Ethanol Gas Sensor Fabrication Based on ZnO Flower Like Nanorods

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3B) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Abdulqader D. Faisal ◽  
Mofeed A. Jaleel ◽  
Fahad Z. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Seed Layer ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Sensor Fabrication ◽  
Synthesized Materials

Zinc oxide flower-like nanorods (ZnO NRs) was successfully synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The growth process was conducted with seed layer concentrations of 20mM. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer. The analysis results revealed a pure Wurtzite ZnO hexagonal nanostructures with preferred orientation (002) along the c-direction. The calculated band gap of average crystallite size is 3.2eV and 25 nm respectively. New designed, constructed and successfully calibrated for ethanol gas sensing was found. The ethanol gas sensor was fabricated at room temperature based on the ZnO NRs film. The synthesized materials proved to be a good candidate for the ethanol gas sensor. The optimum results of the gas sensor measurements of the synthesized gas sensor are as follows, the sensitivity, response time, and recovery time at 25 °C are 60%, 80 Seconds and 80 seconds respectively, and at 200 °C are 70%, 60 seconds and 50 seconds respectively.

STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MECHANICAL ALLOYED Mn-15at.%Al

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350006
Author(s):  
AHMED E. HANNORA ◽  
FARIED F. HANNA ◽  
LOTFY K. MAREI
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Milled Sample ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Method Analysis

Mechanical alloying (MA) method has been used to produce nanocrystallite Mn -15at.% Al alloy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for the as-milled elemental α- Mn and aluminum powder samples show a mixture of α + β- MnAl phases after 20 h of milling and changes to a dominant β- MnAl phase structure after 50 h. An average crystallite size of 40 nm was determined from Hall–Williamson method analysis after 5 h of milling. Moreover, the thermal analysis results using differential thermal analysis (DTA), suggested a possible phase transformation after 20 h of milling. Isothermal treatments are carried in the temperature range of 450°C to 1000°C. Room-temperature vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements of the hysteretic response revealed that the saturation magnetization Bs and coercivity Hc for 10 h ball milled sample are ~ 2.1 emu/g and ~ 92 Oe, respectively.

Synthesis and characterization of MnO2nanowires

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Ghorbani ◽  
Abdol Mahmood Davarpanah
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Method

Manganese oxides are of more interest to researchers because of their ability as catalysts and lithium batteries. In this research, MnO2nanowires with diameter about 45 nm were synthesized by sol–gel method at room temperature (RT). Effect of increasing the annealing temperature from 400[Formula: see text]C to 600[Formula: see text]C on crystalline structure of nanostructure were studied and average crystallite size was estimated about 22 nm. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method, Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction (EDXD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the nanowires of MnO2.

A Novel Tungsten Trioxide Based Gas Sensor for Indoor Formaldehyde Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-367
Author(s):  
Gaoqi Zhang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Kaifang Wang ◽  
Tao Tian ◽  
Shanyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Gas Sensing Properties ◽  
Gas Response

Accurate and real-time detection of formaldehyde (HCHO) in indoor air is urgently needed for human health. In this work, a ceramic material (WO3·H2O) with unique structure was successfully prepared using an efficient hydrothermal method. The crystallinity, morphology and microstructure of the as-prepared sensing material were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) as well as transmission electron microscope (TEM). The characterization results suggest that the as-prepared sample is composed of square-like nanoplates with uneven surface. Formaldehyde vapor is utilized as the target gas to investigate gas sensing properties of the synthesized novel nanoplates. The testing results indicate that the as-fabricated gas sensor exhibit high gas response and excellent repeatability to HCHO gas. The response value (Ra/Rg) is 24.5 towards 70 ppm HCHO gas at 350 °C. Besides, the gas sensing mechanism was described.

Reactive Sputtering Growth and Characterizations of InN Thin Films on Si Substrates

2012 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 290-293
Author(s):  
Maryam Amirhoseiny ◽  
Hassan Zainuriah ◽  
Ng Shashiong ◽  
Mohd Anas Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Atomic Force

We have studied the effects of deposition conditions on the crystal structure of InN films deposited on Si substrate. InN thin films have been deposited on Si(100) substrates by reactive radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method with pure In target at room temperature. The nitrogen gas pressure, applied RF power and the distance between target and substrate were 2×10-2 Torr, 60 W and 8 cm, respectively. The effects of the Ar–N2 sputtering gas mixture on the structural properties of the films were investigated by using scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques.

scholarly journals Liquid petroleum gas sensing performance enhanced by CuO modification of nanocrystalline ZnO-TiO2

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-581
Author(s):  
R.B. Pedhekar ◽  
F.C. Raghuwanshi ◽  
V.D. Kapse
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
Synthesized Materials ◽  
Sensing Characteristics

AbstractNanocrystalline ZnO-TiO2 (with molar ratios 9:1, 7:3, 1:1, 3:7 and 1:9) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. Synthesized materials were examined with the help of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. Liquid petroleum gas sensing characteristics of the ZnO-TiO2 films were investigated at different operating temperatures. The ZnO-TiO2 thick film (with 1:1 molar ratio) exhibited good response toward liquid petroleum gas as compared to other investigated compositions. Further, liquid petroleum gas sensing characteristics of CuO modified ZnO-TiO2 thick films were investigated. 0.2 M CuO modified ZnO-TiO2 thick film exhibited excellent liquid petroleum gas sensing characteristics such as higher response (~ 1637.49 at 185 °C) with quick response time (~30 s), low recovery time (~70 s), excellent repeatability and stability at low operating temperature.

scholarly journals Characterization of CuO thin films for gas sensing applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (31) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jamal M. Rzaij
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Increase ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensing Applications

Nanostructural cupric oxide (CuO) films were prepared on Si and glass substrate by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) using laser Nd:YAG, using different laser pulses energies from 200 to 600 mJ. The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the films showed a polycrystalline structure with a monoclinic symmetry and preferred orientation toward (111) plane with nano structure. The crystallite size was increasing with increasing of laser pulse energy. Optical properties was characterized by using UV–vis spectrometer in the wave lengthrange (200-1100) nm at room temperature. The results showed that the transmission spectrum decreases with the laser pulses energy increase. Sensitivity of NO2 gas at different operating temperatures, (50°C, 100°C, 150°C and 200°C) was calculated.

MBE GROWN ZnSSe/ZnMgSSe MQW STRUCTURE FOR BLUE VCSEL

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. KAZAKOV ◽  
V. I. KOZLOVSKY ◽  
V. P. MARTOVITSKY ◽  
YA. K. SKASYRSKY ◽  
M. D. TIBERI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Gaas Substrates ◽  
Two Phases

ZnSSe / ZnMgSSe MQW structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrates. The band gap of ZnMgSSe barriers was approximately 3 eV at room temperature. Cathodoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, optical, scanning electron beam, and atomic force microscopy were all used for structure characterization. Decay of the ZnMgSSe solid solution in at least two phases was observed. Improvement in the quality of the crystal lattice and surface morphology was achieved by mismatching the ZnMgSSe from the GaAs substrate by increasing the lattice period by 0.24%.

Structural, Magnetic and Microwave Absorbing Properties of Nanosized NiXZn1-xFe2O4 Powders Synthesized by Sol-Gel Technique

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1144-1147
Author(s):  
Xiang Rong Zhu ◽  
Lin Feng Lu ◽  
Hong Lie Shen
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Gel Technique ◽  
Soft Magnetism

NixZn1-xFe2O4 (x=0.4, 0.6) powders are synthesized by sol-gel technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements show their polycrystalline spinel structural characteristics. Both XRD and Atomic Force Microscopy demonstrate the samples are nanosized. At room temperature typical soft magnetism is exhibited by the samples. The reflection attenuation resulting from microwave absorption would reach to 1.9 dBm over the frequency range 6 GHz - 10 GHz when the samples are paved on a 10 cm  10 cm square aluminum plate with a thickness of about 0.35 mm.

Alcohol Sensing Properties of SnO2/CNT Nanocomposites Synthesized by Microwave-Assisted Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 675-676 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Nalita Sawangjit ◽  
Wicharn Techitdheera ◽  
Wisanu Pecharapa
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Sensing Sensitivity ◽  
Scanning Electron

SnO2/CNT nanocomposites were synthesized via microwave-assisted process using SnCl4·5H2O as a starting precursor and UV-treated multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as scaffolds. The concentration of SnCl4 was varied in the range of 0.01-0.05 M. Effect of precursor concentration on their physical properties and micro structural morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD results indicate that the as-synthesized composites are the mixture of two separated phases including SnO2 and MWCNT. SEM images indicate that the surfaces of MWCNT are thoroughly covered with SnO2 nanoparticles. Comparative gas sensing result reveals that the prepared hybrid SnO2/MWCNT composites exhibit much higher sensing sensitivity and recovery property in detecting alcohol gas at room temperature than the bare SnO2.

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