scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Klebsiella pneumonia from Various Clinical and environmental Samples in Diwaniyah hospitals.

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahraa Ahmed ◽  
Firas Srhan Abd AlMayahi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Different Sources

            Antibiotic resistance in bacteria has become a worrying phenomenon in today's world,    K. pneumoniae is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, which causes nosocomial infections as  an opportunistic pathogen but inherently harbored as a part of the natural human microbiota this study aims to inform the sensitivity of bacteria to different antibiotics commonly used in the treatment against K. pneumoniae strains isolated from different infection sites and hospital environmental samples. Samples were collected from different sources (n = 886) were recorded from Diwaniyah hospitals during the period from August 2019 to January 2020, Among the 275 isolates positive for bacterial culture, only 70 isolates (40%) were identified as K.pneumoniae by standard  microbiological techniques and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion testing to 29 antibiotics using the tablet diffusion method according to CLSI 2020,  The results susceptibility testing showed that frequency resistance of K. pneumoniae isolates to Pipercillin and Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid was (100 %), Cefuroxime )97.14%) Cefoxitin (50%), Cefotaxime (74.28%), ceftriaxone (84.28%), aztreonam (52.85%), ceftazidime (81.42%), Tetracycline (70%), Nitrofurantoin (61.42%), Amikacin (57.14%), ciprofloxacin (50%). Also, the results showed the highest frequency of susceptibility            among  K.pneumoniae was associated withOfloxacin(78.57%), Netilmicin(74.28%), Gentamicin(75.71%), Meropenem(68.57%), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole(64.28%),  Levofloxacin(72.85%).

scholarly journals Phenotypic detection of Carbapenamase among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using modified Hodged test

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
HauwaYakubu ◽  
Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu ◽  
Asma’u Salisu ◽  
Abdulmumin Ibrahim Sulaiman ◽  
Fatima Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tract Infections

Carbapenemases are microbial enzymes that confer resistance to virtually all available beta-lactam antibiotics and the most frequent carbapenemases are the Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenamase (KPC). Detection of carbapenemases is a significant infection control strategy as the enzymes are often associated with extensive antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic failures and mortality associated with infectious diseases. A total of 400 clinical samples were collected from different groups of patients in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria and 118 K. pneumoniae were isolated using standard microbiological techniques. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, then screened for Carbapenamase production using modified Hodge test. The results indicated that the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (61.9%), Ceftriaxone (50.8%) and Ceftazidime (50.8%), then Ciprofloxacin (54.2%), but predominantly sensitive to Imipenem (66.9%), Eterpenem (60.2%) and Meropenem (65.3%). It was found that 38 (32.2%) of the isolates phenotypically shows the presence of Carbapenamase, with highest frequency of (40.7%) among patients, mainly adult females with cases of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and the least from wound (11.8%).This study revealed that the isolates produced other beta-lactamases than KPC or variants of Carbapenamase that cannot be detected by modified Hodge test, thus shows low resistance to carbapenems. Therefore further studies is needed to genotypically confirm the presence of KPC in these isolates.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the virulence factors of Klebsiella spp. Isolated from different environments: دراسة مقارنة لعوامل الضراوة الخاصة ببكتيريا الكليبسيلا Klebsiella spp. المعزولة من بيئات مختلفة

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laith Mosleh Naguib , Nagham Mued Hamdy
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The Current study conducted to investigate of different virulence factors for bacterial isolates resistant to antibiotics and isolated from different environments. where it was collected 247 clinical and environmental samples from different sources isolated on Nutrient agar media.    The results of bacterial culture have shown that 46 isolation dating back to the bacterium Klebsiella spp , isolates  also showed mixed results towards  antibiotics . and antibiotic sensitivity results were selected 18 bacterial isolates resistant to antibiotics to study some of the virulence factors ant to investigate the genes responsible for the kinship between the isolates using (PCR), and the results showed the overall rate of similarity of isolates sick and environmental by 64%, which shows that source of bacterial infections maybe caused by contact with water or soil.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Imipenem and Meropenem Susceptibilities amongst Gram Negative Rods

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1807-1809
Author(s):  
Sadia Ikram ◽  
Anila Errum ◽  
Asma Inam ◽  
Farrukh Sarfaraz ◽  
Sadia Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

Aim: To compare the resistance amongst Gram negative bacteria against imipenem and meropenem. Study Design: Prospective, non-randomized, descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Mughal Laboratories, Lahore from 1stJuly 2019 to 31stDecember 2019. Methodology: One hundred culture samples received, bacteria isolated and their susceptibilities to imipenem and meropenem were compared. Organisms were recognized by the microbiological techniques according to the current standards and susceptibility testing was done according to the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2020by using Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Results: Salmonella typhi, Citrobacter species and Proteus species were 100% sensitive to imipenem. The rest of bacterial isolates had sensitivities to E. coli 88%, Acinetobacter 80%, Klebsiella species 67% and Peudomonas species 64%. The meropenem is highly resistant in all the bacteria as compared to imipenem. Conclusion: Increasing the trend of carbapenem resistance amongst Gram negative bacteria excluding Salmonella typhi was recorded. Key words: Gram negative rods, Resistance, Spectrum

scholarly journals Salmonella contamination, serovars and antimicrobial resistance profiles of cattle slaughtered in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Madoroba ◽  
Daniel Kapeta ◽  
Awoke K. Gelaw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South African ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Salmonella Serovars

Antimicrobial resistant Salmonella are among the leading causes of foodborne infections. Our aim was to determine Salmonella contamination during cattle slaughter in South African rural abattoirs (n = 23) and environmental samples. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance patterns of the Salmonella isolates were determined. Samples of cattle faeces (n = 400), carcass sponges (n = 100), intestinal contents (n = 62), hides (n = 67), and water from the abattoirs (n = 75) were investigated for Salmonella species using microbiological techniques and species-specific polymerase chain reaction targeting the invA gene. In total 92 Salmonella species isolates were recovered. The Salmonella mean frequency of occurrence on hides, carcasses, and intestinal contents was 35.37% (n = 81). Eleven faecal samples (2.75%) tested positive for Salmonella. The predominant serovar was Salmonella Enteritidis. Diverse serovars that were identified on carcasses were not necessarily found on the hides and intestinal contents. The inconsistent occurrence of the diverse Salmonella serovars on hides, carcasses, and intestinal contents implies that in addition to carriage on hides and in intestinal contents, other external factors also play an important role regarding carcass contamination. The 92 Salmonella were serotyped and tested for susceptibility towards the following antimicrobials: ampicillin, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, kanamycin, and oxytetracycline using the disk diffusion method. Most Salmonella (n = 66; 71.7%) isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial with highest resistance observed towards oxytetracycline (51.90%), which highlights the need for strict hygiene during slaughter and prudent antimicrobial use during animal production. In conclusion, cattle slaughtered in South African rural abattoirs harbour diverse Salmonella serovars that are resistant to antimicrobials, which could be a public health risk. The findings should assist policymakers with improving implementation of hygienic slaughter of cattle in rural abattoirs, which is paramount from socioeconomic, public health, and epidemiological standpoints.Keywords: Salmonella; Cattle; Rural abattoirs; slaughter; Multidrug resistance; Environmental samples

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Localized Pyogenic Infections in Eastern India: A Clinico-Microbiological Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth Purushotham ◽  
Srujana Mohanty ◽  
Preetam Chappity ◽  
Tushar Subhadarshan Mishra ◽  
Ashoka Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Predominant Pathogen ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Appropriate Therapy

Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is increasingly recognized in several regions of the globe. The present study was performed to identify and determine the frequency of B. pseudomallei infection in localized pyogenic lesions in eastern India and describe their clinico-microbiological profile. Pus samples were subjected to standard microbiological techniques for isolation and identification of various bacteria, including B. pseudomallei, which were confirmed by PCR. The clinical and demographic details of patients with melioidosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of B. pseudomallei isolates were analyzed. Of 245 samples, 126 (51.4%) were culture positive, yielding 137 isolates. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen accounting for 54 (39.4%) isolates, followed by B. pseudomallei accounting for 34 (24.8%) isolates. The mean age of the patients with melioidosis was 39.1 years, with males (24/34; 70.6%) being affected more than females (10/34; 29.4%). A majority of the patients were laborers (12/34; 35.3), followed by homemakers (8/34; 23.5%). Head and neck abscesses (35.3%) were the most common presentation followed by pyogenic lesions of the musculoskeletal system (32.3%) and deep organ abscesses (23.5%). Clinical resolution of infection was observed in 31 (91.2%) patients, relapse in two (5.9%) patients, and death in one (2.9%) patient, respectively. Susceptibility testing revealed all B. pseudomallei isolates to be completely susceptible to the following antimicrobials: ceftazidime, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, imipenem, and doxycycline, with one (2.9%) resistant to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid. Burkholderia pseudomallei is an emerging etiological agent of localized pyogenic infections in eastern India, affecting a mainly adult male population. An increased vigilance along with appropriate diagnostic techniques helps in accurate diagnosis facilitating appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals A Identification and Isolation of Several Bacteria from oral cavity among human in Soran City

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Holem Balaky ◽  
Alaa Taha Younis Al-Hammadi
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The aim of this study has been to estimate that the number of bacteria in the mouth exceeds the total number of people on the planet. In this context, scientists have discovered more than 700 different types of human oral bacteria. With such a large number of oral bacteria present, many diseases that may threaten health, especially oral health, can emerge. For this reason, this study was employed and conducted on 252 healthy people in the Soran area of the city of Erbil. Both sexes were involved and different ages were selected. Swabs taken from 226 participants gave positive growths on different culture media. The biochemical properties of the isolates were tested according to Bergeys Manual of Systematic Bacteriology and UK Standards for Microbiology Investigation. The results showed that Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolated pathogen (47.83%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.30%), Bacillus subtilis (23.91%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.43%), Enterobacter aerogenes (4.35%), and Klebsiella pneumonia (2.17%) respectively. Antibiotic Susceptibility testing of different species of bacteria was also performed according to Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton Agar by using commercial antibiotic discs. It seems that the different species of bacteria showed various sensitivity patterns to several kinds of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Pathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 878-882
Author(s):  
Akshatha N ◽  
Anjana Gopi ◽  
Supriya Christopher ◽  
Mangala G.K.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

BACKGROUND Urinary tract Infection (UTI) are the most common clinical conditions in general practice and gynaecological department. Men and women of all age groups are affected by UTI, but its overall prevalence is higher in women. The major causative agents are Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae. In majority of the cases, empirically treatment is started with antimicrobials before the urine culture and sensitivity reports become available. This has led to an increase in antibiotic resistance in urinary pathogens. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens to commonly used antimicrobials in treating UTIs. METHODS A total of 200 urine samples were obtained from patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTIs attending Bapuji and Chigateri General Hospital which are attached to Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra Medical College (JJMMC), Davangere for a period of 3 months that is from May 2016 to July 2016. Urine samples were processed within 2 hours of reaching the laboratory. Semi quantitative urine culture was done. Isolation and identification were done by performing standard biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the standard disc diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer technique. RESULTS There were 170 urinary isolates from 200 samples. Children less than 10 years were more affected 54 (27 %). Female patients were more, 119 (59.5 %) compared to males 81 (40.5 %). Escherichia coli was the most predominant isolate, 71 (41.8 %) followed by Enterococcus species 22 (1.9 %). Organisms were resistant to commonly used antibiotics i.e., cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and amoxicillin. Both gram negative and gram-positive isolates were sensitive to amikacin and nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSIONS In present study Escherichia coli is the predominant pathogen. Uncomplicated UTIs can be empirically treated by nitrofurantoin. Occurrence of treatment failure with commonly used antimicrobials is more often in Indian setting. Hence, antimicrobial susceptibility testing must be employed routinely. KEY WORDS UTIs, Uropathogens, E. coli, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Commercial Antibiotic Discs in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Mercy I. Aboh ◽  
Yakubu Ya’aba ◽  
Shehu B. Mohammed ◽  
Peters O. Oladosu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Accuracy Of Results

Clinically, antimicrobial susceptibility testing results provide guidance in the choice of antimicrobial agents in patient care. The accuracy of results from antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be affected by multiple factors including the media, antimicrobial discs or preparations, inoculum’s size, plate reading and incubation conditions. Misleading results from antimicrobial susceptibility test leads to the indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics and have impacted grossly to the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance. The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of different brands of locally and foreign manufactured multi-antibiotic discs on bacteria and assess any significant variation. Two brands each of locally and foreign manufactured multi-antibiotic discs were purchased from retail stores within the FCT. The antibacterial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Salmonella typhi ATCC 9150, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Streptococcus pyogenes were carried out using agar diffusion method. There were differences between the diameter zones of inhibition produced by the local brands and the foreign brands of antibiotic discs. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (30 µg) disc produced the highest variation within the four brands with zones of inhibition range 12.0 – 20.0 mm against the test organisms. There is need for regulatory bodies like NAFDAC and SON to routinely validate and assess the qualities of these products in the market.

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity Pattern of Salmonella Species I1o-laJed by Btood culture in BangabandhuSheikhMujibMedicalUniversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abu Saleh ◽  
Naser Ibne Sattar ◽  
Sharmeen Ahmed ◽  
Md. Ruhul Amin Miah
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

Typhoid fever occurs in all parts of the world where water supplies and sanitation are sub-standard. Despite the availability of newer antibiotics, emerging antimicrobial resistance has become an increasing problem in the management of Typhoid fever cases. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella species isolated by blood culture. This was a retrospective study considering the period of January to December 2007  at Bangahandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. Blood samples for culture were collected by venepuncture, immediately inoculated into Brain Heart infusion broth and incubated at 370 C. After 24 hours incubation, subcultures were done twice on Blood agar and MacConkey’s agar plates. Any growth on the sulrcultured plates were identified by standard microbiological techniques. All of the isolates were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test performed by disk diffusion method. A total 2424 specimens of blood collected from patients suspecting of fever, were cultured, out of which 218 (8.99%) were found positive for Salmonella species. In vitro sensitivity test showed that cefixime was highly sensitive (99.41%) followed by  ceftriaxote (97.03%), Azithromycin (83.58%), Ciprofloxacin (67.47%), cefuroxime (73.3%), chloramphenicol (72.62%), co-trimoxazole (69.59%), Amoxicillin (64.33%) and Nalidixic acid (19.26%).  The results call for nationwide surveillance programme to monitor microbial trends and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of salmonella species in Bangladesh.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2008; 02 (02):22-26

Prevalence of urinary tract infections, associated risk factors, and antibiotic resistance pattern of uropathogens in young women at Noakhali, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213
Author(s):  
Imam Hossain ◽  
Sutapa Bhowmik ◽  
Mohammad Sharif Uddin ◽  
Popy Devnath ◽  
Asma Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI) remains one of the most common infections among young females diagnosed in developing countries. The emergence of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens is a global problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and resistance of antibiotics to uropathogens, and to understand the relationship of uropathogens to multiple clinical, social and demographic factors of young female students in a university in Bangladesh. Four hundred freshly voided midstream urine samples collected from young female students and several clinical and socio-demographic variables along with UTI symptomatic queries were determined. Bacterial isolation was carried out by using standard and specific microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Among the tested specimens, 106 (26.5%) has significant bacterial growth, 60 (57%) were symptomatic, and 46 (43%) were asymptomatic. The highest uropathogen was recorded within the age group of 24-25 years (51%). There was a significant association (p < 0.05) of uropathogen with anatomical abnormality of urinary tract, water sources for food preparation and bathing, and the number of person sharing the same toilet. Most predominantly isolated bacteria were E. coli (32.08%) followed by Staphylococcus saprophyticus (24.53%), Streptococcus spp. (16.04%), Klebsiella spp. (14.15%), Aceinetobacter spp. (4.72%), Citrobacter spp. (2.83%), Enterobacter spp. (2.83%), and Pseudomonas spp. (2.83%). In the effectiveness of each treated antibiotic, urinary pathogens were highly resistant towards nalidixic acid (80.19%), ampicillin (75.73%), cephalexin (70%) and azithromycin (68.48) while against imipenem (7.94%) and amikacin (18.87%) least resistancy were found. A good understanding of the etiology of uropathogens will assist the general practitioner to identify the correct therapeutic strategy for the proper management of UTIs. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (2), 202-213

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document