Contemporary architectural production in the Alpine area through the lens of regionality

ARCHALP ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Antonio De Rossi ◽  
Roberto Dini ◽  
Stefano Girodo
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Central Core ◽  
Scientific Committee ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Architectural Production ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Alpine Area ◽  
Building Culture ◽  
Alpine Space

Given that this is the inaugural edition, we thought that the first issue of the international journal «ArchAlp» needed to be characterized by a wide angle view, taking shape as sort of veritable tour d’horizon of the alpine space. Thinking with the scientific committee of the journal, it seemed to us that a reflection on the characteristics of contemporary architectural production in the European Alpine area, starting from regionally-based analyses and interpretations, could be very important. A description of the state of the art, which in order to have scientific validity must be based on comparative interpretations, has the aim of restoring continuity and differences in the “building culture” among the various Alpine regions. From here the idea of building the central core around a series of local monographs.

scholarly journals The GRETA project: the contribution of near-surface geothermal energy for the energetic self-sufficiency of Alpine regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Casasso ◽  
Bruno Piga ◽  
Rajandrea Sethi ◽  
Joerg Prestor ◽  
Simona Pestotnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Geothermal Heat Pump ◽  
Alpine Space

The Alpine regions are deeply involved in the challenge set by climate change, which is a threat for their environment and for important economic activities such as tourism. The heating and cooling of buildings account for a major share of the total primary energy consumption in Europe, and hence the energy policies should focus on this sector to achieve the greenhouse gas reduction targets set by international agreements. Geothermal heat pump is one of the least carbon-intensive technologies for the heating and cooling of buildings. It exploits the heat stored within the ground, a local renewable energy source which is widely available across the Alpine territory. Nevertheless, it has been little considered by European policies and cooperation projects. GRETA (near-surface Geothermal REsources in the Territory of the Alpine space) is a cooperation project funded by the EU INTERREG-Alpine Space program, aiming at demonstrating the potential of shallow geothermal energy and to foster its integration into energy planning instruments. It started in December 2015 and will last three years, involving 12 partners from Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, and Slovenia. In this paper, the project is presented, along with the results of the first year of work.

Object tracking with robotic total stations: Current technologies and improvements based on image data

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Ehrhart ◽  
Werner Lienhart
Keyword(s):  
Object Tracking ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Target Search ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Machine Control ◽  
Wide Angle Camera

AbstractThe importance of automated prism tracking is increasingly triggered by the rising automation of total station measurements in machine control, monitoring and one-person operation. In this article we summarize and explain the different techniques that are used to coarsely search a prism, to precisely aim at a prism, and to identify whether the correct prism is tracked. Along with the state-of-the-art review, we discuss and experimentally evaluate possible improvements based on the image data of an additional wide-angle camera which is available for many total stations today. In cases in which the total station’s fine aiming module loses the prism, the tracked object may still be visible to the wide-angle camera because of its larger field of view. The theodolite angles towards the target can then be derived from its image coordinates which facilitates a fast reacquisition of the prism. In experimental measurements we demonstrate that our image-based approach for the coarse target search is 4 to 10-times faster than conventional approaches.

scholarly journals Arhitektura oživlja

ARCHALP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (N. 4 / 2020) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Dešman ◽  
Maja Ivanič
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
Architectural Development ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
Alpine Space

Slovenia is an alpine country: 11 percent of its territory is above 1,600 meters above sea level. The Slovenian Alps are dotted with secluded farms and clustered hamlets, and there are larger towns on the plains of the pre-Alpine regions. In the 1990s, Slovenia, together with other Alpine countries, acceded to the International Convention on the Protection of the Alps. Due to its small size, the Slovenian Alpine space is manageable, but very fragile and sensitive to various interventions, especially architectural ones. Namely, architecture directs the mentality and consciousness of people, and thus also cultural and economic development. Today, it is difficult to talk about revitalizing the Alps without mentioning tourism, which brings money to the Alpine environment and creates jobs. Unfortunately, the Slovenian alpine space is developing without a comprehensive urban and architectural development direction. Economic and tourism strategies are also vague. Individual examples of modern quality architecture are rather happy coincidence of the architect's sensitivity, experience and mastery, and the investor's cultural breadth. That is why the examples of good architectural practice that culturally and economically revive the Slovenian Alpine region and preserve its identity stand out all the more. They are distinguished by their attitude towards the environment – understanding and respect for the natural and cultural landscape, dimensions of volumes that are carefully integrated into the scenography of mountain ambiences, modern spatial design, selection of new natural materials, interpretation of traditional architectural heritage and preservation of local traditions and knowledge of our ancestors.

scholarly journals The Marchenko method for evanescent waves

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 1412-1417
Author(s):  
Kees Wapenaar
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Evanescent Waves ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Propagating Waves ◽  
Refracted Waves

SUMMARY With the Marchenko method, Green’s functions in the subsurface can be retrieved from seismic reflection data at the surface. State-of-the-art Marchenko methods work well for propagating waves but break down for evanescent waves. This paper discusses a first step towards extending the Marchenko method for evanescent waves and analyses its possibilities and limitations. In theory both the downward and upward decaying components can be retrieved. The retrieval of the upward decaying component appears to be very sensitive to model errors, but the downward decaying component, including multiple reflections, can be retrieved in a reasonably stable and accurate way. The reported research opens the way to develop new Marchenko methods that can handle refracted waves in wide-angle reflection data.

On the Horticultural Origins of Victorian Glasshouse Culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin Valen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Architectural Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Thought ◽  
Building Culture ◽  
Victorian Science

Designed to protect and propagate exotic plants from around the world, the nineteenth-century glasshouse was a topos for environmental concerns. While historians have pointed to the confluence of glasshouse horticulture and the rise of environmental thought in architecture, how and why these transfers took place is not well understood. In On the Horticultural Origins of Victorian Glasshouse Culture, Dustin Valen examines how gardening informed architectural production in nineteenth-century England by transmitting Victorian science into building culture. He explores how gardening periodicals and books served as vehicles for environmental and scientific thought, and how “artificial climates” made by horticulturalists were reinscribed in debates over human health and transformed into “medical climates” in architecture. Bridging these disciplinary boundaries, the glasshouse played a key role in the emerging environmental paradigm in architecture by crossbreeding building practices with scientific knowledge and illustrating how mechanical solutions could be applied to living problems.

scholarly journals Predictability of the variable solar-terrestrial coupling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis A. Daglis ◽  
Loren C. Chang ◽  
Sergio Dasso ◽  
Nat Gopalswamy ◽  
Olga V. Khabarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Scientific Committee ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Scientific Program ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Scientific Topic

Abstract. In October 2017, the Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP) Bureau established a committee for the design of SCOSTEP's Next Scientific Program (NSP). The NSP committee members and authors of this paper, decided from the very beginning of their deliberations that the predictability of the Sun-Earth System from a few hours to centuries is a timely scientific topic, combining the interests of different topical communities in a relevant way. Accordingly, the NSP was christened PRESTO – Predictability of the variable Solar-Terrestrial coupling. This paper presents a detailed account of PRESTO; we show the key milestones of the PRESTO roadmap for the next five years, review the current state of the art and discuss future studies required for the most effective development of solar-terrestrial physics.

scholarly journals Judicial Witness Assessments at the ICTY, ICTR and ICC

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-210
Author(s):  
Gabrielė Chlevickaitė ◽  
Barbora Holá ◽  
Catrien Bijleveld
Keyword(s):  
International Criminal Court ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
International Criminal Tribunal ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Criminal Courts ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Fact Finding

Abstract Accurate assessment of witness testimonies underpins judicial fact-finding at international criminal courts and tribunals (ICCTs). However, the lack of formal assessment criteria and uncoordinated methods, coupled with advances in the scientific understanding of the psychology of witnessing, calls for a re-examination of the judicial practice. This study critically evaluates the state of the art of witness assessments at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), and the International Criminal Court (ICC), based on all the trial judgments issued in 1996–2019. The analysis results in a consolidation of this ad hoc, constantly evolving jurisprudence, into a framework that has been in development since the 1990s. The authors reflect upon the scientific validity of the criteria used throughout the analysis, based on up-to-date findings from psychology and criminology, and identify the areas that would most benefit from standardized procedures.

scholarly journals Predictability of variable solar–terrestrial coupling

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1035
Author(s):  
Ioannis A. Daglis ◽  
Loren C. Chang ◽  
Sergio Dasso ◽  
Nat Gopalswamy ◽  
Olga V. Khabarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Scientific Committee ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Scientific Programme ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Scientific Topic

Abstract. In October 2017, the Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP) Bureau established a committee for the design of SCOSTEP's Next Scientific Programme (NSP). The NSP committee members and authors of this paper decided from the very beginning of their deliberations that the predictability of the Sun–Earth System from a few hours to centuries is a timely scientific topic, combining the interests of different topical communities in a relevant way. Accordingly, the NSP was christened PRESTO – PREdictability of the variable Solar–Terrestrial cOupling. This paper presents a detailed account of PRESTO; we show the key milestones of the PRESTO roadmap for the next 5 years, review the current state of the art and discuss future studies required for the most effective development of solar–terrestrial physics.

CBED Shadow Images and Cs:Aberration Measurement

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
R. W. Carpenter ◽  
I.Y.T. Chan ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Optic Axis ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Caustic Surface ◽  
Convergent Beam

Wide-angle convergent beam shadow images(CBSI) exhibit several characteristic distortions resulting from spherical aberration. The most prominent is a circle of infinite magnification resulting from rays having equal values of a forming a cross-over on the optic axis at some distance before reaching the paraxial focal point. This distortion is called the tangential circle of infinite magnification; it can be used to align and stigmate a STEM and to determine Cs for the probe forming lens. A second distortion, the radial circle of infinite magnification, results from a cross-over on the lens caustic surface of rays with differing values of ∝a, also before the paraxial focal point of the lens.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

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