Development of Testing Standardization Regulation of the OLT XG-PON Equipments to Support Broadband Access in Indonesia

This study aims to provide a reference to the technical specifications of the Optical Line Termination (OLT) XG-PON equipment for improving standardization regulations (Perdirjen Postel No. 257 of 2008). The technical specifications tested in this study are the nominal rate capability, wavelength range, and jumbo frame of the OLT XG-PON equipment. The research acquired a reference to the nominal rate using FEC is 8.5 Gbps downstream direction, and 2.5 Gbps upstream direction, upstream wavelength range is 1260-1280 nm and downstream is 1575-1581 nm, and jumbo frame capability is 2000 Bytes.

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Comparison of Three near Infrared Spectrophotometers for Infestation Detection in Wild Blueberries Using Multivariate Calibration Models

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

10.1255/jnirs.842 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 203-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Boyan N. Peshlov ◽

Floyd E. Dowell ◽

Francis A. Drummond ◽

Darrell W. Donahue

Keyword(s):

Wavelength Range ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Multivariate Calibration ◽

System Development ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Insect Infestation ◽

Signal To Noise ◽

Wild Blueberries ◽

Technical Specifications ◽

Imaging Spectrograph

A near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy system for rapid, automated and non-destructive detection of insect infestation in blueberries is desirable to ensure high quality fruit for the fresh and processed markets. The selection of suitable instruments is the first step in system development. Three diode array spectrophotometers were evaluated based on technical specifications and capacity for larva detection in wild blueberries ( Vaccinium angustifolium) using discriminant partial least squares (PLS) regression models. These instruments, differing mainly in wavelength range and detector type, comprised two spectrophotometers with scanning wavelength ranges of 650–1100 nm and 600–1700 nm and an imaging spectrograph with the scanning range of 950–1400 nm. The assessed factors affecting predictions included signal-to-noise ratio, wavelength range, resolution, measurement configuration, spectral pre-processing and absorbance bands related to infestation. The scanning spectrophotometers demonstrated higher signal-to-noise ratios with infestation prediction accuracies of 82% and 76.9% compared to the imaging spectrograph with 58.9% accuracy. Resolution, spectral pre-processing and measurement configuration had a lesser effect on model accuracy than wavelength range. The 950–1690 nm bands were identified as important for infestation prediction. In general, NIR spectroscopy should be a feasible technique for rapid classification of insect infestation in fruit.

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A Novel Scheme for UDWDM-PON Broadband Access Network Using Injection-Locked Phase-to-Intensity Modulation Converter

Journal of Optical Communications ◽

10.1515/joc-2017-0085 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 369-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meenakshi Chakraborty ◽

Taraprasad Chattopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Optical Network ◽

Access Network ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Intensity Modulation ◽

Passive Optical Network ◽

Broadband Access ◽

Wavelength Division ◽

Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽

Optical Line ◽

Broadband Access Network

Abstract In this paper, we have proposed and analyzed a novel cost-effective ultradense wavelength division multiplexed (UDWDM) passive optical network (PON) which uses phase modulation (PM) of the optical carriers in the optical line terminal (OLT) in order to achieve inherent noise immunity in the network. In the demodulation of the optical PM signal at the optical network unit (ONU), we have proposed to use a simple injection–locked Fabry–Perot (FP) laser diode (LD) for achieving PM to intensity modulation (IM) converter which is followed by a photodiode to recover the specific channel information. A detailed analysis of PM–IM conversion in an injection–locked FPLD has been carried out and the viability of the proposed scheme has been established. The proposed UDWDM–PON which is a broadband access network is cost-effective and long reach.

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Ethernet Passive Optical Networks

Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-561-0.ch040 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 283-289

Author(s):

Mário M. Freire ◽

Paulo P. Monteiro ◽

Henrique J.A. da Silva ◽

Jose Ruela

Keyword(s):

Optical Networks ◽

High Speed ◽

Low Cost ◽

Optical Network ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Passive Optical Networks ◽

Upstream Direction ◽

Working Groups ◽

Optical Line ◽

Ethernet Passive Optical Networks

Recently, Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs) have received a great deal of interest as a promising cost-effective solution for next-generation high-speed access networks. This is confirmed by the formation of several fora and working groups that contribute to their development; namely, the EPON Forum (http://www.ieeecommunities.org/epon), the Ethernet in the First Mile Alliance (http://www.efmalliance.org), and the IEEE 802.3ah working group (http://www.ieee802.org/3/efm), which is responsible for the standardization process. EPONs are a simple, inexpensive, and scalable solution for high-speed residential access, capable of delivering voice, high-speed data, and multimedia services to end users (Kramer, Mukherjee &Maislos, 2003; Kramer & Pesavento, 2002; Lorenz, Rodrigues & Freire, 2004; Pesavento, 2003; McGarry, Maier & Reisslein, 2004). An EPON combines the transport of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frames over a low-cost and broadband point-to-multipoint passive optical fiber infrastructure connecting the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) located at the central office to Optical Network Units (ONUs), usually located at the subscriber premises. In the downstream direction, the EPON behaves as a broadcast and select shared medium, with Ethernet frames transmitted by the OLT reaching every ONU. In the upstream direction, Ethernet frames transmitted by each ONU will only reach the OLT, but an arbitration mechanism is required to avoid collisions.

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End-to-end performance in the downstream and upstream direction over a hybrid fiber-coax broadband access system

10.1117/12.345593 ◽

1998 ◽

Author(s):

Venkat S. Swaminathan

Keyword(s):

Broadband Access ◽

Hybrid Fiber ◽

Access System ◽

Upstream Direction ◽

End To End

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Application of pyrometer and standard sample to determine surface temperature of studied materials

Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika ◽

10.32446/0368-1025it.2019-12-9-13 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

V.Ya. Mendeleyev ◽

V.A. Petrov ◽

A.V. Yashin ◽

A.I. Vangonen ◽

O.K. Taganov

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Relative Error ◽

Wavelength Range ◽

Standard Sample ◽

A Priori ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Surface Temperatures ◽

Relative Errors ◽

Normal Emissivity

Determining the surface temperature of materials with unknown emissivity is studied. A method for determining the surface temperature using a standard sample of average spectral normal emissivity in the wavelength range of 1,65–1,80 μm and an industrially produced Metis M322 pyrometer operating in the same wavelength range. The surface temperature of studied samples of the composite material and platinum was determined experimentally from the temperature of a standard sample located on the studied surfaces. The relative error in determining the surface temperature of the studied materials, introduced by the proposed method, was calculated taking into account the temperatures of the platinum and the composite material, determined from the temperature of the standard sample located on the studied surfaces, and from the temperature of the studied surfaces in the absence of the standard sample. The relative errors thus obtained did not exceed 1,7 % for the composite material and 0,5% for the platinum at surface temperatures of about 973 K. It was also found that: the inaccuracy of a priori data on the emissivity of the standard sample in the range (–0,01; 0,01) relative to the average emissivity increases the relative error in determining the temperature of the composite material by 0,68 %, and the installation of a standard sample on the studied materials leads to temperature changes on the periphery of the surface not exceeding 0,47 % for composite material and 0,05 % for platinum.

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Light in the Museum: Experiences and Challenges

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2018-147 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Lyubov E. Volgina

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Technical Specifications ◽

Initial Focus

The article is focused on the peculiarities of the lighting in the museum halls, restoration workshops, depositories, the operation of lighting equipment, and the organization of exhibition lighting in the halls of the State Tretyakov Gallery. Initial focus areas in the development of technical specifications for accent lighting equipment have been outlined. The information may be useful to the staff of museums, galleries, etc. engaged in the exhibition activities.

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Results of Spatial Structure of Atmosphere Radiation in a Spectral Range (1.5–2) µm Research

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2017-061 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Anton M. Mishchenko ◽

Sergei S. Rachkovsky ◽

Vladimir A. Smolin ◽

Igor V . Yakimenko

Keyword(s):

Spatial Structure ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Wavelength Range ◽

Spectral Range ◽

Near Ir ◽

Optoelectronic Systems ◽

Aerial Vehicle

Results of experimental studying radiation spatial structure of atmosphere background nonuniformities and of an unmanned aerial vehicle being the detection object are presented. The question on a possibility of its detection using optoelectronic systems against the background of a cloudy field in the near IR wavelength range is also considered.

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