scholarly journals Organic Pineapple Production Technology in Tripura – The lone AEZ for Fruits in North East India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Utpal Das
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
North East India ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
North East ◽  
Organic Cultivation

Tripura is a land of high hills, hillocks, interspersed with rivers and valleys having moderately warm and humid climate, well distributed annual rainfall of 2500 mm. The terrain soil and climate of Tripura are ideally suited for rain-fed Horticulture. Tripura, being endowed with fertile soils, abundant moisture and sub-tropical climate offer immense scope for production of a wide variety of tropical and sub-tropical fruits. The climatic conditions of the state suitable for production of a large variety of horticultural crops chief among which include ‘Queen’ and ‘Kew’; varieties of Pineapple. Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) is a monoecious, monocotyledonous, monocarpic and xerophytic herbaceous perennial plant and its perennial in nature is propitiated through suckers. ‘Queen’ and ‘Kew’ (‘Smooth Cayenne’) are the main cultivars grown in different parts of Tripura. Among the states of north east India Assam is leading in terms of area and production and Tripura is just behind the Assam both in terms of area and production. Tripura produces 178.45 thousand MT from 12.57 thousand ha area (Anonymous, 2017), which is India’s fifth leading state of in pineapple production and Tripura is also share 9.30 per cent of India’s total pineapple production. The variety ‘Queen’ being the most popular for fresh consumption and occupying the largest area. These varieties are well known in the rest of the country. These Fruit products are free of any chemical residue thus making the fruits of Tripura products of organic farming. Pineapple production for export market is a realistic for organic cultivation for small scale organic farmers. The positive effects of organic pineapple production by default in Tripura competing on the global export market for pineapple.

↵​​Transboundary Animal Diseases in the Perspective of North East India: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
T.K. Dutta ◽  
P. Roychoudhury
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
North East India ◽  
Animal Diseases ◽  
North East ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Geographical Locations

Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) are a serious threat to food security and human health. North-East India shares international borders with five countries that include China, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal and Bhutan. Geographical locations and climatic conditions of North East India with respect to other parts of India are different. Although this part of the country is well known for its natural beauty, customs and unique cultures but the porous international borders made it highly prone to TADs. The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in pigs is believed to be entered in Mizoram, India from Myanmar. The recent outbreaks of African swine fever (ASF) in India are also initiated in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam and originated from China. The vulnerability of this region to be a potential entry point for TADs, which might have potential zoonotic value, warrants a critical review of the border situation of NER India. The current review emphasizes on awareness about TADs and the factors responsible for their emergence.

A combination of two species fish culture with Labeo gonius (Hamilton, 1822) and Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 under mid-hill condition in Meghalaya, North-east India

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Das ◽  
S. G. Singh ◽  
P. Mahanta ◽  
A. Das ◽  
N. P. Devi
Keyword(s):  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
North East India ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
North East ◽  
Hill Region ◽  
One Year

One of the major issues in promoting aquaculture in mid altitude region is the dearth of suitable fish species for enhancing fish production. The prevailing cold climatic conditions in the state of Meghalaya restricts the fish growing period to about 7-8 months in a year. The six species composite fish culture as commonly practiced in the lower altitude warmer region do not always perform well in mid altitude region. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate a two species fish culture system with Labeo gonius (Hamilton, 1822) and Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, for enhancing fish production from the mid-hill region. The paper highlights the performance of the two species in small ponds over a period of one year. The specific growth rate (SGR) ranged from 0.248 to 1.038 g day-1 and 0.520 to 1.831 g day-1 for L. gonius and C. carpio respectively. The combination yielded an average fish production of 2,550 kg ha-1 year-1.

scholarly journals Recent Rainfall Variability Over a Dryland Ecosystem of North Western India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIVYA SAINI ◽  
PANKAJ BHARDWAJ ◽  
Omvir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Western India ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western

Abstract In this study, an attempt has been made to examine the recent rainfall variability by means of daily rainfall data of 33 well spread stations over dryland ecosystem of Rajasthan in north western India during 1961-2017. For trend analysis, Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slope estimator and simple linear regression test have been used (at 95% confidence level). The results have shown a high interannual variability in rainfall occurrence varying from 277 mm (in year 2002) to 839 mm (in year 1975) with mean of 583 mm over this dryland ecosystem. Most of the rainfall deficit years have occurred with El-Nino years. The mean annual rainfall has shown a marginal non-significant upward trend over the ecosystem. The station-wise mean annual rainfall has revealed a significant rising trend over Barmer, Churu, Ganganagar, Jaisalmer and Pratapgarh stations. Interestingly, three year running average has shown a cyclic pattern of rainfall over dryland ecosystem under the changing climatic conditions. The spatial pattern has exhibited that the mean annual rainfall decreases from east and south east (more than 850 mm) to west and north west (less than 400 mm), which is mainly associated with the presence of Aravalli Mountains spreading north east to south west in central Rajasthan. Remarkably, majority of stations positioned in western parts of dryland ecosystem have shown increasing rainfall trends, whereas some stations located in eastern parts have recorded a non-significant declining trend. The magnitude of significant rising trend has varied from 5.34 mm/year (Pratapgarh station) to 2.17 mm/year (Jaisalmer station). Also, the frequency of heavy rainfall events has shown a positive trend with significant increasing trends over Bharatpur, Jaisalmer and Pratapgarh stations, whereas Bundi station has shown significant decreasing trend.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Five Methods for Estimating Class A Pan Evaporation in a Humid Climate

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suat Irmak ◽  
Dorota Z. Haman
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Annual Total

Evaporation pans continue to be used extensively throughout the world to measure free-surface water evaporation (Epan) and to estimate evapotranspiration for irrigation scheduling and water management for agronomic and horticultural crops. Epan is also being used extensively to estimate evaporation rates from lakes, wetlands, rivers, reservoirs, and other water bodies for management of wildlife and ecological habitat. A reliable method is needed to estimate missing daily Epan data. Determination of a reliable method for the estimation of Epan would also be useful in modeling of crop growth, and hydrological and ecological systems. Five methods [Penman (Penman, 1948), Kohler-Nordenson-Fox (KNF) (Kohler et al., 1955), Christiansen (Christiansen, 1968), Priestley-Taylor (PT) (Priestley and Taylor, 1972), and Linacre (Linacre, 1977)] for estimating Epan were compared with the historical (23-year) measured daily values to determine the suc- cess of accurate and consistent Epan estimations under humid climatic conditions in Florida. The root mean square error (RMSE) was used as the criteria to judge the accuracy and reliability of a given method. An RMSE value of <0.5 mm·d-1 (0.02 inches/d) between the measured and estimated Epan was considered as an acceptable error for daily estimations. The standard deviation (sd) values, and percent error (%E) between the estimated and measured values were also considered in the performance evaluations. Performance evaluations of the Epan estimates of the methods were made on a daily, monthly, and annual basis. Results indicated that the KNF method provided the best Epan estimations. The Linacre method yielded the poorest estimates. The second, third, and fourth best methods were the Penman, PT, and Christiansen, respectively. The RMSE and sd of Epan estimates were lowest when using KNF method. The mean value of the %E of daily, monthly, and annual estimations were 27%, 27%, and 26% for Christiansen; 6%, 6%, and 4% for KNF; 33%, 32%, and 26% for Linacre; 24%, 24%, and 21% for PT; and 19%, 17%, and 11% for Penman methods, respectively. The weekly, monthly, and annual total of Epan estimates from KNF method were also compared to the measured values of the two selected years of data (1981 and 1983). The annual rainfall totals were significantly lower than the 23-year mean in 1981, and higher in 1983. The %Es of weekly, monthly, and annual total Epan estimates were 9%, 9%, and -1% in 1981; and 11%, 5%, and 4% in 1983, respectively. The KNF method underestimated Epan in 1981 (dry year) and the underestimations were higher in summer months. The underestimations in a dry year, especially in summer months, might be due to the fact that the sensible heat advection is not effectively accounted for in the KNF equation causing underestimations of Epan. Overall results indicated that the KNF method should be the first choice, among the methods tested, for estimating daily Epan for irrigation scheduling and for estimating the missing Epan data in humid areas.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship through Micro Finance in North East India: A Comprehensive Review of Existing Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kanti Das
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Unemployed Youth ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Made In

Entrepreneurship on small scale is the only solution to the problems of unemployment and proper utilization of both human and non-human resources and improving the living conditions of the poor masses. The basic rationale of developing these industries are that they provide immediate large scale employment, ensure more equitable distribution of income, encourage decentralization of industries and eradicate poverty and unemployment. During the last three decades, many countries of the world have experienced the need and importance of entrepreneurship has been accepted as a strategy to achieve the twin objectives of promotion of entrepreneurship, particularly among the educated unemployed youth and also for rapid industrialization in the economy. The main object of this paper is to study the existing literature on entrepreneurship through Micro finance-SHG linkage in India in general and NER in particular. The analysis of this study is based on secondary sources. Efforts are also made in this paper to analyze the role of micro finance through SHGs in the promotion and development of entrepreneurship. This paper examines the different approaches of entrepreneurship and also explains the different key areas of micro enterprise development. Finally, this paper highlights the problems of micro, rural and women entrepreneurs and also suggested some specific measures based on the survey of existing literature, for the promotion of these industries in the country.

scholarly journals AAUOKHYB -1 : An excellent Okra hybrid developed by Assam Agricultural University (AAU) suitable for diverse agro-climatic situation of North East India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 672-675
Author(s):  
G. C. Bora ◽  
G. N. Hazarika ◽  
P. Talukdar
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
North East India ◽  
Germplasm Identification ◽  
North East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Development

A hybrid development programme on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) was undertaken at the Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat. The work included collection and evaluation of okra germplasm, identification of parents for hybridization, selfing of identified parental lines, making crosses and production of hybrid seeds, testing of hybrids for yield and resistance to Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV) disease, adaptability under diverse agro-climatic condition and testing in all India trials. The programme resulted in development and identification of excellent Okra hybrid AAUOKHYB-1 in 2017.  The performance of the hybrid was very good under diverse agro-climatic conditions yielding about 162.0 q/ha fruit yield which is 32.5% higher than the best commercial check Arka Anamika. The hybrid showed resistant (R) reaction to YVMV disease. A wide range of heterosis upto 43% was exhibited by the hybrid in different vegetable research centers of the country as compared to the best check variety.

New record of Aulacophora foveicollis on Clerodendrumindicum (L.) Kuntze from North East India

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimantini Borkataki ◽  
Purnima Das ◽  
I. C. Boruah ◽  
Abhijit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Aulacophora Foveicollis

Aulacophora foveicollis, a polyphagous pest of more than 81 plant species is known for its voracious feeding habit. Studies on occurrence and population density of this pest were carried out under field conditions at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. Correlation studies revealed that population density of A. foveicollis showed significant negative correlation with maximum temperature and significant positive correlation with evening relative humidity. Multiple regression equations were developed for A. foveicollis to predict their seasonal incidence under the agro climatic conditions of Jorhat.

Changing Spatio-Temporal Rainfall Fluctuation over North East India

2021 ◽  
pp. 373-381
Author(s):  
Leena K. Tribhuvan ◽  
Ganesh K. Chavhan
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Tropical Meteorology ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Desert Area ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This study is analysis of changes in rainfall fluctuation in North East India. Using the longest instrumental monthly rainfall data of well spread 316 stations across India available from Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), the fluctuation characteristics as well as the spatial-temporal variability of the seasonal, monsoon monthly and annual rainfall pattern over the north eastern region of India (NER) have been examined. On an average, NER receives about 2450 mm of rainfall with 1093.0 mm as its annual evapo transpiration. The winter (JF) rainfall contributes 2.1% to the annual rainfall; summer (MAM) rainfall 24.3%; summer monsoon (JJAS) rainfall 65.1% and the post-monsoon (OND) rainfall contributes 8.5% to the annual rainfall. The region shows great variation in surface temperature regime (15oC to 32oC in summer and 0 to 26oC in winter). The spatial-temporal rainfall variability shows random fluctuating characteristics of expansion / contraction of desert area but overall it is showing a slight decreasing over the NER as well as whole India.

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