Device associated healthcare associated infections in a pediatric intensive care unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Author(s):  
Shah Ali Ahmed ◽  
Anwarul Haque ◽  
Qalab Abbas ◽  
Humaira Jurair ◽  
Zohra Qamar ud Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of Ventilator associated Pneumonia (VAP), Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI) and Catheter Associated Urinary Tract infection (CAUTI) by using standardized criteria established by Center of disease control and prevention. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: PICU of Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). Period: (August 2015 to January 2016). Material & Methods: Data was collected on a pre-coded proforma. Data was entered and analyzed through SPSS. Results: 156 patients were enrolled. 102 (65.4%) were male. Mean age was 57.59 months. Mean length of stay was 5.6 days. Patient and Device days were 546 and 958 respectively. Device utilization ratio was 0.56. Four Device associated infections (DAI) were identified during study period with a DAI Rate of 4.17 per 1000 device days. All DAI were CLABSIs. Enterococcus was the most frequent bacterial isolate. Conclusion: DAI are highly prevalent in low resource countries, especially in intensive care areas including PICUs. In our setup, CLABSI are increasing while VAP and CAUTI are decreasing.

scholarly journals Nosocomial Blood Stream Infections in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Iqra Ayaz ◽  
Hira Hameed ◽  
Wajeeha Amber ◽  
Talal Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Time Of Admission

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of most common bacterial organisms in nosocomial blood stream infections STUDY DESIGN: A Cross-sectional descriptive study PLACE AND DURATION:                In  Department of Paediatric Medicine, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Tertiary care hospital over a period of 06 months from 6th July 2017 to 6th Jan  2018 METHODOLOGY: Total 385 patients admitted in PICU were included in the study according to the inclusion criteria. Patients were monitored from the time of admission to their final outcome for development of hospital acquired infections, based on standard definitions. Blood sample for culture were collected aseptically according to the protocol of the microbiology laboratory. The bottles were incubated for 7 days. Patients were monitored from time of the blood culture yielding growth until culture report becomes available. Data was calculated through a structured Performa confidentiality of patient was maintained. RESULTS: Pseduomonas Aeruginosa and Salmonellia Tpyhi were the most common bacterial organism 83 (21.6) in nosocomial blood stream infection whereas E.Coli and Klebsiella found in 77 (20.0) and 67 (17.4) patients respectively. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that the frequency of most common bacterial organisms in nosocomial blood stream infections is substantial. Thus, early initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy help in contributing significantly towards decrease in mortality rates due to blood stream infections. KEYWORDS: Nosocomial, Bloodstream infection, Intensive care unit

Epidemiology of nosocomial infections in medicine intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital in northern India

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabina Habibi ◽  
Naveet Wig ◽  
Sunil Agarwal ◽  
Surendra K Sharma ◽  
Rakesh Lodha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

This prospective observational study describes the rates of nosocomial infections (NI), the sites of infection, the pathogens involved, their antibiogram and the risk factors at a tertiary care hospital in northern India. In 62 of the 182 enrolled patients 95 episodes of NI were recorded (incidence rate 28.6/1000 person days): pneumonia (77%); urinary tract infection (24%) and blood stream infection (24%). All isolates of Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella and 83.3% of Escherichia coli were resistant to the third generation cephalosporins. An increased duration of the time spent in intensive care units and days of intervention were associated with incident NI.

scholarly journals Patient Attitudes towards Physician Nonverbal Behaviors during Consultancy: Result from a Developing Country

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Hanif Khan ◽  
Raheela Hanif ◽  
Rumina Tabassum ◽  
Waris Qidwai ◽  
Kashmira Nanji
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Nonverbal Behaviors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background. Nonverbal behaviors have a significant impact on patients during consultations. This study was undertaken to find out the attitudes and preferences of the patients regarding nonverbal communication during consultations with physicians, in a tertiary care hospital. Methods. A questionnaire based cross-sectional study was carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, during the months of January to March 2012. All patients (>18 years of age) coming for consultancy in the family medicine clinics were approached; out of 133, 120 agreed to participate. The subjects were asked questions regarding physician’s comforting touch and eye contact and their responses were noted. The data were analyzed using SPSS and chi-square test was used to identify corelations. Results. Overall, 120 patients were enrolled. About 58.3% were men and 41.7% were women with a mean age of 34.9±10.9 years. 95.8% were Muslims and 57.6% had more than 12 years of education. Among females 74% wanted supportive touch from doctors, used to comfort the patient (45%) or to show respect (27.5%) or as healing (30%). 86.1% of the respondents believe that establishing eye contact with the patient shows that the doctor is attentive towards his/her patient. The eye contact should be brief but regular (54.1%) and prolonged staring (36.7%) makes them uncomfortable. Conclusion. Nonverbal communication helps to strengthen the doctor-patient relation as patients do appreciate positive touch and eye contact from their physicians.

Bleeding Disorders among women Presenting with Menorrhagia at Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2851-2853
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarwar Khan ◽  
Kiran Aamir ◽  
Aamir Ramzan ◽  
Aasma Naz ◽  
Khalil Ahmed Memon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Management

Objective: To study the spectrum of bleeding disorders among women, presenting to the study setting with complaints of menorrhagia. Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted up on 121 women, during a period of 6 months, who were approached via non-probability, consecutive sampling, presenting to the Dept. of Gyneacology & Pathology – Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad with menorrhagia. Data obtained from patient interviews and laboratory investigations were recorded into a self-structured questionnaire after taking written informed consent. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS v. 21.0. Results: The mean age of the women was 28.13 years (±5.21 SD). Among the underlying hemostatic pathologies, VWD was the most common i.e. 21 (65.6%), followed by other platelet dysfunctions (Glanzman Thrombasthenia (n=5, 15.6%) and Berard Soulier Syndrome i.e. n=3, 9.4%) comprised the second most common finding. A cause of hemostatic pathology among a minority of patients remained unidentified i.e. n=3 (9.4%). Conclusion: Keeping in view of hemostatic defects, the study concludes that VWD is the commonest bleeding disorder among women presenting with menorrhagia. A routine screening of females with menorrhagia on their initial contact with the hospital can save years of suffering and lead to early management and probable recovery. Keywords: Von Willebrand Disease, Hemostatic Dysfunction, Bleeding Disorders, Platelet Dysfunction, Menorrhagia & Bleeding Complaints among Women

scholarly journals Burkholderia cepacia an emerging cause of septicaemia, in an intensive care unit from a tertiary care hospital, Nellore, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Usham Gangaram ◽  
Tupili Ramya ◽  
Kandati Jithendra ◽  
Desu Rama Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Background: Burkholderia cepacia is highly virulent and multidrug resistant organism to cause fatal and serious infections in ICUs leads to rise in mortality and morbidity. aim of present study was to know the prevalence of Burkholderia cepacia in blood stream infection in Intensive Care Unit and to know the drug susceptibility.Methods: This is a prospective study was carried out in the Intensive Care Unit and Department of Microbiology, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, from February to March 2018. As a part of routine investigations Blood, urine, sputum or tracheal secretions sent for culture and sensitivity to the Microbiology laboratory. By conventional method, all the samples were cultured (except blood) onto Blood agar, Chocolate agar and MacConkey, s agar; incubated for 18-24 hours at 37⁰C. Blood cultures were performed in BACT/ Alert 3D (Biomeriux), only positives were subculture by conventional method. Further analysis was done in culture positive samples only.Results: A total of 448 patients admitted in ICU were included in the study, from them 586 samples were collected. out of which we got 238 culture positives. Among them 19 patients were positive for Burkholderia cepacia, most of them isolated from blood (78.9%), followed by respiratory secretions (21.1%) and none of them were isolated from urine samples. Most of the isolates were sensitive to Meropenam and Tigecycline (89.4%) followed by minocycline (84.2%), ceftazidime (73.6%), levofloxacin (63.1%). While B. cepacia isolates showed high resistance to cefaperazone-sulbactam, ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid with (84.2%), (89.4%), (89.4%) respectively.Conclusions: To conclude that, Burkholderia cepacia is one of the emerging causes of septicemia with multidrug resistance, cross contamination may be the root cause so it should be treated quickly and effectively.

scholarly journals Profile of Obstetric Morbidity Among Maternal Intensive Care Unit Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
B Shakya ◽  
P Chaudhary ◽  
M Tumbahangphe
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Obstetric Hemorrhage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

Aims: The objective of the study was to determine the outcome of the obstetric admissions to Maternal Intensive Care Unit in the setting of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study undertaken at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital from April 1, 2012 to March 31, 2013. Patient characteristics, gestational age, booking status, indication for intensive care unit admission, intervention, length of stay and outcome were analyzed. Results: During the study period, 19,247 deliveries occurred and 247 women were admitted to maternal intensive care unit. This accounts for 1.28% of all deliveries. The most common indication of admission to intensive care unit was hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (45.3%) followed by obstetric hemorrhage (39.27%). Sepsis was the cause in ten (4.04%) cases. Ten cases (4.04%) of postpartum hemorrhage were managed by balloon tamponade, seven (2.83%) by B-Lynch compression sutures and three (1.21%) necessitated cesarean hysterectomy. Among 18 cases of ruptured uterus, 13 (5.26%) were repaired while five (2.02%) required hysterectomy. Maternal mortality occurred in four (1.61%) of the cases. One was a case of severe preeclampsia who died on 4th post-operative day due to pulmonary embolism, another due to anesthetic complication and the other two died of septic shock and multiorgan failure. Conclusions: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and obstetric hemorrhage appeared as the major risk factors for admission to an intensive care unit thereby influencing maternal outcomes in obstetric patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v9i2.11762 

scholarly journals Multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae from blood stream infections at a tertiary care hospital of Eastern Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Yadav ◽  
Narayan Raj Bhattarai ◽  
Basudha Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disk Method

Abstract Background Blood stream infection (BSI) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It has poses significant challenge to the clinicians and clinical microbiologists alike. Therefore its accurate diagnosis, isolation and identification of causative agents with appropriate antibiotics is required. This study is aimed to find out resistance pattern, e.g. extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC, K1, carbapenemase and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) among isolates obtained from BSI. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, BPKIHS from 1st September 2014 to 31st August 2015. Isolates were screened for ESBL, AmpC, K1, and carbapenemase production by ten disk method. Confirmation for ESBL was done phenotypically by using combined disk method recommended by CLSI, AmpC sterile disk method for AmpC and K1 by combined disk method. Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production was detected by imipenem-ethylene-diamine-tetra acetic acid double disk synergy test. Results A total of 11,264 blood samples were collected from the patients suspected of Blood Stream Infection. Of these isolates, 192 (1.70%) were Enterobacteriaceae. Among them, 94 (49%) were ESBL, 51 (26.5%) were carbapenemase and 10 (5%) were AmpC producers. Of 51 carbapenemase producers, 22 (11.5%) were MBL producers. None of the isolates were found to produce K1 β-lactamase. A total of 64 (33.4%) isolates were MDR. Conclusion MDR Enterobacteriaceae is found to be prevalent in our set up as important cause of BSI.

scholarly journals Profile of fungal blood stream infection (BSI) in neonate at tertiary care hospital in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2199
Author(s):  
Shanmuga Sundaram C. ◽  
Kamalarathnam C. N.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Total Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Advancement in neonatal care has led to remarkable improvement in survival of new-born.  Fungal infections in new born are an important health problem associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and epidemiology of neonatal fungal blood stream infection and to analyze risk factor associated with mortality due to fungal septicemia.Methods: This is a retrospective study of all neonatal fungal cases admitted from July 2016 to June 2017 to a tertiary care hospital in South India.Results: Isolation rate of fungal blood stream infection was 3.3%. Risk factors observed for candida blood stream infection were Broad spectrum antibiotic usage >7 days (91.18%) followed by central line >7 days (58.9%) and total parenteral nutrition (50.68%). Poor weight gain (71.23%), respiratory distress (68.4%) are common clinical presentation. Mortality among candida blood stream infection was 29 (39.72%). On step-wise logistic regression analysis, prolonged rupture of membrane and endotracheal tube placement for more than 7 days were significant independent predictors of mortality in neonatal candida blood stream infection.Conclusions: Candida blood stream infection is significant problem in our unit. It occurs in 3.3 %of neonates admitted in our unit and accounts for 34% of blood culture positive sepsis. Non-albican candidiasis is the predominant agent causing candida blood stream infection. Fungal prophylaxis may be recommended in neonates with risk factors like birth weight less than 1500 gms, those requiring ventilation for more than 7 days, those on total parenteral nutrition for more than 7 days and those on prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics. It reemphasizes the need for aseptic insertion, maintenance, early identification of catheter related infection and early removal of central line. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document