scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF E-GOVERNMENT ON THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Maksym Tsutskiridze ◽  
Anatoliy Bereza
Keyword(s):  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to determine the way e-government can reduce corruption in the country and to analyze the dynamics of four indices of corruption in Ukraine. The subject of the research is the features of the civil law nature of electronic money. Methodology. Research methods are chosen based on the object, subject and purpose of the study. When researching, the general scientific and special methods of legal science have been used. Thus, the analysis and synthesis method as well as the logical method have been used to formulate a holistic view on the relationship between e-government and corruption, its features and legal nature. The logical-semantic method has been used to establish the meaning of the concepts “corruption” and “e-government”, “inflation”. The legal modeling method has been applied to formulate the relevant conclusions and propositions. Results. The potential of e-government impact on the level of corruption in the country is analysed, in particular, depersonification, deregulation and transparency. The main obstacles to the implementation of e-government initiatives (problems with the access to the Internet, limited list of electronic services, sabotage by the government officials) and factors affecting the level of corruption (economic freedom, inflation, welfare level, political stability) are highlighted. Practical implication. The comparison of international indicators on the level of development of e-government and the level of corruption in Ukraine does not confirm such dependence, although there is a positive correlation between liberalization of the economic sphere and reduction of the level of corruption. Value/originality. The study shows that e-government as the tool to combat corruption can be effective only in combination with other means. Accordingly, the list and scope of electronic public services should be expanded; this could give impetus to further deregulation, which is a key component of economic freedom.

scholarly journals THE CIVIL LAW NATURE OF ELECTRONIC MONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Panova ◽  
Vitalii Makhinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Practical Implication ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the article is to examine the civil law nature of electronic money. The subject of the research is the features of the civil law nature of electronic money. Methodology. Research methods are chosen based on the object, subject and purpose of the study. The study used general scientific and special methods of legal science. Thus, the analysis and synthesis method as well as the logical method were used to formulate a holistic view on electronic money, their features and legal nature. The logical-semantic method was used to establish the meaning of the concepts “electronic money”, “non-cash money”, “payment instrument”, “electronic payment instrument”. The comparative method was used when analyzing scientific categories, definitions and approaches. The legal modeling method was applied to formulate the author’s definition of the term “electronic money”. Results. The article generalizes scientific views on the civil law nature of electronic money. A distinction has been made between electronic money and currency unit, non-cash money and the right to claim. As the result it has been established that electronic money is the monetary obligation. Practical implication. The study should assist in developing the unified approach to the issue of the civil law nature of electronic money. Value/originality. As the result of the study the author’s definition of the concept “electronic money” with regard to its civil law nature has been proposed.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CORRUPTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS OF STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Sviderskyi ◽  
Andrii Lubentsov
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to examine the impact of corruption on the development of legal and economic systems of State. The subject of the research is the impact of corruption on the development of legal and economic systems of States. Methodology. Research methods are chosen based on the object, subject and purpose of the study. The study used general scientific and special methods of legal science. Thus, the analysis and synthesis method as well as the logical method were used to formulate a holistic view on corruption, its features, aspects as well as the ways in which it can be manifested. The logical-semantic method was used to establish the meaning of the term “corruption”, “informal sector”, “legal system”. The comparative method was used when analyzing scientific categories, definitions and approaches. The legal modeling method has been applied to develop proposals for improving anti-corruption regulatory framework. Results. The article generalizes scientific views on the interpretation of the concept of corruption, on the basis of which the authors’ view on this category is proposed. Psychological and sociological aspects of corruption are explored. The scientific opinion that corruption is a negative phenomenon that impedes the proper functioning of social, economic and legal systems of State is substantiated. Practical implication. Particular attention is paid to the fact that corruption is directly related to the informal sector. Therefore, it is emphasized that the legislator should create all the necessary organizational and legal conditions in order to minimize the risks of corruption in State. Value/originality. There is a need to raise legal awareness of citizens as an important factor in counteracting corruption and its manifestations in society, because nowadays corruption is treated with higher tolerance, is being taken for granted, that is, it is becoming a norm in modern society.

scholarly journals High Anti-Corruption Court of Ukraine: the peculiarities of establishment and the first results

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Oleksii Drozd ◽  
Yaroslav Nykytiuk ◽  
Liliia Dorofeieva ◽  
Olha Andriiko ◽  
Serhii Sabluk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
First Results ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of establishment of the High Anti-Corruption Court of Ukraine (HACC) and to consider the first results of its work. Methodology. Thus, the analysis and synthesis method as well as the logical method were used to formulate a holistic view on corruption and its features, as well as the ways, in which it can be manifested. The logical-semantic method was used to establish the meaning of the term “corruption”. The historical method was useful in studying the history of the establishment of the HACC. The comparative method was used when analyzing Ukrainian legal acts, which regulate the issue under consideration, as well as scientific views on the topic. The system and structural method was applied to determine the institutional features of the HACC. The method of systematic analysis made it possible to identify the operational characteristics of this agency. The legal modeling method was helpful in drawing conclusions of the research. The results of the study. The high level of corruption of Ukraine has led to the need to find the ways to counteract it. To that end, the system of bodies of pre-trial investigation and prosecution of high-ranking officials for corruption offenses has been created over the last three years. The establishment of the HACC was the final stage of this reform. Practical implications. Since the international experience in establishing anti-corruption courts is quite controversial, it was found that many scholars are skeptical about the ability of the HACC to reduce corruption in Ukraine. So, the list of arguments for and against the operation of HACC in Ukraine was comprehensively reviewed. Value / originality. As a result of the research, the authors identified both the shortcomings and the benefits of the work of Ukrainian anti-corruption court.

scholarly journals Analysis of public debt of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Vitalina Malyshko ◽  
Natalia Yevtushenko ◽  
Yuliia Horodnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Zero Values ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject of research is public debt. The purpose of this article is to analyze the status of public debt of Ukraine, its dynamics and structure. Methods which were used in course of research: the method of systemic structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, statistical, General, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results.The article described the views of scientists on the essence of economic category «public debt». Analyzed the periods of the formation of government debt, the dynamics of the budget deficit of Ukraine over the past 10 years, public and publicly guaranteed debt of Ukraine from 2012 to 2019 Indicated the negative effects of the impact of public debt on the economy and forward-looking indicators of public debt in the years 2020-2024. Application of results.Тhe results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as well as in institutions of higher education in teaching economic disciplines. Conclusions.The state budget of Ukraine is performed by increasing the volume of its deficiency and the use of borrowing to Finance it. The result is an increase in government direct and guaranteed debt, and this is what causes the increased pressure on the public finances, on the development of our country, which negatively affects economic growth. During the years of independence, there were fluctuations in government and government-guaranteed debt, but never reached zero values. The main objective of the government is to stabilize the economy, and hence in the medium term, he needs to resolve the question of reducing public debt because it poses a threat to financial and economic security of the country.

Fiscal Deficit and Economic Growth in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebney Ayaj Rana ◽  
Abu N. M. Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Government Budget Deficit

The economy of Bangladesh is currently going through a period of continuous budget deficit. The present data suggest that the government budget deficit, on average, is nearly 5% of the country’s GDP. This has been true since the early 2000s. To finance this deficit, governments have been borrowing largely from domestic and foreign sources resulting in inflationary pressure on one hand, and crowding out of private investments on the other. During the same period, although the economy has grown steadily at a rate of more than 6%, this growth is less than the potential. This article presents an econometric study of the impact of government budget deficits on the economic growth of Bangladesh. We conduct a time-series analysis using ordinary least squares estimation, vector error correction model, and granger causality test. The findings suggest that the government budget deficit has statistically significant negative impact on economic growth in Bangladesh. Policy implications of our findings include reestablishing the rule of law, political stability in the country, restructuring tax structure, closing tax loopholes, and harmonizing fiscal policy with monetary policy to attract additional domestic and foreign investment.

scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Political Instability on ICT and Economic Growth Nexus in Kenya: ARDL Bound - Co-Integration Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matundura Erickson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adf Test ◽  
The Relationship

The government has attempted to target specific macroeconomic factors in order to stimulate economic growth in Kenya through monetary and fiscal policies. Despite these efforts, Kenya's GDP growth is hampered by high interest rates and high interest rate volatility. Kenya's ability to address macroeconomic instability hinges on its ability to increase economic growth. Auxiliary evidence shows that perspectives on the relationship between ICT and economic growth are segmented. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of ICT on economic growth in Kenya, as well as the moderating effect of political instability on the relationship. The research was based on Solow's theory of growth. An explanatory research design was used, with data spanning from 1990-2020 obtained from Kenya Bureau of Statistics. In the empirical analysis, the study used the bound test to test for a long-run relationship and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) to evaluate the relationship between the variables. The data was subjected to an Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test to determine stationarity.The long run ARDL results indicated that the coefficients of; ICT rate were insignificant . However with the introduction of political instability as the moderator ICT was significant and positively affected economic growth. Political instability moderated the relationship between ICT ( and economic growth. As a result, promoting effective governance should help to improve political stability. The findings of this study will help the government figure out how to address the problem of low economic growth. According to the study, the government should invest in the ICT sector to improve its accessibility and affordability. Additionally, the government should work to improve political stability and good governance by gradually establishing institutions that uphold the rule of law and provide security.

Economic freedom and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. DeBode ◽  
Dana L. Haggard ◽  
K. Stephen Haggard
Keyword(s):  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Legal Origin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Origins ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business Freedom

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of broad cultural dimensions, as well as those of religion and legal origin, on countries’ economic freedom, i.e., trade freedom, investment freedom, business freedom, labor freedom, monetary freedom, as well as a composite measure of economic freedom. Design/methodology/approach Linear regression of publicly available data regarding economic freedom (Miller et al., 2018) on cultural dimensions (Hofstede, 2009), legal origin and religion (LaPorta et al., 1999) for 52 countries was performed to determine the impact of these factors on economic freedom. Findings Results indicated femininity was the cultural dimension associated with the most measures of economic freedom. Short-term-oriented cultures were predictive of greater business freedom, while more restrained cultures were associated with greater business and monetary freedoms. Higher individualism was predictive of greater monetary freedom. Catholicism positively predicted investment freedom and negatively predicted business freedom. French civil law negatively predicted labor freedom, while socialist legal origins positively predicted trade freedom, but negatively predicted business freedom. Originality/value This is the first study to examine the impacts of culture, law and religion on economic freedom. One practical implication of this research is that countries would be wise to emphasize more feminine aspects in their cultures, as these are associated with greater economic freedom. Even minor adjustments that move in the direction of cooperation and fair processes might help increase economic freedoms and the many benefits that stem from such freedoms.

Factors Affecting Indian Consumers’ Intention to Use eHealth Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridhi Bhatia ◽  
Udita Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Indian Consumers ◽  
Customer Segment ◽  
Ehealth Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This study focuses on the degree of acceptance of different categories of eHealth among the Indian consumers and the factors that determine acceptance and intention to use these services. The factors included for the study are as follows: demographic factors, use of information and communication technology (ICT) and the status of healthcare. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through personal interviews from a sample of 125 respondents living in urban and semi-urban villages in the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi of India. Quota sampling method was used so that the impact of demographic factors on eHealth services could be analysed. Findings: From this study, we can conclude that the key factors that need to be considered include age, location, computer literacy and healthcare status in terms of healthcare need, accessibility and satisfaction. Practical implications: The results of this study will help in determining the customer segment and size of the market for eHealth. The government can also use the findings of this study to improve the quality of healthcare for its people by ensuring better utilization of eHealth services. Originality/value: eHealth services are an emerging solution to address the issues of healthcare accessibility, affordability and financial viability in developing countries like India. This study contributes to the limited existing literature on exploring the consumers’ intention to use eHealth services in India and the factors that will determine this intention.

Order and Stability in Social Transition: Neoconservative Political Thought in Post-China

1997 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 593-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Feng
Keyword(s):  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Social Transition ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Political Liberalization ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Chinese Intellectual ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chinese Intellectuals

With the end of the Deng Xiaoping era, China is struggling to define its future. Ongoing socioeconomic changes, impelled by Deng's reform since 1979, pose an unprecedented challenge to the post-Deng political leaders in terms of how to govern an increasingly open and economically prosperous but tension-ridden and potentially unstable society. This question also concerns many Chinese intellectuals and has actually become a new locus of intellectual political thinking. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that expanded economic freedom would foster the demands of political liberalization, the view prevailing in current Chinese intellectual circles is that of so-called neoconservatism.1 This term is loosely used to label a body of arguments calling for political stability, central authority, tight social control, role of ideology and nationalism.2 Such calls are also made by the government, but neoconservatism distinguishes itself from the official statements by defending the current political order from somehow different approaches and with very different rhetoric.

scholarly journals The factors affecting accessibility to credit capital of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Phung The Dong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hong Nham
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Business Loan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The difficulty in accessing loans is one of the major barriers to the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Low accessibility to capital forces SMEs to spend both official and unofficial costs in order to obtain loans, and/or to access the unofficial market at higher interest rates, thereby increasing cost of production of enterprises. Studies suggest that the determinants of bank loan processing through which small and medium enterprises can access official loans include: characteristics of enterprises; indicators, reflecting the performance of enterprises; characteristics of loans; characteristics of enterprises, enterprise owners; geographical position of enterprises; the creditworthiness of enterprises and the role of the network.Purpose of the study.The aim of this paper is the quantitative analysis of the factors, affecting accessibility to credit capital of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam.Materials and methods.This study was conducted on the basis of a survey in December 2017. The survey includes 301 enterprises in Hanoi city. Selected enterprises are also enterprises, surveyed in the annual enterprise survey by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. This paper uses the Probit and Logit regression approach to estimate the impact of factors, affecting the disbursement probability of a loan of an enterprise. The number of SMEs accounts for 56.69% of the samples. The number of enterprises, applying for a bank loan accounts for 58.4% of the total samples, of which the percentage of disbursed loans for SMEs accounts for only 47.3%. For enterprises without a bank loan, eliminating the reasons for the lack of demand and unwish to be in debt, the main reasons not to access bank loans are high interest rates, complicated loan procedures and insufficient collateral.Results.The results obtained from the Logistic and Probit models show that the estimated coefficients are statistically significant, affecting the probability of taking a business loan, accepted by financial institutions. Although the coefficients, estimated from Logistics model are larger than those estimated from the Probit model, the estimated results show that the direction of impact of the variables in two estimation techniques gives quite similar results.Conclusion.Based on the results of this study, the Government of Vietnam should implement policies to support SMEs in the direction of improving their access to capital. The credit institutions should design products and services suitable to the characteristics of SMEs in Vietnam.

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