Response of Mosquitoes Associated with Estuarine Wetlands to Bushfire in Australia

ABSTRACT The response of mosquitoes to bushfire is poorly understood. During the 2019–20 summer, many regions of Australia were impacted by devastating bushfires. An area of estuarine and brackish-water wetlands alongside the Georges River, Sydney, New South Wales, was burned in January 2020. Mosquito populations within the area were monitored as part of the local authority's mosquito management program, providing a unique opportunity to record the response of key mosquitoes of pest and public health concern to bushfire. Ground pools within a tidally influenced swamp oak forest dominated by Casuarina glauca and associated wetlands dominated by Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus spp. had been identified as suitable habitat for a range of mosquitoes, including Aedes alternans, Ae. vigilax, and Verrallina funerea. Surveys of immature stages of mosquitoes within recently burned habitats inundated by tides demonstrated that mosquito eggs survived the direct and indirect impacts of fire and immature stages successfully completed development as reflected in concomitant changes in adult mosquito populations following the bushfire. This unique observation has implications for mosquito management following bushfire in Australia and internationally.

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Comparative Study Of Green Practices In Haryana State Universities

Think India ◽

10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1008-1016

Author(s):

Priyanka ◽

Ms Ipshita Bansal

Keyword(s):

State Universities ◽

Small Cities ◽

Large Size ◽

Green Practices ◽

Size Population ◽

Multiple Case ◽

Multiple Case Studies ◽

Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽

Indirect Impacts ◽

Complex Activities

Universities in the state are regarded as ‘small cities’ due to their large size, population, and the various complex activities taking place in campuses, which have some serious direct and indirect impacts on the environment. The current study focuses on the green practices in state universities of Haryana. The comparative analysis has been done between the multiple case studies and find out the best green practices being adopted in universities for moving towards making the green campus and recommend the area of improvement for making environment sustainable campus.

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Impact of Entrepreneurship Extracurricular Activities and Inspiration on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediator and Moderator Effect

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/21582440211032174 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 215824402110321

Author(s):

Thuy Thu Nguyen ◽

Linh Thi Phuong Nguyen ◽

Hoa Thi Thanh Phan ◽

Anh Trong Vu

Keyword(s):

Extracurricular Activities ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Moderator Effect ◽

Technical Students ◽

Research Findings ◽

Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽

Indirect Impacts ◽

The Impact

This empirical study proposed a comprehensive model testing the direct and indirect impacts of entrepreneurship extracurricular activities and entrepreneurship inspiration on students’ entrepreneurial intention. With the sample consisting of 640 students from 11 universities in Vietnam, the study used structural equation modeling analysis approach. The results revealed that entrepreneurship extracurricular activities and entrepreneurship inspiration are significantly related to students’ entrepreneurial intention, and entrepreneurship self-efficacy partially mediates these relations. The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention differs across the field of study. Technical students generally get more benefits from entrepreneurship educational activities than business and economics students do. The research findings recommended some implications for fostering graduates’ entrepreneurship in emerging countries.

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Group Facilitation on Societal Disruption and Collapse: Insights from Deep Adaptation

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116280 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6280

Author(s):

Jem Bendell ◽

Katie Carr

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Environmental Degradation ◽

First Person ◽

Group Facilitation ◽

Environmental Destruction ◽

Difficult Conversations ◽

Radical Uncertainty ◽

Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽

Indirect Impacts

This article synthesises the practice and rationale behind ways of facilitating gatherings on topics of societal disruption and collapse, which is argued to be useful for lessening damaging responses. The authors draw on first-person inquiry as facilitators of gatherings, both online and in person, in the post-sustainability field of ‘Deep Adaptation,’ particularly since 2018. This term describes an agenda and framework for people who believe in the probable, inevitable or unfolding collapse of industrial consumer societies, due to the direct and indirect impacts of human-caused climate change and environmental degradation. Some of the principles of Deep Adaptation facilitation are summarised, such as containment, to enable co-responsibility for a safe enough space for difficult conversations. Another key principle is welcoming radical uncertainty in response to the anxieties that people feel from their anticipation of collapse. A third principle is making space for difficult emotions, which are welcomed as a natural and ongoing response to our predicament. A fourth aspect is a curiosity about processes of othering and separation. This paper provides a review of the theories that a reason for environmental destruction is the process of othering people and nature as being less significant or meaningful. One particular modality called Deep Relating is outlined.

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A Holistic Intersection Rating System (HIRS)—A Novel Methodology to Measure the Holistic Operational Performance of Signalized Urban Intersections

Smart Cities ◽

10.3390/smartcities4030054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1018-1038

Author(s):

Wesam Emad Saba ◽

Salwa M. Beheiry ◽

Ghassan Abu-Lebdeh ◽

Mustafa S. AL-Tekreeti

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Local Economy ◽

Rating System ◽

Operational Performance ◽

Community Activities ◽

Community Wellbeing ◽

Importance Index ◽

Health Community ◽

Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽

Indirect Impacts

Signalized urban intersections are key components of urban transportation networks. They are traditionally viewed and designed as primarily motorized traffic facilities, and thus their physical and operational designs have traditionally aimed at maximizing traffic throughput subject to constraints dictated by vehicular safety requirements and pedestrian crossing needs. Seen from a holistic viewpoint, urban intersections are hubs or effective centers of community activities of which traffic flow is only one. Those hubs have direct and indirect impacts on the overlapping traffic functionalities, the environment, public health, community wellbeing, and the local economy. This study proposes a new rating system, the Holistic Intersection Rating System (HIRS), aimed at appraising signalized intersections from a more inclusive viewpoint. This appraisal covers traffic functionality, sustainability, and public health and community wellbeing. This rating system can be used as a guide to conceive, plan, or design new intersections or revamp existing ones. HIRS rates signalized urban intersections based on the level of use of relevant enabling technologies, and the physical and operational designs that allow those intersections to operate holistically, thus leading to a more human-centric and sustainable operational performance. HIRS was validated using a panel of experts in construction, transportation, and public health. The Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to weigh the HIRS features. The rating system was piloted on a sample of 20 intersections in different cities in the UAE. The results revealed glaring gaps in services to or the consideration of pedestrians, cyclists, and nearby households. The sample intersections scored a mean of 32% on the public health and community wellbeing section, 37% on the pedestrian subsection, and 15% on the cyclist subsection. Such relatively low scores serve as indicators of areas for improvements, and if mapped to their specific features and their relative weights, specific physical and operations designs and technology integration can be identified as actionable items for inclusion in plans and/or designs.

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Habitat preference, diet and demography of the smoky mouse, Pseudomys fumeus (Rodentia : Muridae), in south-eastern New South Wales

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr01092 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Fred Ford ◽

Andrew Cockburn ◽

Linda Broome

Keyword(s):

Habitat Preference ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Habitat Choice ◽

Early Spring ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Dietary Preference ◽

Winter Diet ◽

South Wales ◽

High Level

The smoky mouse, Pseudomys fumeus, is an endangered rodent for which ecological information is lacking across much of its range. This paper provides the first detailed study of the local diet and habitat preference of P. fumeus since 1980, conducted on the recently discovered Nullica population in New South Wales. Diet and trap-revealed movements were examined in conjunction with 18 characteristics of habitat to determine the factors influencing habitat choice. Multiple logistic regression of habitat variables and capture locations revealed a floristically determined preference for heath habitat characterised by Epacris impressa, Monotoca scoparia, Leptospermum trinervium, Xanthorrhoea spp. and a variety of legumes. Hypogeal fungi and seeds were the most common food items in the diet of P. fumeus. Fungi were most abundant in winter diet, while seeds and fruit became dominant in late spring and summer. The spring and summer preference for ridge-top heath habitats observed in this study is probably the result of this dietary preference. Resident females constituted 71% of the population in early spring. However, there was a severe decline in numbers of female mice during early spring, and resident males also disappeared from the population. Causes of the decline were unclear. Five of eleven males captured during this study were transient, while no transient females were caught. The sudden decline in the study population, combined with the patchy distribution of suitable habitat and high level of male transience, suggests that P. fumeus form a metapopulation in the Nullica region.

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Mutualistic strategies minimize coextinction in plant–disperser networks

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2016.2302 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 284 (1854) ◽

pp. 20162302 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Evan C. Fricke ◽

Joshua J. Tewksbury ◽

Elizabeth M. Wandrag ◽

Haldre S. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Network Structure ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Empirical Relationship ◽

Network Models ◽

Mutualistic Interactions ◽

Simulated Network ◽

Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽

Indirect Impacts ◽

The Stability ◽

Seed Dispersal Mutualism

The global decline of mutualists such as pollinators and seed dispersers may cause negative direct and indirect impacts on biodiversity. Mutualistic network models used to understand the stability of mutualistic systems indicate that species with low partner diversity are most vulnerable to coextinction following mutualism disruption. However, existing models have not considered how species vary in their dependence on mutualistic interactions for reproduction or survival, overlooking the potential influence of this variation on species' coextinction vulnerability and on network stability. Using global databases and field experiments focused on the seed dispersal mutualism, we found that plants and animals that depend heavily on mutualistic interactions have higher partner diversity. Under simulated network disruption, this empirical relationship strongly reduced coextinction because the species most likely to lose mutualists depend least on their mutualists. The pattern also reduced the importance of network structure for stability; nested network structure had little effect on coextinction after simulations incorporated the empirically derived relationship between partner diversity and mutualistic dependence. Our results highlight a previously unknown source of stability in mutualistic networks and suggest that differences among species in their mutualistic strategy, rather than network structure, primarily accounts for stability in mutualistic communities.

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Indirect Impacts of COVID-19: A Case Study of Evidence, Advice and Representation From Consumer and Community Members in New South Wales Australia

Journal of Patient Experience ◽

10.1177/2374373521998628 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 237437352199862

Author(s):

Tara Dimopoulos-Bick ◽

Louisa Walsh ◽

Kim Sutherland

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

New South ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

New South Wales ◽

Direct Consequence ◽

Community Members ◽

South Wales ◽

Health Consumers ◽

Indirect Impacts

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect health care systems globally, and there is widespread concern about the indirect impacts of COVID-19. Indirect impacts are caused by missed or delayed health care—not as a direct consequence of COVID-19 infections. This study gathered experiences of, and perspectives on, the indirect impacts of COVID-19 for health consumers, patients, their families and carers, and the broader community in New South Wales, Australia. A series of semi-structured virtual group discussions were conducted with 33 health consumers and community members between August 24 and August 31, 2020. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. The analysis identified 3 main themes: poor health outcomes for individuals; problems with how health care is designed and delivered; and increasing health inequality. This case study provides insight into the indirect impacts of COVID-19. Health systems can draw on the insights learned as a source of experiential evidence to help identify, monitor and respond to the indirect impacts of COVID-19.

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Predictors of successful weight loss in children treated at a community hospital–based tertiary care pediatric weight management program

Journal of Child Health Care ◽

10.1177/13674935211037535 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136749352110375

Author(s):

Zina C Mc Sweeney ◽

Morgan D McSweeney ◽

Shirley H Huang ◽

Samareh G Hill

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Management ◽

Body Mass ◽

Community Hospital ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Management Program ◽

Health Concern ◽

Weight Management Program ◽

Pediatric Weight Management ◽

Weight Management Programs

Childhood obesity is a major public health concern. However, predictors of successful outcomes for patients treated at multidisciplinary community hospital–based pediatric weight management programs remain poorly understood. We conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate 633 pediatric patients from ages 2 to 18 at a tertiary pediatric weight management program in 2018. Predictors were evaluated in univariate comparisons, and significant variables were included in a linear regression analysis to identify factors associated with improvements in body mass index relative to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile body mass index (%BMIp95). We found that male sex and increased number of clinical visits were independently and significantly associated with reductions in %BMIp95. Baseline %BMIp95, age, preferred language, and insurance status were not significant predictors of outcomes. A total of 398 (63%) patients experienced a decrease in %BMIp95 from baseline to follow-up. One quarter (24.8%) of patients experienced a decrease in %BMIp95 of at least 5%, a threshold associated with cardiometabolic improvements. Further, we observed significant improvements in cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, HbA1c, and waist circumference. These findings support a potential need for sex- and gender-tailored care as well as the benefits of increased access to pediatric weight management programs.

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Corruption, Income and Piracy. An empirical analysis

Review of Law & Economics ◽

10.1515/rle-2013-0005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Insaf Bekir

Keyword(s):

Direct Effect ◽

Software Piracy ◽

Empirical Examination ◽

Absolute Value ◽

Indirect Impact ◽

Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽

Using Data ◽

Indirect Impacts ◽

Positive Direct ◽

Lower Income Countries

AbstractThis paper subjects the piracy-corruption relationship to a detailed empirical examination. A distinction is drawn between the direct impact of corruption on piracy and the indirect impact which operates through corruption’s impact on per capita income and the resultant impact of income on piracy. Using data for 100 countries covering the period 1996–2010, both direct and indirect impacts of corruption on software piracy are estimated. Corruption is estimated to have a positive direct effect on the piracy rate. The indirect effect is found to be negative and smaller in absolute value than the direct effect for the majority of the sample income range. As a result, the total effect of corruption on software piracy is positive except for the lower income countries in the sample.

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