scholarly journals The potential distribution of yellow bristle grass (Setaria pumila) in New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
S.L. Lamoureaux ◽  
G.W. Bourd?t
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
Grass Weed

Yellow bristle grass (Setaria pumila) an invasive annual grass weed in North America Africa Australia and New Zealand has become a problem on dairy farms in the upper North Island To define its potential distribution in New Zealand an ecoclimatic model was constructed using CLIMEX The model was parameterised using the known distribution of the species in its native range in Eurasia and validated against its invaded range in North America The model predicted all known occurrences in New Zealand and revealed extensive tracts of land in both the North and South Islands that are currently climatically suitable yet according to current records unoccupied by the weed Under climate change this potential distribution increases substantially These results imply that yellow bristle grass could become a much wider problem on dairy farms throughout New Zealand and that management to limit its spread is justified

Invasion of the New Zealand Coastline by European Sea-Rocket (Cakile maritima) and American Sea-Rocket (Cakile edentula)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger D. Cousens ◽  
Jane M. Cousens
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Cakile Maritima ◽  
Cakile Edentula ◽  
North And South

AbstractOn the west coast of North America and in Australia, there have been parallel cases of sequential invasion and replacement of the shoreline plant American sea-rocket by European sea-rocket. A similar pattern has also occurred in New Zealand. For 30 to 40 yr, from its first recording in 1921, American sea-rocket spread throughout the eastern coastlines of the North and South Islands of New Zealand. European sea-rocket has so far been collected only on the North Island. From its first collection in 1937, European sea-rocket spread to the northern extremity of the island by 1973, and by 2010, it had reached the southernmost limit. In the region where both species have occurred in the past, American sea-rocket is now rarely found. This appears to be another example of congeneric species displacement.

scholarly journals Effect of climate change on Oriental fruit fly in New Zealand and the Pacific

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Kriticos ◽  
A.E.A. Stephens ◽  
A. Leriche
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Oriental Fruit Fly ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Successful Establishment

A CLIMEX model of the Oriental fruit fly (OFF) indicates that under the reference climate (19611990) OFF could persist throughout most of the central Pacific In New Zealand it could establish throughout much of the lowlying areas of the North Island and much of New Zealand could support shortterm populations during the summer months Climate change scenarios for the 2080s indicate that in the central Pacific the change in potential distribution is relatively minor However parts of New Zealand could become substantially more climatically suitable increasing the likelihood of successful establishment of OFF after an incursion and seriously threatening the horticultural sector Should OFF become established in New Zealand it is likely to follow any expansion of the horticultural sector into the coastal areas of the eastern part of the South Island as far south as Oamaru

scholarly journals Potential distribution of hawthorn in New Zealand

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 387-392
Author(s):  
J.M. Kean
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Crataegus Monogyna ◽  
The World ◽  
Tenure Review ◽  
Montane Grasslands

Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) a birddispersed introduced shrub is becoming increasingly weedy in parts of New Zealand North America Australia and elsewhere In order to identify areas threatened by this species an ecoclimatic model for its potential global distribution was constructed using CLIMEX software The model was based on the native range of hawthorn in Europe and validated against the invaded range elsewhere in the world It suggests that hawthorn could potentially invade most lowland and montane areas of New Zealand In lowland areas invasion is likely to be limited by grazing pressure but changes in the management of South Island montane grasslands as a result of the current tenure review process may favour hawthorn invasion in some areas Preemptive action to identify and remove infestations from montane grasslands is recommended

Studies of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) in the Spirit Collection of the Natural History Museum, London 2: New species and records from P. Hammond's visit to New Zealand in 1983–84

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Michael Darby
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
North And South

Some 2,000 Ptiliidae collected in the North and South Islands of New Zealand in 1983/1984 by Peter Hammond of the Natural History Museum, London, are determined to 34 species, four of which are new to the country. As there are very few previous records, most from the Auckland district of North Island, the Hammond collection provides much new distributional data. The three new species: Nellosana insperatus sp. n., Notoptenidium flavum sp. n., and Notoptenidium johnsoni sp. n., are described and figured; the genus Ptiliodes is moved from Acrotrichinae to Ptiliinae, and Ptenidium formicetorum Kraatz recorded as a new introduction. Information is provided to aid separation of the new species from those previously recorded.

Chrysomyxa abietis (needle rust of fir).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Obligate Parasite ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Accidental Introduction

Abstract C. abietis is a microcyclic rust fungus; an obligate parasite completing its life cycle on species of Picea (spruce). Only the current year's needles of Picea are infected and those needles are shed early. Reported from northern Europe and Asia, the fungus is a Regulated Pest for the USA. It is absent from North America, where susceptible species are native, and Australia and New Zealand, where they are introduced. Although usually not a significant problem in its native range, because conditions are not favourable for heavy infections every year (Smith et al., 1988; Hansen, 1997), this rust could be more damaging as an invasive in other temperate areas. Due to the fact that small amounts of infection may be overlooked, accidental introduction could occur through importation of infected seedlings or young trees.

‘Scows, and barges, or other vessels of box model’: Comparative capital investment in the sailing scows of the Great Lakes of North America and in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-105
Author(s):  
Jay C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
American Frontier ◽  
International Context ◽  
The North ◽  
Hull Design

Boxy and with ‘unseaworthy form’, the sailing scow was not the most aesthetically pleasing of watercraft. Yet the durable hull design based upon European predecessors found a new home in North America where it proliferated on the Atlantic, Gulf, Pacific and Great Lakes coasts because of its practicality for largely unimproved waterways. Scows were widely used on the Great Lakes in the nineteenth century, moving beyond shallow waters and gaining a reputation for reliability in long-distance trade. Late in the century, the technology arrived in New Zealand, where it prospered in a niche market that combined open water voyages and shallow river, port, or beach loading and unloading. The Great Lakes scows presented an alternative for entry into ship ownership on the North American frontier. The development of the New Zealand scow confirmed these findings comparatively in an international context during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

scholarly journals Occurrence of multiple sclerosis in the north and south of New Zealand.

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Skegg ◽  
P A Corwin ◽  
R S Craven ◽  
J A Malloch ◽  
M Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS TOWARDS GREENER ENVIRONMENT IN THE WORLD

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Mayuri Pandya ◽  
Binod Das
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
Green House ◽  
The North ◽  
Green House Gas ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Stockholm Conference ◽  
North And South

Climate change is a multi-dimensional global problem. Its causes and impacts are distributed and felt across the International system, surpassing the traditional boundaries and jurisdictions of the states. The complex politics of climate change results from the global economy's interdependence on green house gas emissions. This paper attempts to explore the politics of climate change between developed and developing countries, International relations practice and environment issues in various International conferences. The historical perspective of climate change issues eliberated since Stockholm conference to the latest Paris conference is analysed. Adaptation, mitigation, finance, technology all these issues are highlighted in the paper. The paper has viewed that the International policy on environment is being shaped by inequality of bargaining power between the North and South. The developing countries under the leadership of India have taken firm position against the developed nations on the issue of green house gas emission, funding and technology, the paper has argued. Towards the end, this paper has focused on possible measures to address the problems of climate change through foreign policy initiatives, trade and investment, adaptation and mitigation.

scholarly journals Migration of exotic species of ammonites during highstands of sea level

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 324-324
Author(s):  
Keith Young
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Mozambique Channel ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
Early Late

In northeastern Chihuahua and Trans-Pecos Texas, in the early Late Albian zone of Hysteroceras varicosum occurs the Boeseites romeri (Haas) fauna with B. romeri (Hass), B. perarmata (Hass), B. aff. barbouri (Haas), B. cf. howelli (Haas), B.proteus (Haas), Prohysteroceras cf. P. hanhaense Haas, Elobiceras sp., and Dipoloceras (?) sp. B. perarmata has also been collected at Cerro Mercado, near Monclova, Coahuila. Haas originally described this fauna from Angola. Now, from rocks in the same zone in the Sierra Mojada, Coahuila, Mexico, there is a form related to if not identical with Hysteroceras famelicum Van Hoepen, also originally described from Angola and also from the zone of Hysteroceras varicosum.These fossils are known only from southern North America and Angola; they have not been described from the European Tethys. In 1984 I suggested that during the highstand of sea level of the early Late Albian (Hysteroceras varicosum zone) these ammonites migrated from Angola to Mexico and Trans-Pecos Texas via an epeiric seaway extending across the sag between South America and Africa proposed by Kennedy and Cooper. This would be twelve to fifteen million years prior to an oceanic connection between the North and South Atlantic.I would now ask, can similar epeiric seas and highstands of sea level explain the migration of successive European, Tethyan, Jurassic ammonite faunas down the Mozambique Channel and around the horn of Africa into the Neuquen Basin of Argentina before Africa and Antarctica separated, as proposed by Spath.

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