scholarly journals Treatment of combined coffee processing wastewater using constructed wetland/ Cyperus-ustulatus and Typha-latifolia plants process

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-433
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Wetland Treatment

<p>The research investigated wastewater discharges from wet coffee processing plant (WCPP) combined with tap water (TW) treated by using Cyperus-ustulatus plant (P1), Typha-latifolia plant (P2) wetland. The WCPP wastewater was conducted by different combination (100%WW + 0% TW; 75% WW + 25% TW; 50% WW + 50% TW; 75%WW + 25% TW and 0% WW + 100% TW) after being irrigated for 21 days in the constructed wetland with P1, P2and control (without a plant). The highest value of total solids, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand increases were 76%, 95% and, 96%, respectively, removed wastewater treated by T3 (50% WW + 50% TW) with P2 wetland after 21 days irrigated. As a result, the combination of coffee wastewater with constructed wetland treatment methods was a low-cost, affordable, technically viable and eco-friendly treatment option for the wet coffee processing plant wastewater.</p>

scholarly journals Performance of Filterbeds and Macrophytes in Vertical Constructed Wetland for Treating Domestic Sewage Effluent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanitha Thammaiah ◽  
Manjunatha Hebbara ◽  
Manjunatha Mudukapla Virupakshappa
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract An experiment with different filterbeds and macrophytes was carried-out to study their phytoremediation capacity on the efficiency of domestic wastewater treatment through constructed wetland (CW) during November to March, 2017-18 at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad campus, Karnataka, India. Twenty treatment combinations involving five types of filterbeds (FB-1: gravel, FB-2: gravel-sand-gravel, FB-3: gavel-sand-brick-gravel, FB-4: gravel-sand-charcoal-gravel and FB-5: gravel-sand-(charcoal+brick)-gravel) and four macrophytes (MP-1: Typha latifolia, MP-2: Brachiaria mutica, MP-3: Canna indica and MP-4: Phragmites sps.) were evaluated for treating domestic wastewater. After 120 days from start, across treatment combinations, water electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved and suspended solids (TDS-TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), sodium, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), bicarbonates, total nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (N-P-K) and boron (B) were reduced by more than 40 per cent due to wetland treatment. The system enhanced the mineralization of organic nitrogen to ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) fractions. Among filterbeds, Type-5 caused higher reduction in pH, EC, BOD, COD and Organic-N while, Type-4 proved efficient in removing total solids and lowering pH in the sewage effluent. The Type-3 filterbed removed more suspended solids, potassium and ammoniacal nitrogen. Among the macrophytes, Brachiaria (paragrass) removed more nitrogen and potassium while, Phragmites removed more nitrogen, phosphorus and boron. The flexibility of implementation allows the CW to be adapted to different sites with different configurations, being suitable as main, secondary or tertiary treatment stage.

STUDI TREATMENT CONSTRUCTED WETLAND PADA AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK PEMUKIMAN PESISIR (Studi Kasus : Pantai Blebak, Kecamatan Mlonggo, Kabupaten Jepara)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kholis Normania Laily ◽  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Dwi Sat Agus Yuwana
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Dracaena Sanderiana

<p>Kawasan pesisir erat kaitannya dengan perubahan sifat perairan yang terjadi akibat kegiatan manusia, salah satunya yaitu berasal dari air limbah domestik. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada pemukiman pesisir Pantai Blebak Kabupaten Jepara, menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat masih membuang air limbah langsung ke badan tanah tanpa melakukan pengolahan, sehingga mencemari kualitas air tanah. Oleh karena itu diperlukan metode dalam pengolahan air limbah.</p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini menggunakan metode <em>Constructed Wetland Subsurface Flow Horizontal</em> dengan tanaman <em>Typha angustifolia,</em> <em>Cladium</em>, dan<em> Dracaena sanderiana</em>. Parameter senyawa yang ditinjau adalah BOD (<em>Biochemical Oxygen Demand</em>), COD (<em>Chemical Oxygen Demand</em>), dan TSS (<em>Total Suspended Solid</em>). Pengolahan dilakukan dengan waktu detensi 3,6, dan 9 hari. Sedangkan analisis<em> </em>data yang digunakan yaitu analisis uji Anova.</p><p> </p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai penyisihan tertinggi kadar BOD, COD, dan TSS terjadi pada waktu detensi ke -9 hari. Penyisihan kadar BOD tertinggi yaitu sebesar 90,24%, untuk parameter COD yaitu sebesar 90,46%, sedangkan penyisihan TSS tertinggi yaitu sebebesar 90,61%.</p>

Wetland Treatment of Pulp Mill Wastewater

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Moore ◽  
S. M. Skarda ◽  
R. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Scirpus Acutus ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Spike Rush

Ten wetland ponds, each 1430 m2 (1/3 acre) in area are being utilized to evaluate the treatment of wastewater from a pulp mill. The ponds are being operated at a depth of 46 cm (18″) and detention times are 2 and 10 days. Six of the ponds have been planted to cattails (Typha latifolia) and three to bulrush (Scirpus acutus). One of the ponds is filled with large (150 mm) stone to compare a subsurface non-plant system. In 24 stock tanks, 8 aquatic plant species (Cattail, Hardstem Bulrush, Bolander's Rush, Common Spike Rush, Water Mannagrass, Beaked Sedge, Water Parsley and Yellow Pond Lily) are being grown to evaluate the effect of plants in the wetland treatment of wastewater. These same species are being evaluated in a larger area for competitiveness and hardiness in the wastewater. The ponds were planted in the winter of 1990/91. Results of this work on treatment of biochemical oxygen demand, solids and colour removal will be reported. Removals are in the range of 55%, 70% and less than 5% for the three parameters, respectively.

Domestic wastewater treatment through constructed wetland in India

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Juwarkar ◽  
B. Oke ◽  
A. Juwarkar ◽  
S. M. Patnaik
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
The Mean

The paper highlights the use of constructed wetlands for the removal of BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus and pathogens from primary treated wastewater. The constructed wetland consists of emergent macrophytesTypha latifolia and Phragmites carca grown in cement pipes having 0.1256 m2 area and 0.8 meter deep filled with 30% soil and 70% sand. The hydraulic loadings were maintained at the rate of 5 cm per day. The BOD removal in wetlands was observed to be 78-91%. The nitrogen content reduced from 30.8 mgl−1 to 9.5 mgl−1 whereas phosphate in treated wetland effluent was 9.6 mgl−1 as against the mean inflow total phosphate content of 14.9 mgl−1. The country’s first constructed wetland, of 90m × 30m size, was installed at Sainik School, Bhubaneshwar in the State of Orissa. Two types of macrophytes, viz. Typha latifolia and Phragmites carca, were planted. At present 180-200 m3 wastewater is being treated through wetland. BOD and nitrogen removal were 67-90% and 58-63% respectively. The constructed wetland treatment was found to be efficient in removal of BOD and N, and economically viable. The system, being easy to operate and low cost, can provide an economical viable solution for wastewater management.

scholarly journals Design Recommendations for Constructed Wetland Treatment Unit at Household Level

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Design Recommendations ◽  
Household Level

In this study, small scale simple Constructed Wetland is developed for treating wastewater at household level. For this purposedifferent laboratory based constructed wetlands are developed by changing size of soil, thickness of soil and by changing type of plants. Water quality parameters namely pH, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids, Electrical Conductivity, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate Chloride, Fluoride, Phosphate, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Fecal Coliforms are tested before and after treatment. It is evident that Fecal Coliforms, Ammonia, Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand removal is maximum as 98%, 92%, 86% and 75% respectively. Inorganic matters are not removed effectively. Design recommendations are also given for household constructed wetland. It is suggested Canna Indica plant is the most suitable option of wastewater disposal at household level.

scholarly journals Application of Ozone and Oxygen to Reduce Chemical Oxygen Demand and Hydrogen Sulfide from a Recovered Paper Processing Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Terry
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Short Contact Time ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Fox River

A pilot study was performed at the Fox River Fiber recovered paper processing company in DePere, Wisconsin, to determine the extent to which injection of oxygen and ozone could reduce the high chemical oxygen demand, COD, in the effluent and the effectiveness of the ozone/oxygen stream in suppressing production of hydrogen sulfide gas in downstream sewage lines. Adaptive Ozone Solutions, LLC, supplied the oxygen/ozone generation and injection system. Samples were analyzed both before and after oxygen/ozone injection. Hydrogen sulfide gas was continuously monitored at sewer stations downstream of Fox River Fiber. Results showed that with a very short contact time, effluent COD was reduced by over 15%. A simple kinetic model predicts that a contact time of fewer than 30 minutes could reduce COD by as much as 60%. In addition, downstream hydrogen sulfide gas production in the sewage mains was also better controlled, such that costly Bioxide applications could be reduced.

scholarly journals KINERJA BIOSAND FILTER BERBAHAN DASAR BATUAN ANDESIT DALAM MENURUNKAN KONSENTRASI BOD DAN COD PADA AIR TANAH DANGKAL

Jurnal Dampak ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Tivany Edwin ◽  
Yommi Dewilda
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biosand Filter

Air tanah dangkal merupakan opsi sumber air bersih yang umum digunakan masyarakat. Tingginya kadar Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) dan Chemical Oxygen demand (COD) terkadang ditemukan pada air tanah dangkal yang menandakan tercemarnya air tersebut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan teknologi tepat guna pengolahan air yang relatif murah dan efisien untuk skala rumah tangga masyarakat seperti biosand filter. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja biosand filter dalam menurunkan parameter BOD dan COD pada sampel air tanah dangkal dari sumur penduduk. Biosand filter didesain dengan dimensi reaktor 30x30x90 cm dengan perbandingan ketinggian media pasir halus:pasir kasar:kerikil sebesar 50:5:5 cm. Media yang digunakan merupakan batuan andesit yang mudah ditemukan di daerah Sumatra Barat. Debit air yang dialirkan pada biosand filter adalah 0,6 L/menit. Waktu penumbuhan biofilm selama 21 hari dan pengoperasian reaktor selama 14 hari. Setelah dilakukan analisis, reaktor biosand filter mampu menyisihkan parameter BOD dan COD. Efisiensi penyisihan konsentrasi BOD oleh reaktor biosand filter sebesar 75%-87%, dan efisiensi penyisihan konsentrasi COD oleh reaktor biosand sebesar 65%-70%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa reaktor biosand filter cukup efektif dalam menyisihkan parameter BOD dan COD.Kata-kata Kunci : Air Tanah Dangkal, Andesit Biosand Filter, BOD, dan COD,

scholarly journals Pengukuran Parameter Bahan Organik Di Perairan Sungai Silugonggo, Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Erick Samuel Frederico Hasibuan ◽  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Sunaryo Sunaryo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Wastewater Quality

Perairan Silugonggo merupakan area pemukiman warga dengan banyak aktivitas perikanan dan kelautan seperti: pertambakan, industri perikanan dan merupakan alur pelayaran. Tingginya aktivitas pemukiman dan industri akan menghasilkan limbah organik dalam jumlah besar. Bahan organik yang melimpah dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan bahan organik di perairan sungai Silugonggo, Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati. Kandungan bahan organik diketahui melalui analisis parameter TOM (Total Organic Matter), BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) dan COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan pada tanggal 20 Desember 2019 dan 20 Januari 2020. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kasus dengan pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan dan penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil pengukuran parameter penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai TOM sebesar 8,11 – 11,9 mg/L. Hasil pengukuran parameter (a) BOD5 sebesar 8,07 – 24,66 mg/L dan (b) COD sebesar 26,04 – 79,21 mg/L, hasil tersebut berada di bawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan menurut Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 51 Tahun 2004 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah. Tingginya nilai TOM dikarenakan banyaknya masukan limbah bahan organik dari aktivitas di perairan sungai Silugonggo, seperti: pertambakan, industri perikanan, dan alur pelayaran. Silugonggo waters is a residential area with many fishery and marine activities such as: aquaculture, fishing industry and shipping lanes. High residential and industrial activities will produce large amounts of organic waste. Abundant organic matter can cause environmental pollution. This study aims to determine the content of organic matter in the waters of the Silugonggo River, Juwana District, Pati Regency. The content of organic matter is known through parameter analysis of TOM (Total Organic Matter), BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Sampling was carried out on December 20, 2019 and January 20, 2020. The method used in this study used the method of direct observation in the field and the date of the research location using the purposive sampling method. The results of the measurement of research parameters were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that the TOM value was 8.11–11.9 mg/L. Parameter measurement results (a) BOD5 of 8.07–24.66 mg/L and (b) COD of 26.04–79.21 mg/L, these results are below the quality standard stipulated according to the Decree of the Minister of the Environment No. 51 of 2004 concerning Wastewater Quality Standards. The high value of TOM is due to the large number of inputs of organic matter from activities in the waters of the Silugonggo river, such as: aquaculture, fishing industry, and shipping lanes.

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