The Effect of Kerokan to Liver Function of Hepatitis B Patients

Kerokan is an alternative therapy done by rubbing and pressing the skin surface using oil and a blunt object. This treatment has a hepatoprotective effect as it increases heme oxygenase-1, an essential enzyme in heme catabolism. In hepatitis B, heme oxygenase-1 plays a vital role to fight oxidative stress. Hence the damage on liver cells can be reduced or even prevented. Damaged cells indicate by the production of aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) enzymes that accumulated in the bloodstream. This study aimed to investigate the effect of kerokan to liver function by analyzing SGOT and SGPT levels in hepatitis B patients. These were an experimental study with a pre-test post-test control group design conducted in the public health center in Palembang in October 2016. Statistical analysis used the unpaired t test and paired. The research subjects were 30 patients with inactive carrier and chronic hepatitis B. The levels of SGOT and SGPT were determined using the IFCC method. The levels of SGOT in control (19.53±3.44 U/L) and treatment group (20.46±4.53 U/L, Δ=0.93) after 24–48 hours were not statistically different (p=0.53). Also, the levels of SGPT in control (18.66±5.40 U/L) and treatment group (19.80±9.25 U/L, Δ=1.13) after 24–48 hours were also not statistically different (p=0.68) as well. In conclusion, the liver cells of inactive carrier and chronic hepatitis B patients were not damaged (necrosis) after kerokan therapy, and the levels of SGOT and SGPT were still in the normal range. EFEK KEROKAN TERHADAP FUNGSI HEPAR PASIEN HEPATITIS BKerokan merupakan terapi alternatif yang dilakukan dengan menggosok dan menekan permukaan kulit menggunakan minyak dan benda tumpul. Pengobatan ini bersifat hepatoprotektif, yaitu meningkatkan produksi enzim heme oxygenase-1 dalam katabolisme heme. Pada hepatitis B, heme oxygenase-1 berperan penting dalam menangkal radikal bebas sehingga dapat mengurangi atau mencegah kerusakan sel hepar. Kerusakan sel hepar diindikasikan oleh produksi enzim aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) dan alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) yang terakumulasi dalam pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kerokan pada fungsi hepar dengan menganalisis kadar SGOT dan SGPT pada pasien hepatitis B. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan desain pre-test post-test control group yang dilakukan di puskesmas di Palembang pada Oktober 2016. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan tidak berpasangan. Subjek penelitian meliputi 30 pasien inactive carrier dan kronik hepatitis B. Kadar SGOT dan SGPT diukur dengan menggunakan metode IFCC. Kadar SGOT pada kontrol (19,53±3,44 U/L) dan grup perlakuan (20,46±4,53 U/L; Δ=0,93) setelah 24–48 jam tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p=0,53). Selain itu, kadar SGPT pada kontrol (18,66±5,40 U/L) dan grup perlakuan (19,80±9,25 U/L; Δ=1,13) setelah 24–48 jam tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p=0,68). Simpulan, sel hepar pada pasien inactive carrier dan kronik hepatitis B tidak mengalami kerusakan setelah terapi kerokan, serta kadar SGOT dan SGPT tetap dalam kondisi normal.

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Lingmao Formula Combined with Entecavir for HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Mildly Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/620230 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiao-Jun Zhu ◽

Xue-Hua Sun ◽

Zheng-Hua Zhou ◽

Shun-Qing Liu ◽

Hua Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Hbv Dna ◽

Control Group ◽

Hbeag Loss ◽

Histological Improvement ◽

Positive Chronic Hepatitis

Objective. To determine the efficacy and safety of Lingmao Formula combined with entecavir for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT).Methods. 301 patients were randomly assigned to receive Lingmao Formula combined with entecavir (treatment group) or placebo combined with entecavir (control group) for 52 weeks. The outcomes of interest included the reduction of serum HBV DNA level, HBeAg loss, HBeAg seroconversion, ALT normalization, and histological improvement.Results. The mean decrease of serum HBV DNA level from baseline and the percentage of patients who had reduction in serum HBV DNA level ≥2 lg copies/mL in treatment group were significantly greater than that in control group (5.5 versus 5.4 lg copies/mL,P=0.010; 98.5% versus 92.6%,P=0.019). The percentage of HBeAg loss in treatment group was 22.8%, which was much higher than a percentage of 12.6% in control group (P=0.038). There was no significant difference between the two groups in histological improvement. Safety was similar in the two groups.Conclusions. The combination of Lingmao Formula with entecavir could result in significant decrease of serum HBV DNA and increase of HBeAg loss for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with mildly elevated ALT without any serious adverse events. Clinical trial registration number isChiCTR-TRC-09000594.

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THE TRAINING OF GRATEFULNESS IN IMPROVING LIFE MEANING OF CONVICTS AT CLASS 2 LPKA PEKANBARU

Psikis Jurnal Psikologi Islami ◽

10.19109/psikis.v6i1.4992 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

Vivik Shofiah ◽

Khairunnas Rajab

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Meaning Of Life ◽

T Test ◽

Average Score ◽

Control Group ◽

Life Meaning ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Know How ◽

Post Test ◽

Test Control

Religious values need are very imporant for convicts at LPKA Class two Pekanbaru. Religion is an obvious influenced source in issuing the meaning of life to convicts. The research objective is to know how far the influence of gratefulness training in improving life meaning of convicts at LPKA class two Pekanbaru is.The researcher used experiment approaching pre and post-test control group designwith 23 control groupsand 23 treatment groups,anddata analysis independent sample t-test was obtained score t= 6,894 (p<0,01). Average score from treatment group are higher (23,057) than control group average (15,6). It shows that life meaning of convicts who get gratefulness training are higher than convicts who don’t join the training. With thus, it can be concluded that gratefulness training very influence significantly to the life meaning of convicts at LPKA class 2 Pekanbaru.

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PELATIHAN PUKULAN BAYANGAN LEBIH BAIK DARI PADA PUKULAN BIASA DALAM MENINGKATKAN VO2MAX DAN DAYA TAHAN OTOT LENGAN PADA ATLET TINJU AMATIR KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH (NTB)

Sport and Fitness Journal ◽

10.24843/spj.2019.v07.i03.p04 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Khaerul Anam ◽

I P G Adiatmika ◽

I Putu Adiartha Griadhi ◽

I Made Muliarta ◽

Luh Putu Ratna Sundari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Anaerobic Capacity ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Arm Muscles ◽

Test Control

Boxing is the basic gesture for all martial arts, because all of them definitely use the shadow shot and common shot. These two types of shots are related each other because anaerobic capacity must go along with aerobic capacity.To attain the proper knowledge about the method of shadow shot and common shot in increasing VO2max for the endurance of arm muscles for boxer athletes in Central Lombok Regency. Research was experimental with pre-test and post-test control group design, this research wasconducted in Pertina Lombok Tengah Regency. The research subjects involved 15 people divided into two groups, 7 and 8 samples respectively. The control group given only shadow shot while treatment group given common shot. This training held 3 times a week in six weeks for both groups. The analyses data with independent t-test. Researcher found The endurance of arm muscles (p<0,05) that training in twu group his’not significant to VO2max (p>0,05).Keywords: Shadow blows, regular blows, Boxing, VO2max and Endurance of arm Muscl

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Heme Oxygenase-1 mRNA Expression in Chronic Hepatitis B

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.14309/00000434-200509001-00323 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 100 ◽

pp. S130

Author(s):

J. Y. Lee ◽

M. K. Jang ◽

J. H. Lee ◽

H. Y. Kim ◽

J. Y. Yoo

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1

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Efek Suplemen Bawang Putih terhadap Kadar Kolesterol dan Trigliserida pada Tikus Wistar yang Diberi Diet Tinggi Minyak Sawit

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v4i1.220 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mulfa Satria Asnel ◽

Husnil Kadri ◽

Dessy Arisanty

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Diet Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Post Test ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Test Control

AbstrakMinyak kelapa sawit banyak mengandung asam lemak jenuh yang diduga dapat menyebabkan kolesterol dan trigliserida meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek suplemen bawang putih terhadap kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida tikus galur wistar yang diberi diet tinggi minyak sawit. Ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan randomized post test control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah 15 ekor tikus Wistar jantan yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok diet standar ad libitum, kelompok diet tinggi minyak sawit dan kelompok perlakuan (diet tinggi minyak sawit+suplemen bawang putih). Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari lima ekor tikus. Pemberian minyak sawit dengan kadar 3 ml/15 gram pakan standar diberikan kepada kelompok diet tinggi minyak sawit dan kelompok perlakuan selama empat minggu. Pemberian suplemen bawang putih (dosis 3,6 mg/200 mgBB tikus) diberikan kepada kelompok perlakuan selama empat minggu. Kadar kolesterol pada kelompok diet tinggi minyak sawit adalah 109 ± 2,76 mg/dl dan pada kelompok perlakuan adalah 107 ± 3,09 mg/dl. Kadar trigliserida pada kelompok diet tinggi minyak sawit adalah 84 ± 4,27 mg/dl, pada kelompok perlakuan adalah 83 ± 6,02 mg/dl. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida antara kelompok diet tinggi minyak sawit dengan kelompok perlakuan. Pada kelompok diet standar ad libitum dengan kelompok diet tinggi minyak sawit maupun antara kelompok diet standar ad libitum dengan kelompok perlakuan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida.Kata kunci: minyak sawit, suplemen bawang putih, kolesterol, trigliseridaAbstractPalm oil contains a lot of saturated fatty acids and it is supposed to cause increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of garlic supplements on cholesterol levels and triglyceride at wistar strain rats which were fed in high diet palm oil. This study is a randomized experimental study with post-test control group design. The subjects were 15 male wistar rats were divided into three groups, standard ad libitum diet group, high diet palm oil group and the treatment group (high diet palm oil+ garlic supplement). Each group consists of five rats. Provision of palm oil with high levels of standard 3 ml/15 grams of feeding given to the high diet palm oil group and the treatment group during the four weeks. Garlic supplement (dose 3.6 mg/200 mgweight rat) was given to the treatment group for four weeks. Cholesterol levels in the high diet palm oil group was 109 ± 2,76 mg/dl in the treatment group was 107 ± 3,09 mg/dl. The levels of triglycerides in the high diet palm oil group was 84 ± 4,27 mg/dl and in the treatment group was 83 ± 6,02 mg/dl. There was no significant difference the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides between the high diet palm oil group with the treatment group. Between the standard ad libitum diet group with the high diet palm oil group and between the standard ad libitum diet group with the treatment group show there were significant differences in the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.Keywords: palm oil, garlic supplement, cholesterol, triglyceride

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Pengaruh Pendidikan Gizi terhadap Sikap, Asupan Zat Gizi Makro, dan Air pada Anggota Pramuka

Nutri-Sains Jurnal Gizi Pangan dan Aplikasinya ◽

10.21580/ns.2019.3.2.3784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Farida Farida ◽

Hesti Permata Sari ◽

Afina Rachma Sulistyaning ◽

Ibnu Zaki

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Attitude Score ◽

Nutritional Education ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Test Control

The study was aimed to analyze the effect of nutritional education on attitude changes and increased of macronutrients and water intake in scout teenagers. The study was quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test control group design. The treatment group was given nutritional education four times during one month. Pre-test was conducted a week before intervention and post-test was conducted a week after intervention. Subjects were all members of Saka Bhayangkara and Saka Wira Kartika Scout. The result showed that nutritional education was significant improved median value of attitude score and increased (p <0,05). macronutrients intake in treatment group. The average of macronutrients intake in treatment group, before and after intervention were 1137,8±178,7 Kcal and 1490,4± 206,6 Kcal/day for energy; 40,4 ± 9,8 g/day and 60,8 ± 9,3g/day for protein; 38,5 ± 12,6 g/day and 59,3 ± 9,4 g/day for fat; 155,6 ± 29,5 g/day and 177,6 ± 33,5 g/day for carbohydrates; 782,4±347,7 mL and 834,6±383,2 mL for water. Nutritional education improved nutrition attitudes and increased macro-nutrient intake among scout.

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Short Term Efficacy of Entecavir in the Treatment of Decompensated Chronic Hepatitis B Cirrhosis

Proceedings of Anticancer Research ◽

10.26689/par.v4i6.1685 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Weiwei Fu

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Liver Function ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Hbv Dna ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment

Objective: To explore the effect of entecavir on patients with decompensated chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis. Methods: From October 2007 to December 2019, 100 patients with decompensated chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis who were treated in our hospital were selected to carry out this study. The clinical data of the patients were analyzed. According to whether entecavir treatment was carried out, 100 patients were divided into two groups, 50 cases in the control group and 50 cases in the observation group. The control group was treated with conventional drugs, and the observation group was treated with entecavir. Liver function indexes, liver fibrosis indexes, HBV-DNA negative conversion rate and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the liver function indexes of the observation group were lower, P < 0.05; Compared with the control group, the observation group was better, P < 0.05; The negative rate of HBV-DNA in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05); There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups, P > 0.05. Conclusion: Entecavir can not only improve the liver function, but also enhance the short-term treatment effect, without increasing adverse reactions, and has high safety, which is worthy of recommendation.

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The Effectiveness of Using Coloured Blocks in Teaching the Concept of Balancing Chemical Equation in Chemistry

JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES ◽

10.31258/jes.1.1.p.45-55 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Razreena Ridzuan ◽

Zanaton H. Iksan

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Significant Development ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chemical Equations ◽

Post Test ◽

Chemical Equation ◽

Potential Tool ◽

Test Control

The aim of this study is to study the effectiveness of using coloured blocks in teaching the concept of balancing chemical equation in chemistry. It is expected that students will improve their understanding in this concept and students interest in chemistry. This study examined how by using coloured blocks will help students understand the concept of balancing chemical equation which is an important concept to master in Form 4 Chemistry. Using pre and post-test control group design, the study involved a comparison between a control group (n=20) which were taught using the conventional chalk and talk method to balance chemical equation while the treatment group (n=20) were taught to balance chemical equations using coloured blocks. After pre-test, there was a significant difference between control and treatment group on their post-test scores with effect size of 1.31. Students who had used coloured blocks to balance chemical equations showed significant development in their post-test compared to the students who were taught using the conventional method. Students also showed high interest in chemistry upon using coloured blocks in teaching the concept of balancing chemical equation. The research results recommended the use of coloured blocks as a potential tool to teach the concept of balancing chemical equations..

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Perbandingan Zat Besi dengan dan Tanpa Vitamin C terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Wanita Usia Subur

Kesmas National Public Health Journal ◽

10.21109/kesmas.v7i8.19 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 344

Author(s):

Tuti Anggriani Utama ◽

Nora Listiana ◽

Desi Susanti

Keyword(s):

Women Workers ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Hemoglobin Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Test Control

Anemia pada wanita pekerja masih merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan zat besi dengan dan tanpa vitamin C terhadap kadar hemoglobin. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Quasy Experimental dengan Pre Test and Post Test Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 600 orang dan sampel berjumlah 60 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan, wawancara, pemeriksaan hemoglobin, dan data sekunder. Pada kelompok perlakuan diberi tablet zat besi dan dVitamin C, pada kelompok kontrol hanya diberi tablet zat besi. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah pemberian tablet zat besi dengan dan tanpa vitamin C, satu kapsul perminggu.Nilai rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pada kelompok kontrol pada sebelum intervensi yaitu 9,15 gram/dL dan setelah intervensi meningkat menjadi 10,19 gram/dL. Pada kelompok perlakuan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin sebelum intervensi sebesar 9,5 gram/dL dan meningkat menjadi 11,44 gram/dL sesudah inter- vensi. Hasil uji T berpasangan menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada nilai mean kadar hemoglobin pada kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan (nilai p = 0,000). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu masukan perencanaan dan evaluasi program gizi yang dapat dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan pola hidup sehat wanita pekerja di PT Sarana Mandiri Mukti Kepahiang.Anemia in women workers, remains a health problem that can reduce work productivity. The study aimed to compare iron with and without vitamin C to hemoglobin levels. Quasy experimental research was conducted with pre test and post test control group design. Study population were of 600 people and 60 people as sample with random sampling technique. Data was collected through observations, interviews, examination of hemoglobin and secondary data. In the treatment group were given iron and plus Vitamin C, in the control group were given only iron. Intervention is the provision of iron with and without vitamin C, one capsule a week.Mean of hemoglobin level in control group before intervention was 9.15 gram/dL increased to 10.19 gram/dL in after intervention. Treatment group also show increasing hemoglobin level mean before and after intervention from 9.5 gram/dL to 11.44 gram/dL. Paired T test revealed significant differences between control and treatment group (p value = 0.000). It is hoped this research can be used as one input and evaluation of nutrition programs planning to do in order to improve healthy lifestyles of women workers at PT Sarana Mandiri Mukti Kapahiang.

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The Effect of Music Therapy on Pain The Level of Postoperative Patients' with Caesarean Section at Islamic Hospital A.Yani, Surabaya

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.33086/jhs.v5i2.11 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nanik Handayani

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Music Therapy ◽

Control Group ◽

Pain Level ◽

Pharmacological Management ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Test Control

Pain is the most common effects in patients after undergoing surgery of Caesarean section. Pain management using pharmacological and non pharmacological management, one of non-pharmacological management is using music therapy The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of music therapy on pain level of postoperative patients' with Caesarean section. The type of study is analytic with True Experimental type with Pre Post Test Control Group Design done by Random Allocation. The study population is post-operative Caesarean section mothers who are hospitalized in Surabaya Islamic Hospital Surabaya Jl. A Yani since May 2011. The Sample are some populations above mentioned with amount of 24 respondents, 12 respondents as a control and 12 respondents were given music therapy. The Sampling technique uses Consecutive Sampling. Independent variable is music therapy and dependent variable is pain level. The instrument used to measure the independent variables is a check sheet lists while the dependent variable is Descriptive Pain Intensity Scale. To analyze the changes of pain level in the control group and the treatment used Paired T Test, the result showed that values of ρ is 0.166 or (ρ > 0.05), so there is no significant change of pain level on a pre test and post test control group, whereas in treatment group obtained value of ρ is 0.000 or (ρ < 0.05), so there is a significant change of pain level on a pre test and post test. To analyze differences of pain levels in control group and treatment group is used Independent T Test. The results of study got value of ρ is 0.807 (ρ > 0.05). So there is no significant difference of pain level pre test in control and treatment groups, while the post test value of ρ is 0.024 (ρ < 0.05). So there is a significant difference of pain level post test in control and treatment groups. So it can be conclude that there is influence of music therapy toward pain levels of postoperative patients of Caesarean section. Music therapy is expected to be used as a Complementary Therapy to reduce pain at the incision Caesarean section.

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