scholarly journals An Analysis of Students’ Writing Past Conditional Sentence in Kabupaten Tangerang

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Cahya Adela ◽  
Dwi Sloria Suharti ◽  
Imtihan Hanim
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
Conditional Sentence ◽  
The Common

Writing English as a Foreign Language (EFL) requires one to applied writing rules such as language features: vocabulary, punctuation, type of text, text organization as well as appropriate Grammar, especially Past Conditional sentences. It is desired as a rule to convey one's expectations in their daily activities. The purpose of this research was to describe the difficulties and the factors that students of one of  SMAN in Kabupaten Tangerang faced in writing using Past Conditional Sentence. The approach applied in this research was qualitative, and the method used in this research was descriptive analysis. Written tests and interviews were used to collect the data. The results of this research discovered the problems faced by students in writing using the Past Conditional Sentence. It was found that 73% of students had the same writing problem using past conditional sentences. The common mistakes were Verb and Auxiliary's wrong usage and incorrect application of Past Conditional formulas. Furthermore, it was revealed that the problems of language factors contribute to writing related to environmental, linguistics, and psychological factors.

scholarly journals Errors in Case Markers Made by Syrian Students Who Learn Turkish in Temporary Education Center

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Onur Kan ◽  
Gizem Utlu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Placement Test ◽  
The Common ◽  
Case Markers ◽  
Locative Case ◽  
Genitive Case

The purpose of this study is to determine the errors in case markers in the texts formed by Syrian students, who learn Turkish as a foreign language. The study group of this research, which is designed as a case study, comprises of a total of 60 Syrian students in A1 and A2 level, studying in the temporary education center of Al-Nassaj, which is affiliated with the district of Antakya, Hatay. The determination of the levels of the students was based on the description of the linguistic competences proposed by The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). A placement test was administered to the students in line with the description proposed by the CEFR, and a total of 30 students in A1 and 30 students in A2 were included to the study. A personal information form as well as writing forms, which had been developed by the researchers, were employed in the data collection. The analysis of the data obtained from the writing forms was performed through descriptive analysis method. An evaluation meeting was held with a faculty member specialized in the field of Turkish education in order to ensure the reliability of the data, and a consensus has been reached on the data.The study revealed that in terms of the total number of words used by the students, the students in A1 made 8 errors in case markers for each 100 words whereas those in A2 made 9.3 errors in case markers for each 100 words. It is remarkable that the students in A1 made the most errors in the genitive case markers whereas those in A2 made the most errors in locative case markers. There was no error in the ablative case markers in the texts produced by the students in A1. The study further found that the number of such errors made by the students in A2 was very low.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Faktor Demografi dan Faktor Psikologi Investor dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Investasi di Era Ekonomi Digital

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Asri Nur Wahyuni ◽  
Nugroho Heri Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Past

 AbstractAll forms of convenience in the digital economy era attract potential investors to invest, one of which is the existence of financial technology (fintech). On the other hand, technological advances have also made it easier for companies and governments to market their products and raise funds from the public. There are demographic and psychological factors in making investment decisions, especially in the digital economy era. Demographic factors reflect the characteristics of investors that are often a concern in influencing investment decisions. In addition, there are psychological factors that can also influence an investor when making investment decisions. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of demographic factors and psychological factors of an investor in choosing investment instruments in the era of the digital economy. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires to respondents using google Forms. The analysis used in this study used descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, Crosstab - Chi-Square test, and hypothesis testing. Age and education as demographic factors have an influence on investment decisions. Demographic factors such as gender, marital status, and employment do not have an influence on investment decisions. Other results in this study indicate that psychological factors consisting of overconfidence, data mining, social interaction, emotion, and considering the past have an effect on investment decisions. Demographic factors with psychological factors in this study together have an influence on investment decisions. Keywords: demographic factors; psychological factors; investation decision  AbstrakSegala bentuk kemudahan di era ekonomi digital menjadi daya tarik bagi para calon investor untuk berinvestasi salah satunya adalah keberadaan teknologi finansial (fintech). Di sisi lain, kemajuan tekhnologi juga memudahkan perusahaan dan pemerintah untuk memasarkan produknya dan pencarian dana dari masyarakat. Terdapat faktor demografi dan faktor psikologis dalam melakukan pengambilan keputusan investasi terutama di era ekonomi digital. Faktor demografi sebagai cerminan dari karakteristik investor yang sering menjadi perhatian dalam mempengaruhi keputusan investasi. Selain itu ada faktor psikologis yang juga dapat mempengaruhi seorang investor saat mengambil keputusan investasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor demografi dan faktor psikologis seorang investor dalam memilih instrumen investasi di era ekonomi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden menggunakan google form. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis frekuensi, Crosstab – Uji Chi Square dan uji hipotesis. Usia dan pendidikan sebagai faktor demografi memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan investasi. Faktor demografi berupa jenis kelamin, status pernikahan dan pekerjaan tidak memiliki pengaruh  pada keputusan investasi. Hasil lainnya dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor psikologi yang terdiri dari overconfidence, data mining, social interaction, emotion dan considering the past berpengaruh terhadap keputusan investasi. Faktor demografi dengan faktor psikologis dalam penelitian ini secara bersama – sama memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan investasi. Kata Kunci : faktor demografi; faktor psikologis; keputusan investasi

scholarly journals Looking for the traces of Polish heritage on the map of Ukraine. Linguistic educational game

2021 ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Barbara Januszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Board Game ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Common ◽  
Game Board

The article describes the idea for an educational game Polskie dziedzictwo na mapie Podola (Polish Heritage on the Map of Podolia) aimed at learning Polish as foreign language using a historical map. The article presents a map (as a game board) that was drawn up by a 17th-century cartographer Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan. The map of Podolia provides a starting point for preparing scenarios of educational classes that would present historic figures, places, events and architectural monuments connected with Poland. The game is supposed to enhance the interest in learning Polish and teach respect for the common historical and cultural heritage, as well as encourage young people to study the past and discover their ‘personal homeland’. The author of the article suggests to use the board game as part of teaching the Polish language, which would certainly make linguistic education more attractive.

Psychological Aspects of Infertility

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Bashford
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Patient Visit ◽  
Biopsychosocial Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Work Up

AbstractThe science of infertility has advanced rapidly over the past decade, in many respects without regard to the enormous demands that are placed on all participants undergoing an infertility work-up and treatment. Among these demands are a variety of potential psychological effects that must be addressed in the initial patient visit with continued counseling throughout the infertility work-up process. This article reviews the psychological factors that may affect individual patients and couples experiencing infertility, with special attention given to the common manifestations of stress. The need for physicians to provide early and ongoing attention to emotions is emphasized, and a biopsychosocial approach to infertility evaluations is outlined.

scholarly journals Relating reading comprehension in the Spanish as a foreign language national exam to the CEFR: some aspects of evaluation

Linguistica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-323
Author(s):  
Marjana Šifrar Kalan ◽  
Andreja Trenc
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Cut Scores ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Communicative Process ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Descriptive Method

The aim of the article is to present the results of a project which tried to relate the reading comprehension test in the Spanish as a foreign language national matura exam to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The CEFR  and the evaluation guidelines (Council of Europe 2009) present reference points and standardization tools for establishing the correspondence between the knowledge required in the exam on the one hand and the levels of linguistic competence proposed by the CEFR on the other hand. Reading comprehension is analysed as a communicative process in foreign and native language. After introducing the project of calibrating the foreign language exam to the CEFR and presenting the methodology employed in the study, a comparative analysis of the results is presented. The analysis combines two methods: Angoff and Basket standard setting methods and a descriptive method based on the CEFR descriptive scales. Cut scores for B1 level in the elementary examination and for B2 level in the advanced examination as established by the panel of judges are proposed. However, a detailed descriptive analysis of each exam item has shown that the CEFR descriptors should be more transparent, comprehensive and precise, given that reading comprehension is a threedimensional skill consisting of various general and linguistic (sub)competences.

scholarly journals صكوك المضاربة والمرابحة المختلطة: دراسة فقهية تأصيلية تحليلية (Mudharaba and Murabaha Mixed Sukuk: A Fiqhi Structural Analysis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
أحمد محمد المختار ◽  
عزنان حسن
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Business Outcome

سوق الصكوك أحد أهم مكونات سوق رأس المال الإسلامي لما تقدمه الصكوك من مزايا إدارة السيولة وتنويع المخاطر وإدارة الأصول. هذه الأغراض التي يحققها إصدار الصكوك وتداولها تؤدي في كثير من الأحيان إلى حدوث إشكالات شرعية في هيكلة الصكوك ووثائقها. أحد هذه الهياكل هيكل شاع استخدامه في العقد الأخير في أسواق الصكوك الرئيسية، لما يحققه من جواز التداول وضمان رأس المال، وهو هيكل الجمع بين المرابحة والمضاربة. تقوم هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي عبر تحرير المسائل الفقهية التي تناولت الجمع بين العقود من أمهات الكتب الفقهية المعتمدة في المذاهب الأربعة، فتذكر كل مسألة بصورها وأحكامها ومناطاتها. ثم يكون بعد ذلك تحليلٌ وصفي لأحد إصدارات الصكوك التي اعتمدت هذا الهيكل، فتدرس أهم خطوات الإصدار وأهم الشروط والأحكام في وثائقه. بعد ذلك يكون التخريج لصورة الإصدار المذكور على أصوله من المسائل الفقهية المذكورة سعيًا إلى الوصول إلى حكمه عن طريق تخريج الفروع على الأصول. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن لهذه الهيكلة صورًا متعددة بعضها يضمن رأس المال وبعضها يضمن رأس المال والربح معًا وإلى أن الصورتين ممنوعتان، لأن فيها جمعًا بين العقود يؤدي إلى إفساد عقد المضاربة وإلى الوصول إلى غرض محظور شرعاً وهو تضمين المضارب مع بعض المحاذير الشرعية الأخرى. ذكرت الدراسة بعد ذلك الضوابط الشرعية التي ينبغي الالتزام بها في هذه الحالة ثم اقترحت هيكلاً بديلاً يحقق غرض جواز التداول ويحفظ رأس المال قدر الإمكان. الكلمات المفتاحيّة: المرابحة، المضاربة، الجمع بين العقود، الصكوك. Abstract Sukuk market is one of the most important components of the Islamic capital market. Sukuk give issuers and investors certain advantages as a liquidity and asset management tool. These advantages sought after by investors and issuers may result in some Shari’ah issues in the structure and exchange of sukuk certificates. One of the structures that gained popularity in the last decade is a structure that combines Mudharaba and Murabaha because it provides certain advantages like tradability and the guarantee of capital. This study utilizes a descriptive analysis method to identify the cases of contract combination in major past juristic references to deduce the rulings adopted by past jurists. After that, the paper analyses current sukuk issuances to find the common features between these issuances and the cases mentioned by past jurists to see the applicability of the past ruling to the current situation in a form of Takhrij Alfuroo’ ‘Ala Alusool. The paper concludes that these structures come in many forms; some guarantee the capital, and some guarantee the capital and the return. Both forms are prohibited because the combination results in the vitiation of Mudaraba contract as it invariably leads to a prohibited objective of making the Mudarib liable for any financial loss regardless of the business outcome in addition to other Shari’ah issues. The study then derived some Shari’ah parameters for this structure to be permissible and suggests a structure that fulfills the intended objectives of issuers and avoids Shari’ah issues as much as possible. Keywords: Murabaha, Mudarabah, Combinaiton of contracts, Sukuk.

Can-Do descriptors – Realigning English Language Curriculum at Higher Education Institution to CEFR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Erda Wati Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Language Curriculum ◽  
English Curriculum ◽  
The Common ◽  
The University

The Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR) has become the standard used to describe and evaluate students’ command of a second or foreign language. It is an internationally acknowledged standard language proficiency framework which many countries have adopted such as China, Thailand, Japan and Taiwan. Malaysia Ministry of Education is aware and realise the need for the current English language curriculum to be validated as to reach the international standard as prescribed by the CEFR. The implementation of CEFR has begun at primary and secondary level since 2017 and now higher education institutions are urged to align their English Language Curriculum to CEFR as part of preparation in receiving students who have been taught using CEFR-aligned curriculum at schools by year 2022. This critical reflection article elucidates the meticulous processes that we have embarked on in re-aligning our English Language Curriculum to the standard and requirements of CEFR. The paper concludes with a remark that the alignment of the English curriculum at the university needs full support from the management in ensuring that all the stakeholders are fully prepared, informed and familiar with the framework.

An exploration of target L2 morphemes in the oral production of young EFL learners in Croatia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena O'Reilly ◽  
Eva Jakupčević
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Simple Construction ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Base Form ◽  
Production Study ◽  
Efl Students

Although the second language (L2) acquisition of morphology by late L2 learners has been a popular research area over the past decades, comparatively little is known about the acquisition and development of morphology in children who learn English as a foreign language (EFL). Therefore, the current study presents the findings from a longitudinal oral production study with 9/10-year-old L1 Croatian EFL students who were followed up at the age of 11/12. Our results are largely in line with the limited research so far in this area: young EFL learners have few issues using the be copula and, eventually, the irregular past simple forms, but had considerable problems with accurately supplying the 3rd person singular -s at both data collection points. We also observed a be + base form structure, especially at the earlier stage, which appears to be an emergent past simple construction.

Philosophcal review of h. white̕s tropological theory in the context of the new philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (152) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. M. Geiko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Lauta
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Nature ◽  
Selection Of

The article provides a philosophical analysis of the tropological theory of the history of H. White. The researcher claims that history is a specific kind of literature, and the historical works is the connection of a certain set of research and narrative operations. The first type of operation answers the question of why the event happened this way and not the other. The second operation is the social description, the narrative of events, the intellectual act of organizing the actual material. According to H. White, this is where the set of ideas and preferences of the researcher begin to work, mainly of a literary and historical nature. Explanations are the main mechanism that becomes the common thread of the narrative. The are implemented through using plot (romantic, satire, comic and tragic) and trope systems – the main stylistic forms of text organization (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony). The latter decisively influenced for result of the work historians. Historiographical style follows the tropological model, the selection of which is determined by the historian’s individual language practice. When the choice is made, the imagination is ready to create a narrative. Therefore, the historical understanding, according to H. White, can only be tropological. H. White proposes a new methodology for historical research. During the discourse, adequate speech is created to analyze historical phenomena, which the philosopher defines as prefigurative tropological movement. This is how history is revealed through the art of anthropology. Thus, H. White’s tropical history theory offers modern science f meaningful and metatheoretically significant. The structure of concepts on which the classification of historiographical styles can be based and the predictive function of philosophy regarding historical knowledge can be refined.

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