EM residency training program between July 2017 and July 2019. Participants were 17 full-time EM attendings at one training site. We compared the number of completed online resident evaluations (MedHub) and number of conference days attended (call-in verification) before and after the introduction of our financial incentive in June 2018. The incentive required 100% completion of resident evaluations and at least 25% attendance at eligible didactic conference days. We calculated pre- and post-intervention averages, and comparisons were made using a chi-square test. Results Prior to implementation of the intervention, the 90-day resident evaluation completion rate was 71.8%. This increased to 100% after implementation (p < 0.001). Conference attendance prior to implementation was 43.8%, which remained unchanged at 41.3% after implementation of the financial incentive (p = 0.920). Conclusions Attaching a financial incentive to a tracked educational dashboard increased faculty participation in resident evaluations but did not change conference attendance. This difference likely reflects the minimum thresholds required to obtain the financial incentive.

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