scholarly journals Seleksi Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) Berumur Genjah Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Generasi M2

Agrologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsah Ashri Noor Azizah ◽  
Noladhi Wicaksana ◽  
Dedi Ruswandi
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Spatial Plan

Mutation breeding  using gamma-ray irradiation is one way to improve thevariability of bambara groundnuts. Improved variability can increase the effectiveness of selection on bambara groundnuts. The objective of this research was to obtain some genotypes of bambara groundnut of M2 generation that are of early maturity and high yield from gamma-ray irradiation through phenotypic selection. The experimental design was Spatial Plan, using the descriptive-comparative method. Bambara groundnuts accessions (KB-29 (1)) were treated with gamma-ray irradiation with different doses namely 100 Gy, 150 Gy, and 200 Gy. The results of this study showed that the phenotypic variability of the population irradiated by gamma rays 100 Gy, 150 Gy, and 200 Gy on the character of flowering time, harvest time, and all yielding ability characters was broad. The results of selection obtained 30 of the best genotypes that have advantages in the character of early maturity based on scoring value.

Selection for Growth Traits on M1V1 Generation of Raja Bulu Banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) Obtained by Gamma Rays Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nandariyah Nandariyah ◽  
Endang Yuniastuti ◽  
Sukaya Sukaya ◽  
Sonia Ika Yudhita
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

<p><a name="_Hlk39513249"></a><span lang="EN-US">Raja Bulu is one of the banana varieties favored by the community because of its thick fruit flesh and sweet taste. However, its parthenocarpic characteristic and vegetative propagation make this banana variety has limited genetic variation. Attempt to improve the genetic variation was conducted through induced mutation breeding using gamma-ray mutagens. This research aimed to select M1V1 generation of Raja Bulu banana (<em>Musa paradisiaca</em> Linn.) obtained by gamma rays’ irradiation for their growth traits which are expected to produce banana varieties that have an early maturity and high yield. This study used a randomized complete block design without replication by observing the generative growth of each individual of Raja Bulu banana irradiated by gamma rays and without radiation as a control. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation treatment caused Raja Bulu banana to be harvested earlier and produced higher fruit weight than controls. The gamma-ray irradiation had a random influence on Raja Bulu bananas. The 10 Gy gamma-ray irradiation dosage influenced the morphological diversity in the generative phase of Raja Bulu banana. The treatment of gamma irradiation resulted in 5 individual plants that flowered and matured earlier as compared to controls</span><span lang="IN">.</span></p>

Impact of mutant varieties in Malaysia: challenges and future perspectives for mutation breeding.

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Rusli Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Abstract Malaysia has made substantial progress in plant mutation breeding with the use of nuclear techniques and related biotechnologies, not only in the development of new mutant varieties but also in the establishment of an excellent nuclear research centre. A total of 53 mutant varieties have been developed, including rice Oryza sativa (19), banana Musa acuminata (one), groundnut Arachis hypogaea (two), orchid Dendrobium 'Sonia' (six), chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum morifolium (seven), hibiscus Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (three), roselles Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (three) and other ornamental and landscaping plants (12). Most of the new ornamental varieties have been developed by both acute and chronic gamma-ray irradiation of seeds, rooted cuttings, bulbs and tissue cultures. Food crops that have an economic impact on sustainable agricultural production are mutant varieties of banana ('Novaria') and rice (MRQ74, MR219-9 and MR219-4). 'Novaria' is a selection made from a mutant, 'GN-60A', of 'Grande Naine' (AAA Musa) identified from gamma-ray treated populations of the Biotechnology Laboratory in Seibersdorf, Austria. 'Novaria' was the first mutant variety, officially released in 1995 by the Malaysian Nuclear Agency as a new variety for its improved characteristics such as early flowering, short stature and high yield. MRQ74 is a type of high-quality fragrant rice with newly induced traits such as resistance to blast, long and slender grain shape, non-sticky and with the elongation properties of cooked rice similar to those of Basmati-type rice. It is an indirect mutant variety released in 2003 and one of its parental lines for cross-breeding was the mutant 'Mahsuri', which was developed through mutation breeding using gamma-rays. In 2014, two new mutant varieties of rice, 'MR219-9' and 'MR219-4', which are drought tolerant, high yielding and resistant to blast, were selected from gamma irradiated material. Despite these achievements, applications of induced mutation have decreased during the past 10 years due to reduced funding. Mutation breeding is still a promising technique for the development of novel varieties which in combination with advanced molecular genetics can bring plant mutation breeding into a new era.

scholarly journals The improvement of early maturity red rice mutant trait for drought tolerance

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eries D. Mustikarini ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Nur Basuki ◽  
Kuswanto Kuswanto
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Rice Mutant ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
The Right

Accession of red rice does not have the traits of early maturity, drought tolerance and high yield. Mutation is needed to obtain the desired genetic resources. Gamma-ray irradiation is the right method because it was proved capable of producing hundreds of new varieties, which are better than the previous. This study aimed to identify the improvement of early maturity and drought tolerance of red rice mutant to gamma ray irradiation results. The research materials are M4, M5 and M6 strain, which are derived from the Bangka’s accession local red rice (Celak Madu, Ruten Puren and radix). The three accession seed have been treated with gamma-ray irradiation doses of 150, 200 and 250 Gray. The results showed gamma ray irradiation dose of 150 Gray and 200 Gray to red rice accession can form a mutant with the character of harvesting time less than 115 days after planting and was more drought tolerant than the previous. M6-GR150- 1-9-13 strain was selected as a candidate for early maturity, drought tolerant and high yield mutant.

scholarly journals Variabilitas Genotipe-Genotipe Mutan Krisan (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelv.) Generasi MV5 Hasil Irradiasi Sinar Gamma

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedeh Kurniasih ◽  
Dedi Ruswandi ◽  
Murdaningsih Haeruman Karmana ◽  
Warid Ali Qosim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Dendranthema Grandiflora ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Flower Type

ABSTRACTVariability of mutant genotypes chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelv.) fifth generationsthrough gamma iIrradiationDendranthema grandiflorum Tzvelv. is a major floriculture in Indonesia, and it is one of the five most popular flowers in Indonesia. Chrysanthemum varieties in Indonesia is largely the introduced varieties. Chrysanthemum hybridization especially for decorative flower type in order to obtain superior varieties is relatively difficult, so the mutation breeding is one approach that can be taken to get the chrysanthemum varieties with different phenotypic performances with the that parent.The purpose of this study was to obtain information genetic and phenotypic variability characters observed on chrysanthemum irradiated with gamma ray. The experiment was conducted by an experimental method using a randomized block design (RBD). The treatments consisted of 37 mutants genotypes and 11 genotypes chrysanthemums parent as controls with two replications. The results of this study indicated that the genotypes tested had broad genetic and phenotipic variation for the plant height, flower diameter, number of flower and neck lengths.Key words: Chrysanthemum mutants, Variability, Gamma ray irradiation.ABSTRAKKrisan merupakan komoditas tanaman hias utama di Indonesia dan paling banyak diminati masyarakat. Varietas-varietas krisan yang beredar di Indonesia sebagian besar merupakan varietas introduksi. Persilangan krisan khususnya untuk tipe bunga dekoratif dalam rangka memperoleh varietas unggul relatif sulit dilakukan, sehingga pemuliaan mutasi merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang dapat ditempuh untuk mendapatkan varietas krisan dengan penampilan fenotipik yang berbeda dengan induknya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi variabilitas genetik dan fenotipik karakter-karakter yang diamati pada tanaman krisan yangd iradiasi dengan sinar gamma. Percobaan dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Perlakuan terdiri atas 37 genotipe mutan krisan dan 11 genotipe tetua krisan sebagai kontrol dengan dua ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe-genotipe yang diuji memiliki variabilitas yang luas untuk karakter tinggi tanaman, diameter bunga, jumlah kuntum dan panjang tangkai bunga.Kata kunci: Mutan krisan, Variabilitas, Sinar gamma

scholarly journals Generational Analysis of Generations of M2 and M3 of Green Beans crop (Vigna radiata L.) Gamma-ray Radiation Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Fitri Yanti ◽  
Aslim Rasyad ◽  
Herman Herman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The objective of this research was to determine phenotypic variability of mung bean M2 and M3 Mutant populations resulted from gamma ray irradiation. The Field experiment was conducted by using a completely randomized design in which three populations including M2, M3 and the parent (M0) were planted in 2017. Each population was planted in a plot of 3 m x 2 m with planting space of 30 cm x 20 cm to obtain 100 individual plant per plot. Every population was repeated 5 times so to get  500 plants per population. Observations were collected on all individuals in the population including plant height, number of stem internodes, length of internode, number of primary branches, age of flowering plants, date of harvest, length of pods, number of filled pods, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per plants, and weights of 100 seeds. The results showed that gamma ray irradiation produced mung bean plants with a similar date of harvest. It could be seen from mean values ​​which were not significantly different, the values ​​of diversity, and range were almost equal which indicates the diversity of M2, M3 and M0 populations was relatively similar to the control. M2 and M3 generation of mung bean have large and high quality seeds weighing more than 6.5 g/100 seeds. The homogeneity of variance (HOV) analysis showed that variance of all population of all parameters observed were not homogeny except for plant height, number of stem internode and weight of 100 seeds.

Improvement of soybean through radiation-induced mutation breeding techniques in Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S54-S57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Keun Ha ◽  
Kyung Jun Lee ◽  
Vijayanand Velusamy ◽  
Jin-Baek Kim ◽  
Sang Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Mutation breeding techniques have been used to induce new genetic variations and improve agronomic traits in soybean. In Korea, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has unique radiation facilities to induce plant mutations and has been conducting soybean mutation breeding programmes since the mid-1960s. Until now, the KAERI has developed five soybean mutant cultivars exhibiting early maturity, high yield and seed-coat colour change. In this paper, we review these five mutant cultivars in terms of how to successfully induce unique agronomic characteristics through mutation breeding programmes. A number of induced mutants exhibiting null lipoxygenase enzymes, altered protein patterns or Kunitz trypsin inhibitor activity could serve as genetic resources for the genetic analysis of target genes, and one mutant population has been developed for a reverse genetic study.

scholarly journals Plant Mutation Breeding with Heavy Ion Irradiation at IMP

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xicun Dong ◽  
Xia Yan ◽  
Wenjian Li
Keyword(s):  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Heavy Ion Irradiation ◽  
Heavy Ion Beam

<p>The Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) is one of the ion-beam acceleration facilities intensively used at IMP, founded as national laboratory and opened for user in world from 1992. Since then, a lot of experiments irradiated by heavy ion beam have been carried out in the HIRFL, including plant mutation breeding. In this review, the biological effects induced by heavy ions and their corresponding mechanisms were reported from the point of view of cytological, morphological and molecular levels. To date, a large number of mutants were isolated using heavy ion irradiation IMP, such as early maturity, flower color and shape, high yield and disease resistant. In conclusion, heavy ion beam irradiation is an efficient mutagen and has significant phenotypic variations in plant. Our research will be further focused on transformation of scientific and technological achievements and mutagenic mechanism of heavy ion beam on high plant at the molecular level in the recent future.</p>

scholarly journals Morphological mutants of Zoysia japonica Steud. induced by gamma ray irradiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Mohd Abdul Halim Bin Baharun Azahar ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
Mohd Rafh Yusof ◽  
Abdul Rahim Harun ◽  
SM Samsuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Morphological Mutants ◽  
Induce Mutagenesis ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Study of Zoysia japonica morphological improvement and breeding by induced mutation using gamma ray irradiation was conducted. Mutagenesis by gamma ray irradiation was employed using 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 Gy to treat 30 single node stolons per treatment. It was demonstrated that single node stolon is suitable for gamma ray irradiation mutagenesis in Z. japonica. It has been identified that 76 Gy as the value LD50 is effective to induce mutagenesis on Z. japonica. Survival rate of Z. japonica stolon was greatly reduced when irradiated with higher dosages. This experiment was repeated using LD50 on 1500 single node stolons. Thirty nine morphological mutants were identified and evaluated. Most of the mutants were semi-dwarf and have horizontal growing pattern with reduced internode length and leaf blade length. The altered morphological traits were stable after third cutting back (M1V3) shown by their morphological performance. Mutation breeding is effective in improving Z. japonica when easily recognized cultivars are needed.

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