Phytoremediation capabilities and antioxidant enzymes’ activities of two halophytic shrubs Capparis decidua and Haloxylon salicornicum from Cholistan desert, Pakistan under salinity stress

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a serious threat to the poultry industry. Proanthocyanidins (PCs) demonstrates a broad range of biological, pharmacological, therapeutic, and chemoprotective properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of PCs against AFB1-induced histopathology, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in the bursa of Fabricius (BF) of broilers. One hundred forty-four one-day old Cobb chicks were randomly assigned into four treatment groups of six replicates (6 birds each replicate) for 28 days. Groups were fed on the following four diets; (1) Basal diet without addition of PCs or AFB1 (Control); (2) basal diet supplemented with 1 mg/kg AFB1 from contaminated corn (AFB1); (3) basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg PCs (PCs); and (4) basal diet supplemented with 1 mg/kg AFB1 + 250 mg/kg PCs (AFB1+ PCs). The present study results showed that antioxidant enzymes activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in AFB1 treated group were (p < 0.05) decreased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly increased in comparison with the control group. Furthermore, we found that dietary PCs treatment ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress in the BF through inhibiting the accumulation of MDA content and enhancing the antioxidant enzymes activities (T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GST). Similarly, PCs markedly enhanced messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, GPx1, and GST) in comparison with AFB1 group. Moreover, histological results showed that PCs alleviated AFB1-induced apoptotic cells in the BF of broilers. In addition, both mRNA and protein expression results manifested that mitochondrial-apoptosis-associated genes (Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, and p53 and cytochrome c) showed up-regulation, while (Bcl-2) showed down-regulation in AFB1 fed group. The supplementation of PCs to AFB1 diet significantly reversed the mRNA and protein expression of these apoptosis-associated genes, as compared to the AFB1 group. Our results demonstrated that PCs ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by modulating the antioxidant defense system and apoptosis in the BF through mitochondrial pathway in broilers.

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The protective effect of olive cake treatment on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, on serum, red blood cells and liver, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed cholesterol-enriched diet

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-06-2019-0198 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 785-798

Author(s):

Yahiaoui Zidan ◽

Sherazede Bouderbala ◽

Cherrad Hayet ◽

Bouchenak Malika

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Male Rats ◽

Olive Cake ◽

Content Type ◽

Enzymes Activities ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of olive cake (OC) on lipid peroxidation as well as antioxidant enzymes activities of serum, red blood cells (RBCs) and liver, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced-diabetic rat fed cholesterol-enriched diet. Design/methodology/approach Hypercholesterolemic male rats were rendered diabetic (HC-D) by a single intraperitoneal injection dose of STZ (35 mg/kg BW). HC-D rats were divided into two groups fed for 28d a diet supplemented with OC at 7.5 percent (HC-D-OC) or not (HC-D). A control group (C) was submitted to standard diet containing 20 per cent casein for the same experimental period. Findings RBCs, serum and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) contents were significantly increased in HC-D, compared to C group (p = 0.04, p = 0.02 and 0.03). These values were significantly decreased (48 per cent and 64 per cent; p = 0.02 and p = 0.0007) in serum and liver of HC-D-OC vs HC-D group. In RBCs, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were, respectively, 1.5, 2- and 1.7-fold higher (p = 0.03, p = 0.008 and p = 0.03) in HC-D group compared to HC group. In serum and liver, SOD, CAT and GST activities were, respectively, 1.3-, 2.6- and 1.6-fold increased (p = 0.03, p = 0.007 and p = 0.02). In HC-D-OC compared to HC-D group, RBCs glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), CAT and GST activities were, respectively, 2.1-, 3.3- and 2.1-fold higher (p = 0.04, p = 0.0009 and p = 0.03). In serum, SOD and CAT activities were, respectively, 1.5- and 1.9-fold increased (p = 0.02, p = 0.02). In liver, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT and GST activities were significantly increased (p = 0.005, p = 0.03, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04). Originality/value In diabetic rats-fed cholesterol-enriched diet, OC was able to reduce oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzymes activities in serum, RBCs and liver.

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Impacts of drought stress on growth, protein, proline, pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activities in rice (Oryza sativa L. var. BRRI dhan-24)

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v29i1.46537 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shamima Nasrin ◽

Shukanta Saha ◽

Hasna Hena Begum ◽

Rifat Samad

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Proline Accumulation ◽

The Other ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Enzymes Activities ◽

Pigment Contents ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

One of the major problems associated with rice cultivation and production is the deficiency of water resources. In here the effect of drought stress on growth, protein-, proline-, pigment contents and antioxidant enzymes activities in rice var. BRRI Dhan-24 was determined and analyzed under drought and wellwatered condition. Drought stress caused the decrease of growth and pigment contents - chlorophyll-a, b, a/b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content of leaves of rice plants. On the other hand, the accumulation of protein, proline contents and antioxidant enzymes activities was increased under drought stress. It may be suggested that antioxidant enzymes activities and proline accumulation were associated with the growth of the plant and consequently with the mechanisms of drought tolerance in rice. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 117-123, 2020 (January)

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