scholarly journals Normalising a Ukrainian Intellectual Identity in the Nineteenth Century: The Role of Marko Vovchok (1833-1907)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Pavlyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Neutral Medium ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Intellectual Identity ◽  
The Russian Empire

A question that confronted educated Ukrainians, predominantly landowners descended from Cossack notables, in the Russian Empire in the first half of the nineteenth century was whether they should foster an identity distinct from an all-imperial one. A sense of historical distinctiveness, the value placed by the late Enlightenment and the Romantic Movement upon the culture of ordinary people and the wealth of Ukrainian folk culture persuaded many of the need to generate a high culture employing the Ukrainian language. Yet, prior to the Ukrainian-language prose of Marko Vovchok (Maria Markovych), an element essential for the development of a multifunctional modern culture, and of an identity able to be shared by a modern Ukrainian intelligentsia, was lacking: a stylistically transparent prose able to function not only in a poetically charged way, but as a neutral medium for communicating content. The paper identifies the features of Marko Vovchok’s writing that made this innovation possible.

The Introduction of Playing Cards and Card Playing in Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-376
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav V. Shevtsov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines when and how playing cards were introduced in Russia and links the adoption of card playing in the Russian Empire to the process of Westernization in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The author examines the role of card playing in noble culture and in the context of wider historical problems: the transition from medieval to modern culture; the translation and perception of cultural novelties; and the relationship cards and card playing had with other forms of celebration and leisure. The article is based on various sources, including Russian laws, import-export (customs) records, private sources in noble family archives, and literary works.

ВЗГЛЯД РОССИЙСКИХ ПРАВОСЛАВНЫХ ЧИНОВНИКОВ НА РЕЛИГИОЗНУЮ СИТУАЦИЮ У ГРУЗИН-ГОРЦЕВ: ПО АРХИВНЫМ МАТЕРИАЛАМ XIX ВЕКА

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Любовь Тимофеевна Соловьева
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Peculiar Form ◽  
The Russian Empire

В статье на основе материалов первой половины ХIХ в. из Центрального исторического архива Грузии (ЦИАГ) рассматривается отношение российских православных чиновников к тем религиозным традициям, которые были характерны для грузин-горцев Восточной Грузии (хевсуры, пшавы, тушины). Грузия была одной из первых стран, где христианство стало государственной религией. Но к началу ХIХ в. роль православной церкви в некоторых труднодоступных горных регионах Грузии была значительно ослаблена. Грузины-горцы осознавали себя христианами, но бытование христианства здесь нередко принимало своеобразные формы. Здесь сохранялся синкретизм религиозных воззрений, а в определенной мере происходил возврат к архаичным дохристианским верованиям. После вхождения Грузии в состав Российской империи власти стали уделять значительное внимание укреплению православного христианства у грузин-горцев, строительству здесь церквей и назначению священнослужителей в эти отдаленные районы. Миссионерская проповедь должна была укрепить православие на Кавказе и способствовать более полной интеграции местного населения в пространство Российской империи. Based on the materials of the Central Historical Archive of Georgia of the first half of the nineteenth century, the article examines the attitude of Russian Orthodox officials to the religious traditions that were characteristic of the Georgian mountaineers of Eastern Georgia (Khevsurians, Pshavs, Tushins). Georgia was one of the first countries where Christianity became the state religion. But by the beginning of the nineteenth century, the role of the Orthodox Church in some remote mountainous regions of Georgia was significantly weakened. The Georgians-Highlanders recognized themselves as Christians, but the forms of Christianity’s existence often took a very peculiar form here. Here the syncretism of religious views was preserved, and to a certain extent there was a return to archaic pre-Christian beliefs. After Georgia became part of the Russian Empire, the authorities began to pay considerable attention to strengthening Orthodox Christianity among mountain Georgians, building churches here and appointing priests to these remote areas. The missionary sermon was supposed to strengthen Orthodoxy in the Caucasus and promote a more complete integration of the local population into the space of the Russian Empire.

scholarly journals Greeks in the Russian Empire and their Role in the Development of Trade and Shipping in the Black and Azov Seas (nineteenth – early twentieth centuries)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Oleksei Shliakhov
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Sea Area

<p>The article aims to survey the role of Greek entrepreneurs in the development of trade and shipping in the Black and Azov Sea area. Based on hitherto under-analyzed Ukrainian archival records of Greek communities (in Odessa, Izmail, Nikolaiev, Kherson, Feodosiia, Berdiansk, Mariupol, Taganrog, Rostov-upon-Don and Kerch), the article explores the professional activities of Greek merchants, captains, engineers, pilots and sailors during the nineteenth century and the early twentieth.</p>

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Transitional State ◽  
Moral Crisis ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Modernization

This conclusion summarizes the book's main findings about the role of knowledge production and policy formation on the Kazak steppes of the Russian Empire. It highlights a strikingly common formulation among Kazak intermediaries of the long nineteenth century: the Kazak steppe and its inhabitants were in a “transitional state.” It shows that for Kazaks, the source of their problems lay in a variety of factors, from moral crisis to a failure of economic modernization, Europeanization, and the spread of a purified, modernist Islam. It also considers how mass peasant resettlement became the essential condition of tsarist policy on the steppe and how rapid resettlement affected Kazaks. Finally, it examines how bureaucrats and intermediaries who could envision many transitional states combined local and metropolitan knowledge in idiosyncratic ways to advance their views.

scholarly journals Embryonic Modernity: Infectious Dynamics in Early Nineteenth-Century Finnish Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-127
Author(s):  
Hannu Salmi ◽  
Jukka Sarjala ◽  
Heli Rantala
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
News Medium ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
The Press ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Social Entities

Abstract The article explores the early decades of the nineteenth century as an era of what we call embryonic modernity. It focuses on Finland which, in 1809, became a Grand Duchy of the Russian empire. The article concentrates on early mass phenomena as embryos of an emerging modern culture. We scrutinize our subject through three different lenses, starting with social infectivity on a minor scale, the unrest caused by students. We then investigate the contagiousness of ideas seen through the press as a news medium in the 1820s. The last section concentrates on the news about cholera and its rapid spread during the early 1830s. We argue that historical embryos were formations of social relationality, composed of affects, beliefs, expectations and sentiments. These formations of emotive dynamics had the capacity to be imitated; they became components of larger social entities by extending their contagiousness to new regions and populations.

Prerequisites for the reforms of the Russian Empire in the 1860s: a historical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-2) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Dmitry Nechevin ◽  
Leonard Kolodkin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Political Economic

The article is devoted to the prerequisites of the reforms of the Russian Empire of the sixties of the nineteenth century, their features, contradictions: the imperial status of foreign policy and the lagging behind the countries of Western Europe in special political, economic relations. The authors studied the activities of reformers and the nobility on the peasant question, as well as legitimate conservatism.

“BULYGINSKAYA DUMA”. AGENCY WITHOUT POWER OR POWER OF AGENCY?

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Novoselskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article considers the attitude of representatives of the top bureaucracy to the draft of the State Duma, developed by a Special Council chaired by the Minister of the Interior A.G. Bulygin in 1905. Particular attention is paid to the high officials assessments of the dignitaries of the place and role of the Duma in the system of state administration of the Russian Empire, the arguments that officials cited in favor of its convocation. It analyzes intellectual context of the emergence of the “bulyginskaya duma” (“Bulygin Duma”) project is analyzed, which largely determined the breadth of the actual, not declared powers of the people’s agency. The research is based on unpublished documents from the funds of state institutions, as well as materials from the personal funds of officials and public figures. The article shows that, despite the legislative nature of the Duma, it had to have significant powers. The electoral system, which was proposed and defended by the high officials, was originally modeled in such a way as to avoid the triumph of the estates principle. The monarch’s open opposition to the people’s agency was considered a politically short-sighted move, which indicated a limitation of his power. The results of the study allow considering the government policy in 1905 not as an untimely response to public demands, but as a conscious strategy for systemic political reforms.

scholarly journals Activities of Military Topographers in Western Siberia in Foreign and Domestic Policy of the Russian Empire in 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 360-374
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Igumnov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
River Channels ◽  
The North ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military

The activities of military topographers in Western Siberia to provide cartographic information on the foreign and domestic policies of the Russian Empire in Central Asia and Siberia in the 19th century are considered in the article. The role of information in the formation of the Russian Empire is emphasized. The contribution of the state to the organization of the study of the Asian regions of Russia and neighboring countries is noted. The establishment of the military topographic service in Western Siberia can be traced taking into account data on administrative transformations in the Siberian region, and on changes in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire. The participation of military topographers in determining and designating the state border with China is described in detail. The question of the role of military topographers in the scientific study of China and Mongolia is raised. The significance of the activities of military topographers for the policy of the Russian Empire on the socio-economic development of Siberia and the north-eastern part of the territory of modern Kazakhstan is revealed. The contribution of topographers to the construction of the Trans-Siberian railway, the design of river channels and new land routes is revealed. A large amount of literary sources, materials on the work of military topographers of Western Siberia, published in “Notes of the Military Topographic Department of the General Staff” is used in the article.

scholarly journals Hryhorii Kontsevych’s Music-foikloristic activity

Ethnomusic ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Nadiya Suprun-Yaremko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire

Musical and folkloristic activities of the Kuban activist Hryhorii Kontsevych, Ukrainian in origin, lasted for half a century under conditions of the Russian Empire, and from 1920 – Soviet totalitarian socio-political reality, of which he became the in- nocent victim in 1937, accused of being involved in the preparation of terrorist attack against Stalin. Kontsevych’ name o and his versatile activity as a chanter, folklorist, composer, teacher and organizer of music affairs in the Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation have been hushed up for 52 years (until 1989). In her paper, the author, as a native of the Krasnodar Territory and researcher of folk culture of the Ukrainians from Kuban, set out an objective to draw up a creative portrait of H. Kont- sevych and review his folklore collections and papers that were reprinted or found in the libraries and archives of Krasnodar with the support of the leader of Kuban Cossack Choir, folklorist, Honoured Artist of Russia, Ukraine and Adygea Viktor Zakharchenko. The paper draws up Kontsevych’s creative portrait, examines (based on republication of 2001) the entire corpus of arranged and published in 1904–1913 276 song and analyses the collection “Musical folklore of Adygei in the records by H. M. Kontsevych”, written shortly before his death, but first published in 1997. The research essay “Chumaks in folk songs” introduced to the scientific circulation. The research essay “Chumaks in folk songs” introduced to the scientific circulation. The conclusion is drawn up that it was exactly Hryhorii Komtsevych, who made the great- est contribution to the formation of Kuban musical folklore.

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