INFLUENCE OF SOME NATURAL ORGANIC ADDITIVES ON THE QUALITY OF VEGETAL COMPOST

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048
Author(s):  
Irina Smical ◽  
Adriana Muntean ◽  
Valer Micle
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00002
Author(s):  
Ekaterina G. Alexandrova ◽  
Tatyana G. Lazareva

The paper summarizes and analyzes the results of practical studies on the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus champignon mushrooms on a synthetic substrate with the introduction of organic additives into it – food and processing wastes: brewing waste, soybean and sunflower meal semolina. A yield analysis was carried out; indicators characterizing the quality of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms were studied; dependence of yield and quality of mushrooms on flush was demonstrated. It was noted that the preparation time of the substrate affects the number of flushes, respectively, and, correspondingly, on the yield of mushrooms: when growing mushrooms on a synthetic substrate prepared in the spring-summer period, two flushes are noted and, as a result, a higher yield is noted compared to mushrooms grown on a substrate prepared in the autumn-winter period. The study of the quality of fruit bodies showed that the use of additives increased the content of protein, fiber, fat and ash elements (potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium and magnesium). The results showed that the brewing waste is the best organic additive, which contributes not only to the growth of yield, but also to the improvement of the quality of cultured mushrooms. The study demonstrated that the quality of mushrooms obtained in the first flush exceeds the qualitative indicators of mushrooms grown in the second flush. The authors concluded that it is advisable to use organic waste (brewing waste, sunflower meal) as a substrate element when growing mushrooms in industrial conditions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 07003
Author(s):  
Galia Kokieva ◽  
Varvara Dryzianova

Improving the efficiency of maintenance production in agriculture closely connected to the creation and implementation of such methods of repair and recondition of elements that improve the physicomechanical and service properties of wear joint assemblies.The presence of a nitrided case on the surface of elements lays the groundwork for obtaining a complex covering based on chromium nitrides. Electrolytic chromium plating is one of the ways to recondition elements that increase the service life and machines reliability, and reduce maintenance cost. However, the widespread adoption of chromium plating for the recondition of worn elements is hold back by the low productivity of the process. Therefore, the intensification of chromium plating in reconditioning worn-out machine elements is an urgent problem. It is advisable to recondition critical parts subjecting to abrasive wear, for example, precision vapors of fuel injection equipment, with chromium plating. However, the low productivity and high-energy consumption of the process require the improvement of the electrolyte in order to increase the current output of chromium and the permissible cathode density. The article describes a method for improving the quality of an electrolyte, a method for increasing its versatility, namely the supplementation of various organic additives and complexing substances into it.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00040
Author(s):  
Ekaterina G. Alexandrova ◽  
Vladimir A. Milyutkin ◽  
Oksana A. Blinova

The article presents the results of experimental data characterizing the yield and quality of double-spore champignon mushrooms obtained by their cultivation on the substrate with the use of organic additives of plant and animal origin - waste of food and processing industries: sunflower husks, meat and buckwheat meal and coarse grains. The yield of mushrooms is estimated by periods of substrate preparation (winter and summer) and fruit-bearing waves. Higher yield of mushrooms of mushrooms of double-spore champignon was obtained on the substrate prepared in summer for two waves of fruiting. Assessment of the quality of mushrooms involved studying the content of protein, fiber, fat and ash elements (potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium and magnesium). The results show that sunflower husk and meat and bone meal are the best organic additives that not only increase the yield of mushrooms, but also their quality. The study shows that the quality of mushrooms obtained in the second wave is significantly higher than the quality of mushrooms obtained in the previous wave. Positive is the fact that the use of organic waste in industrial mushroom production contributes to the efficient management of, as a rule, little used by-products of food and processing industries.


2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vácha ◽  
E. Podlešáková ◽  
J. Němeček ◽  
O. Poláček

The efficiency of the application of organic and inorganic additives on the reduction of mobility and transfer of As, Cd, Pb and Zn from the soil into the plants was observed. The dung, compost, acid peat and muck presented organic additives. Synthetic zeolite – type Pc of cubic structure, loamy shale and dolomite limestone presented inorganic additives. Five soil types were used during the testing (arenic regosol, typic cambisol, dystric cambisol, typic chernozem and typic fluvisol). The changeover of the mobility of As, Cd, Pb a Zn in the soil (the ratio of mobile and total contents, sequential analysis) and the transfer of the elements from the soil into the plants (the vegetables, cereals and fodder plants) were investigated. The results showed the primary importance of the soil pH value on the behaviour of potentially toxic elements and their intake by the plants. The efficiency of the use of organic additives strongly depended on the quality of the organic matter. Inorganic additives on the base of the sorbents worked in the case of mobile hazardous elements (Cd, Zn). The efficiency of the soil additives was strongly influenced by the soil type.


2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 847-852
Author(s):  
Sergei S. Belskii ◽  
Maksim V. Chantsev

Today, the development of aluminium industry is highly dynamic. Aluminium production rightly takes top positions in the global metal market. Unique properties of aluminium mean that it is widely used in various industries. The construction industry is no exception – here, aluminium is actively used as a gassing agent for production of steam-cured aerated concrete, which is produced by mixing Portland cement, sand, water and aluminium fine powder or aluminium paste. The main disadvantage of aluminium fine powder is its high degree of dusting: at certain air concentration levels, this becomes fire-and explosion-prone. This is the reason the producers add complex organic additives into their aluminium fine powder: to ensure lower dusting levels and produce an aluminium paste, which is safer to use. This work focuses on obtaining an aluminium paste with sufficient share of organic additives to ensure the efficient performance of aluminium paste as a gassing agent in the production of steam-cured aerated concrete. A number of tests were carried out on mixing aluminium fine powder with various organic additives (fatty additive; wetting agent and gassing kinetics stabiliser; dedusting agent) in different ratios. The paper analyses the quality of distribution of organic additives inside the finished product and studies the relevant gassing kinetics.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongcai Hu ◽  
Zhaofu Du ◽  
Yingbang Yao ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Zinc(II) phthalocyanine (Zn(II)Pc) molecule was the first time prepared onto three different substrates utilizing Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition technique to investigate its vapor sensing abilities and some optical properties. We utilized five different and well-known techniques to control monolayer quality of Zn(II)Pc LB film. The obtained the thickness and refractive index values for Zn(II)Pc LB film with coated at different layers vary from 3.2 to 10.9 nm and from 1.42 to 1.71, respectively. The sensing properties were investigated by exposing the Zn(II)Pc-based mass or optical sensor to some organic vapors. Kinetic results presented that this Zn(II)Pc material is a good candidate as a sensor element with a fast and reversible response for dichloromethane sensing devices.


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szczech ◽  
Robert Maciorowski

AbstractThe aim of these studies was to develop an effective formulation for microbial strains active in plant protection. Emulsification technique in oil was used to produce alginate microcapsules supplemented with organic additives to improve production process and stability of the preparations during storage. The release of microorganisms from the capsules in soil and their effectiveness in biocontrol of Fusarium wilt were evaluated. Three bacterial strainsBurkholderia cepaciastrain CAT5,Bacillusspp. strains PZ9 and SZ61, and fungusTrichoderma virensTRS106 were immobilized separately in calcium alginate supplemented with chitosan, peat powder, or skim milk. The productivity of microcapsules was enhanced by 60% when peat was added to the alginate matrix. Peat reduced also contamination of the capsules during storage, significantly enhancing their quality. By contrast, the addition of skim milk reduced quality of the microcapsules. The additives did not influence the viability of entrapped microorganisms and their release in soil. The survival of the microbial cells was mainly related to the kind of microorganism used, and the highest viability showedBacillussp. PZ9 andTrichodermaTRS106. Lyophilization of the microcapsules appeared to be unfavorable by reducing microbial viability in the capsules and in the soil after application. The best properties: good storage ability and sufficient microbial release in the soil, exhibited wet microcapsules amended with peat. These capsules were used to control Fusarium wilt in tomato plants. The protective effect was obtained when the microcapsule-entrapped bacteria PZ9 were used. The effectiveness of this bacterium was comparable with fungicide. Peat-amended microcapsules entrappingBacillusPZ9 showed the best quality and may have potential for commercial use.


Author(s):  
Е.Г. Раковская ◽  
О.А. Кудряшова

Работа посвящена исследованию защитных свойств преобразователя ржав- чины, наносимого на прокорродировавшую поверхность при введении в него ор- ганических добавок для создания покрытий с улучшенными защитными свойствами. Опыт эксплуатации деталей лесотранспортных машин, контактирующих с агрессивными средами, показывает, что если не защищать наиболее ответствен- ные детали конструкций специальными средствами, либо не применять материалы специального химического состава, то в результате возникновения процессов коррозии произойдёт коррозионно-механическое разрушение конструкции. Наиболее распространенным способом защиты металлов от коррозии является нане- сение лакокрасочных покрытий. Однако долговечность и эффективность такой защиты в значительной степени определяется качеством подготовки поверхно- сти перед окрашиванием. При нанесении преобразователя П-2 на ржавую поверхность ортофосфорная кислота, входящая в его состав, связывает ионы железа в труднорастворимые фосфаты, блокирующие поверхность металла. Но при обработке кислыми модификаторами поверхности, неравномерно покрытой про- дуктами коррозии, остаточная кислотность на участках. менее загрязненных продуктами коррозии, будет выше, чем на участках. сильно проржавевших, т. е. будет наблюдаться перетравливание поверхности. Поэтому введенные добавки выполняют роль ингибиторов кислотной коррозии. Электрохимические исследо- вания показали, что наибольшее положительное значение потенциалов в случае покрытий с добавками n-аминобензолсульфамид, [5-нитрофурфурола, семикар- базон], [2-(n-аминобензолсульфамидо)-4,6-диметилпиридин]. Исследуемые добавки ингибируют как анодный, так и катодный процессы. Ингибиторный эф- фект возрастает с повышением потенциала поляризации. Показано, что добавки n-аминобензолсульфамид, [5-нитрофурфурола, семикарбазон], [2-(n- аминобензолсульфамидо)-4,6-диметилпиридин] являются наиболее эффективными ингибиторами коррозии, при их введении в преобразователь ржавчины П- 2, что позволяет рекомендовать их к использованию для защиты от коррозии техники в лесном хозяйстве. The work is devoted to the study of the protective properties of the rust converter applied to the corroded surface when organic additives are added to it to create coatings with improved protective properties. Experience in the operation of parts of forest transport vehicles in contact with corrosive environments shows that if the most critical parts of structures are not protected by special means or the materials of special chemical composition are not applied, corrosion corrosion will occur as a result of corrosion processes. The most common way to protect metals from corrosion is the application of paint and varnish coatings. However, the durability and effectiveness of such protection is largely determined by the quality of preparation of the surface before painting. When the P-2 converter is applied to a rusty surface, orthophosphoric acid, included in its composition, binds iron ions to hardly soluble phosphates blocking the surface of the metal. But when treated with acidic surface modifiers unevenly coated with corrosion products, residual acidity in areas less contaminated with corrosion products will be higher than in areas heavily rusted, i. E. Surface re-etching will be observed. Therefore, the additives introduced serve as inhibitors of acid corrosion. Electrochemical studies showed that the greatest positive potentials in the case of coatings with additives of p-aminobenzenesulfonamide, [5- nitrofurfural, semicarbazone], [2- (p-aminobenzenesulfamido) -4,6-dimethylpyridine]. The test additives inhibit both anodic and cathodic processes. The inhibitory effect increases with increasing polarization potential. It has been shown that the additions of n-aminobenzenesulfamide, [5-nitrofurfurol, semicarbazone], [2- (p-aminobenzenesulfamido)-4,6-dimethylpyridine] are the most effective corrosion inhibitors when they are introduced into the P-2 rust converter, Their use for protection from corrosion technology in forestry.


Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).


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