A Comparison of Pain Scale on Neonates in a Top Refferal Hospital in Indonesia

Background: Pain assessment scale in neonates is the cornerstones of pain management so that the impact of pain can be prevented to maximize neonatal growth and development.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the most appropriate pain assessment scale used for neonates in Indonesia.Methods: A cross sectional study design was used in 30 neonates hospitalized using Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), Neonatal infant Acute Pain Assessment Scale (NIAPAS) and Pain Assessment Tool (PAT). Pain assessment was performed by nurses (n=30) and expert nurses (n=5) participated in the validation of scales. Statistical analysis using validity (content, construct and concurrent validity) and reliability (inter-rater reliability and internal consistency) test.Results: NIPS instrument have excellent validity, reliability, and feasibility value compared with NIAPAS and PAT.Conclusion: NIPS was shown a valid, reliable, and practical scale for assessing pain in neonates. It allows nurses to identifying pain and help to provide of appropriate pain management

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421 - Prevalence of Pain in Dementia Subtypes: Data from a National Sample of Aged Care Residents in Australia

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610221001800 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. 43-43

Author(s):

Atee M ◽

Morris T ◽

Macfarlane S ◽

Cunningham C

Keyword(s):

Pain Assessment ◽

Severe Pain ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

National Sample ◽

Aged Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Residential Aged Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Pain ◽

The Impact

Background:Pain is poorly identified in dementia due to complete or partial loss in communication, which is associated with progressive cognitive impairment. If it goes untreated, pain can lead to behavioral disturbances (e.g., agitation/aggression), delirium, inappropriate pharmacotherapy (e.g., psychotropics), hospitalizations and caregiver distress. There are limited prevalence data in the literature on pain in dementia subtypes.Objective:This study aims to investigate the prevalence and intensity of pain in various dementia subtypes in aged care residents living with dementia (RLWD), using a technology-driven pain assessment tool.Methods:A 1-year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on the presence and intensity of pain in referrals to Dementia Support Australia from residential aged care homes (RACHs), using PainChek®. PainChek® is a pain assessment tool that uses artificial intelligence algorithms (e.g., automated facial recognition and analysis) to identify facial expressions indicative of pain in conjunction with other digital checklists of pain behaviors such as vocalization and movement cues. Presence and intensity of pain were identified using PainChek® categories (scores): no pain (0-6), mild pain (7-11), moderate pain (12-15) and severe pain (16-42).Results:During the study period (01/11/2017-31/10/2018), a sample of 479 referrals (age: 81.9 ± 8.3 years old; 55.5% female) from 370 RACHs with Alzheimer’s disease (AD; 40.9%), vascular dementia (VaD; 12.7%), mixed dementia (MD; 5.9%), dementia with Lewy body (DLB; 2.9%), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD; 2.3%) were examined. Pain was prevalent in two-thirds (65.6%) of the referrals with almost half (48.4%) of these categorized as experiencing moderate-severe pain. MD and those with DLB (78.6% each) shared the highest prevalence of pain, followed by AD (64.3%) > VaD (62.3%) > FTD (54.6%). Prevalence of severe pain was as follow: MD (17.9%) > AD (12.3%) > VaD (11.5%) > FTD (9.1%) > DLB (7.1%).Conclusion:To date, this is the largest study that presented data on pain prevalence and intensity in major dementia subtypes in the RACH setting. Moderate-severe pain is highly prevalent in RLWD, which appears to differ by dementia subtypes. This may reveal the impact of neuropathological etiology of those subtypes on the neurobiology of pain.Word count:344 words

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Differential Effect of Recurrent Concussions on Symptom Clusters in Sport Concussion Assessment Tool

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2018-0166 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

pp. 735-739

Author(s):

Jian Chen ◽

Bruce Oddson ◽

Heather C. Gilbert

Keyword(s):

Assessment Tool ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Symptom Clusters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sport Concussion ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Using Data ◽

Composite Scores ◽

The Impact

Context: Symptom checklist in Sport Concussion Assessment Tool has been widely used in preseason assessment and in concussion diagnosis, but the impact of prior concussions on the graded symptoms after a new concussion has not been evaluated. Objective: This study was undertaken to examine reported symptoms associated with recurrent concussions using data of a comprehensive survey among athletes. Design: Retrospective survey and cross-sectional study. Setting: College athletes. Participants: Student athletes who sustained one or more concussions. Main Outcome Measures: Concussion history and graded symptoms of the most recent concussion at time of the survey were surveyed. The impact of prior concussions was examined over symptoms and aggregated symptoms. Results: Multiple concussions were associated with greater reporting of individual symptoms related to emotion and physical symptoms of sensitivity to light and noise: more emotional (z = 2.3, P = .02); sadness (z = 2.4, P = .02); nervousness (z = 2.4, P = .02); irritability (z = 3.6, P = .01); sensitivity to light (z = 2.6, P = .01); and sensitivity to noise (z = 2.4, P = .04). The composite scores of emotional symptom and sensitivity symptom clusters were significantly higher: t = 2.68 (P < .01) and t = 3.35 (P < .01), respectively. Conclusions: The significant rises in emotional and sensitivity symptoms may be an important additive effect of concussive injury. Closer attention should be given to these symptom clusters when evaluating concussion injury and recovery.

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Adequacy of Cancer-Related Pain Treatments and Factors Affecting Proper Management in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia

Journal of Oncology ◽

10.1155/2020/2903542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Kald Beshir Tuem ◽

Leake Gebremeskel ◽

Kibrom Hiluf ◽

Kbrom Arko ◽

Haftom Gebregergs Hailu

Keyword(s):

Pain Management ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Short Form ◽

Brief Pain Inventory ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

Strong Opioids

Background. Cancer-related pain (CRP) is a major problem with a potential negative impact on quality of life of the patients and their caregivers. Purpose. To assess the adequacy of cancer-related pain management in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH). Methodology. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in ACSH from January to March 2019. A well-structured professional-assisted questionnaire using Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) was used to collect data concerning the severity of pain, functioning interference, and adequacy of pain management in cancer patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.21. Result. Out of 91 participants, 47 (51.6%) were male and 52 (57.1%) were between the age group of 18–45, with the mean age of 44.8 ± 13.6 years. According to the pain assessment tool (BPI), 85 (93.4%) patients experienced pain and 90 (98.9%) patients had activity interference; negative pain management index (PMI) was observed in 40 (43.95%) patients, showing that 43.95% were receiving inadequate pain management. Out of 38 patients who received no analgesics, 35.2% were found to have inadequate pain management, whereas those who took strong opioids had 100% effective pain management and the majority of the patients were in stage III. Among 38 (41.76%) only 20 (52.63%) received adequate pain management, based on patients’ self-report in which 18.7% of the participants stated that they got 30% pain relief and only 1.1% got 90% relief. The predictors of undertreatment were presence of severe pain, metastasis, comorbidity, and stage of the cancer and could also be due to the educational level and monthly income, as evidenced by significant association. Conclusion. This study suggests that cancer pain management in ACSH was sufficient for only 56%. However, large numbers of individuals are suffering from a manageable pain. Hence, remedial action should be taken, including increasing awareness of symptom management in medical staff and incorporating existing knowledge into routine clinical practice.

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Habitual Coffee Consumption Enhances Attention and Vigilance in Hemodialysis Patients

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/707460 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Petar M. Nikić ◽

Branislav R. Andrić ◽

Biljana B. Stojimirović ◽

Jasna Trbojevic-Stanković ◽

Zoran Bukumirić

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Adult Population ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Western World ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Objective.Coffee drinking is the main source of caffeine intake among adult population in the western world. It has been reported that low to moderate caffeine intake has beneficial effect on alertness and cognitive functions in healthy subjects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of habitual coffee consumption on cognitive function in hemodialysis patients.Methods.In a cross-sectional study, 86 patients from a single-dialysis centre underwent assessment by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool and evaluation for symptoms of fatigue, mood, and sleep disorders by well-validated questionnaires. The habitual coffee use and the average daily caffeine intake were estimated by participants’ response to a dietary questionnaire.Results.Sixty-seven subjects (78%) consumed black coffee daily, mostly in low to moderate dose. Cognitive impairment was found in three-quarters of tested patients. Normal mental performance was more often in habitual coffee users (25% versus 16%). Regular coffee drinkers achieved higher mean scores on all tested cognitive domains, but a significant positive correlation was found only for items that measure attention and concentration (P=0.024).Conclusions.Moderate caffeine intake by habitual coffee consumption could have beneficial impact on cognitive function in hemodialysis patients due to selective enhancement of attention and vigilance.

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Spanish-dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS-S): psychometric properties and validation

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02230-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

A. Carnes ◽

E. Barallat-Gimeno ◽

A. Galvan ◽

B. Lara ◽

A. Lladó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Assessment Scale ◽

Knowledge Assessment ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Good Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Forward Translation ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Community knowledge of the disease has proven to be a very important aspect of the development of interventions and the evaluation of their effectiveness. However, it is necessary to have standardized and recognized tools in different languages. The aim of the current study was to develop a cross-cultural adaptation of the Spanish Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-S) and to assess their psychometric properties with cohorts of health students and professional and non-professional caregivers of AD patients from several regions of Spain. Methods We developed and translated the DKAS into Spanish following the forward-back-forward translation procedure. Then, we performed a cross-sectional study to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of the DKAS-S. We also performed an analysis to obtain test-retest reliability measures. The study was performed in four medical centres across three regions in Spain. From May to September 2019, we administered the scale to students, professional and non-professional caregivers; including a subgroup of non-professional caregivers of patients with early-onset AD (< 65 years). Results Eight hundred forty-six volunteer participants completed the DKAS-S: 233 students (mean age 26.3 ± 9.2 years), 270 professional caregivers (mean age 42.5 ± 11.7 years) and 343 non-professional caregivers of AD patients. (mean age was 56.4 ± 13.16). The DKAS-S showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.819) and good test-retest reliability (time 1: 28.1 ± 8.09 vs time 2: 28.8 ± 7.96; t = − 1.379; p = 0.173). Sensitivity to change was also significant in a subgroup of 31 students who received education related to AD and dementias between each administration (time 1: 25.6 ± 6.03) to (time 2: 32.5 ± 7.12; t = − 5.252, p = 0.000). The validity of the construct was verified by confirmatory factor analysis, although there were challenges in the inclusion of some items in the original 4 factors. Conclusions The 25-item DKAS-S showed good psychometric properties for validity and reliability and the factorial analysis when it was administered to a population of students and professional and non-professional caregivers. It was a useful instrument for measuring levels of knowledge about dementia in Spanish population.

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Final Validation of the Pediatric Tracheotomy Health Status Instrument (PTHSI)

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1067/mhn.2002.122634 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 126 (3) ◽

pp. 228-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christopher J. Hartnick ◽

Barbara K. Giambra ◽

Cynthia Bissell ◽

Cynthia M. Fitton ◽

Robin T. Cotton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specific Criterion ◽

Health Status Instrument ◽

Related Quality ◽

The Impact

OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the development and final testing of an instrument designed to evaluate the impact of tracheotomy on the health-related quality of life of affected families in whom a child has had a tracheotomy (the Pediatric Tracheotomy Health Status Instrument [PTHSI]). STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study designed to analyze a disease-specific health status instrument to establish validity and reliability. RESULTS: The PTHSI was initially pilot tested in 130 families during a 3-month period from September through November 2000. After initial analysis and revision, from January 2001 through July 2001, 154 different families completed the revised instrument. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient for the instrument was 0.91, with domain-specific coefficients ranging from 0.66 for physical symptoms to 0.87 for caregiver stress and coping. Specific criterion validity analysis produced a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8 ( P < 0.0001). Construct validity testing via Wilcoxon matched sum testing suggested statistically significant differences between subpopulations ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: After initial testing and revision of the PTHSI, final instrument administration and analysis reveal the instrument to be valid and reliable. Future studies are planned to evaluate its responsiveness in longitudinal application.

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Perception of Pain, Attitude and Satisfaction of Pain Management among Postoperative Patients

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/45991.14457 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Uma Venkatesan ◽

Sruthi Kamal ◽

Jasmine Viswanathan

Keyword(s):

Pain Management ◽

General Surgery ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Postoperative Recovery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Urological Surgery

Introduction: Pain is considered as a fifth vital sign. Pain management and patients satisfaction with the treatment decreases early postoperative recovery. Aim: The study aim was to assess the satisfaction of pain management among postoperative patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was used to conduct a study among 180 postoperative patients’ undergone surgeries (General surgery patients, ortho-paedic surgery and urological surgery patients) at selected hospitals, Puducherry. The purpose of the study was to associate the pain level with satisfaction. The patients were selected based on purposive sampling technique. After obtaining consent, the researcher used numerical pain scale to assess the pain perception of the patient, closed ended questionnaire to assess attitude level and modified short assessment questionnaire for patient satisfaction towards pain management. The study was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 20.0. The descriptive statistics was used to assess the level of pain and attitude and inferential statistics like Pearson correlation coefficient were carried out to find the correlation between pain and satisfaction. Results: Severe pain was felt by nearly all (70%) among general surgery patients, 60% in orthopaedic surgery patients and 50% had moderate pain in urological surgery patients respectively. Regarding attitude, majority (78%, 88% and 83%) of the patients had positive attitude towards pain management in General surgery, Orthopaedic and Urology surgery patients. Most (74%) of them were satisfied with their pain management in general surgery patients, whereas in orthopaedic and urological patients, nearly all 90%, 96% of the clients were very satisfied towards pain management. Conclusion: The study concluded, optimal satisfaction toward pain management will increase quality of early postoperative recovery.

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Item Analysis: The impact of distractor efficiency on the discrimination power of multiple choice items

10.21203/rs.2.15899/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Assad Ali Rezigalla ◽

Elwathiq Khalid Ibrahim ◽

Amar Babiker ElHussein

Keyword(s):

Item Analysis ◽

Multiple Choice ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Discrimination Power ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Difficulty Index ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Distractor efficiency of multiple choice item responses is a component of item analysis used by the examiners to to evaluate the credibility and functionality of the distractors.Objective To evaluate the impact of functionality (efficiency) of the distractors on difficulty and discrimination indices.Methods A cross-sectional study in which standard item analysis of an 80-item test consisted of A type MCQs was performed. Correlation and significance of variance among Difficulty index (DIF), discrimination index (DI), and distractor Efficiency (DE) were measured.Results There is a significant moderate positive correlation between difficulty index and distractor efficiency, which means there is a tendency for high difficulty index go with high distractor efficiency (and vice versa). A weak positive correlation between distractor efficiency and discrimination index.Conclusions Non-functional distractor can reduce discrimination power of multiple choice questions. More training and effort for construction of plausible options of MCQ items is essential for the validity and reliability of the tests.

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Pain Prevalence in a Pediatric Hospital: Raising Awareness during Pain Awareness Week

Pain Research and Management ◽

10.1155/2014/737692 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. e24-e30 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Denise Harrison ◽

Cynthia Joly ◽

Christine Chretien ◽

Sarah Cochrane ◽

Jacqueline Ellis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Management ◽

Pain Assessment ◽

Management Practices ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Pediatric Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pain Scores

BACKGROUND: Despite the evidence and availability of numerous validated pain assessment tools and pain management strategies for infants and children, their use remains inconsistent in clinical practice.OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of pain, pain assessment and pain management practices at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Canada.METHODS: The cross-sectional study design involved a combination of interviews with children and/or caregivers, and chart audits in five inpatient units. Information regarding pain intensity, painful procedures and pain management strategies was obtained from children and/or caregivers by interview. Patient charts were reviewed for information regarding pain assessment, pain scores, and pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions.RESULTS: Sixty-two children (four days to 17 years of age) participated. Most children or their caregivers (n=51 [84%]) reported that pain was experienced during their hospitalization, with 40 (66%) reporting their worst pain as moderate or severe. Almost one-half reported analgesics were administered before or during their most recent painful procedure. Nineteen (32%) reported sucrose, topical anesthetics or nonpharmacological interventions were used; however, they were documented in only 17% of charts. Pain scores were documented in 34 (55%) charts in the previous 24 h. The majority of the children or their caregiver (n=44 [71%]) were satisfied with pain management at the study hospital.CONCLUSIONS: Most infants and children had experienced moderate or severe pain during their hospitalization. Analgesics were frequently used, and although nonpharmacological strategies were reported to be used, they were rarely documented. Most parents and children were satisfied with their pain management.

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Healthy Eating Vital Sign: A New Assessment Tool for Eating Behaviors

ISRN Obesity ◽

10.5402/2012/734682 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jessica L. J. Greenwood ◽

Junji Lin ◽

Danita Arguello ◽

Trever Ball ◽

Janet M. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Vital Sign ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Behaviors ◽

Adult Health ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction. Most dietary questionnaires are not created for use in a clinical setting for an adult health exam. We created the Healthy Eating Vital Sign (HEVS) to assess eating behaviors associated with excess weight. This study investigated the validity and reliability of the HEVS. Methods. Using a cross-sectional study design, participants responded to the HEVS and the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire (BFFQ). We analyzed the data descriptively, and, with Pearson’s correlation and Cronbach coefficient alpha. Results. We found moderate correlation (rho>0.3) between multiple items of the HEVS and BFFQ. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.49. Conclusion. Our results support the criterion validity and internal reliability of the HEVS as compared to the BFFQ. The HEVS can help launch a dialogue between patients and providers to monitor and potentially manage dietary behaviors associated with many chronic health conditions, including obesity.

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