scholarly journals Biomedical waste generation, composition and management: A case study of Shree Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital (SMGS) Shalamar, Jammu (J&K)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-600
Author(s):  
Sapna Rani ◽  
Raj Kumar Rampal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Infectious Waste

For the life, health and general well-being, good medical care play vital role and hospitals are health institutions that provide these services. Wastes generated from the hospitals, medical care units, blood banks and medical laboratory is called biomedical waste. Proper management of biomedical waste is important for good health of not only the patients but also for residents living in the vicinity of hospitals. The present study, has been made to study biomedical waste management in SMGS Hospital Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir). The average biomedical waste per bed per day of SMGS Hospital was observed to be 116.37g, whereas maximum value of average biomedical waste per bed per day was observed to be 315.61g in Gynecology and  Obstetric, 68.34g in ENT wards, 37.28g in Paedriatic wards and 44.27g in Dermatology wards The average per bed per day biomedical waste generation in SMGS hospital appears to be  is less as compared with work of other workers because their evaluations were based on Biomedical Waste (Management and Handing) Rules, 1998 in which both infectious and non-infectious waste were included whereas present study was based on Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules which included only infectious waste.

scholarly journals Medical laboratory waste generation rate, management practices, and associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Endris ◽  
Zemenu Tamir Tamir ◽  
Abay Sisay
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Medical Laboratories ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

Background: Biomedical wastes (BMW) generated from medical laboratories are hazardous and can be deleterious to humans and the environment. Highly infectious types of biomedical wastes are commonly generated at an unacceptably high rate from health laboratories of developing countries with a poor management system like Ethiopia. This study was aimed to evaluate the generation rate of biomedical wastes, management practices, and associated factors among public healthcare medical laboratories in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Materials and methods: A Health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 13 to September 25, 2020, in 6 hospital laboratories and 20 health center laboratories in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, and practice of biomedical waste management of the health facilities, Biomedical waste generation rate were collected using data collection tools. Data were managed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, linear and logistic regression analysis were computed to identify independent predictors of the dependent variable. An Odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine the strength of association. Results: The finding revealed that the mean plus or minus SD of the daily generation rate of biomedical wastes was 4.9 plus or minus 3.13 kg/day per medical laboratory. Nineteen (74.3%) medical laboratories had a proper practice of biomedical waste management which is significantly associated with knowledge of professionals on biomedical waste management policies and guidelines, availability of separate financial sources for biomedical waste management, and training level of professionals. Conclusion: The study showed a high generation of biomedical waste from medical laboratories in public healthcare in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Near two-thirds of health facilities had a proper practice of waste segregation, collection, storage, and treatment of biomedical wastes generated from their laboratory. However, there was a poor practice of transportation and disposal. Hence, due attention and practicing as per the current national guidelines of biomedical waste management is recommended.

scholarly journals Confiabilidad y validez del cuestionario de trastornos de sueño BEARS en niños y adolescentes escolares de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL (Reliability and Validity of the BEARS Sleep Disorder Questionnaire in Children and Adolescent Students fr

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Libardo Huertas-Zamora ◽  
Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista ◽  
Edgar Giovanni Cárdenas-Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Students

El sueño juega un papel fundamental en muchas esferas del desarrollo de los infantes en etapa escolar. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la confiabilidad y validez de contenido del cuestionario BEARS en niños y adolescentes de 9 a 17 años. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 8.862 niños y adolescentes pertenecientes a 24 instituciones educativas oficiales de Bogotá, Colombia. Se aplicó el cuestionario BEARS, de manera auto-diligenciada por formulario estructurado. Una sub-muestra de 246 participantes se utilizó para los análisis de fiabilidad. La consistencia del instrumento se analizó mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, la validez de constructo a través del análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), y la fiabilidad mediante el coeficiente Kappa ponderado. Los resultados mostraron adecuada consistencia (Cronbach global de 0,732; rango 0,706 a 0,769) y moderada fiabilidad (kappa de 0,665; rango 0,378 a 0,629). El AFE determinó un solo factor (ítem 1: problemas a la hora de dormir), explicaba el 61,4% de la varianza, agrupando dos interacciones χ2/gl=2690,817; p=0,001. El cuestionario BEARS mostró una adecuada consistencia interna, fiabilidad y validez. A partir de estos resultados, se recomienda este instrumento principalmente en el contexto de atención primaria, para el estudio y cribado de las alteraciones del sueño en población escolarizada de Bogotá, Colombia.Abstract. Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being in school-age children. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and content validity of the BEARS questionnaire in children and adolescents from 9 to 17 years of age. The sample comprised 8,862 children and adolescents belonging to 24 official education institutions from Bogotá, Colombia. The BEARS questionnaire was applied through self-completion manner, with a structured form. A sub-sample of 246 participants was used for reliability analyses. Consistency of the instrument was analyzed through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, construct validity through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and reliability through the weighted Kappa coefficient. Results showed adequate consistency (global Cronbach of 0.732; range 0.706 to 0.769) and moderate reliability (Kappa of 0.665; range 0.706 to 0.769). The EFA determined a single factor (item 1: problems when going to sleep), which explained 61.4% of the variance, grouping two interactions χ2/gl = 2690.817; p = 0.001. The BEARS questionnaire showed adequate internal consistency, reliability, and validity. From these results, this instrument is recommended principally within the context of primary care for the study and screening of sleep alterations in school-aged populations from Bogotá, Colombia.

scholarly journals Biomedical Waste Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2875-2888
Author(s):  
Gaurav Khandelwal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Infectious Waste ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Care Waste

Bio medical waste (BMW) disposal is a very important yet a challenging task. Health care waste contains potentially harmful microorganisms, which can infect hospital patients, health workers, and the general public. Exposure to hazardous health care waste can result in disease or injury. The Government of India has been laying down rules, namely, Bio Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, in 1998, COVID-19 pandemic and its consequent biomedical waste is an unprecedented challenge worldwide. Biomedical waste generated during COVID-19 patient isolation, testing and care needs special consideration as it challenges the previous notion that only 15–20% of waste can be considered infectious. With establishment of new home quarantine facility, isolation/quarantine centers the chances of general waste getting contaminated with biomedical waste has increased exponentially. The key step in COVID19 waste management is segregation of biomedical waste from solid waste. Waste generated from COVID19 patients is like any other infectious waste, therefore creating public awareness about the COVID19 waste hazards and segregation at source is highlighted in all guidelines as a recommendation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Waste Generation Rate in Teaching Hospitals of Metropolitan City of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1809-1821
Author(s):  
Samita Arub ◽  
Sajid Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Sana Ashraf ◽  
Zahra Majid ◽  
Sadia Rahat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
Infectious Waste ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
Collection Practices

Hospital waste management is of vital significance owing to its contagious and hazardous nature as it can produce detrimental effects for both humans and the environment. This work aimed to examine types of waste with respect to waste generation rate in multiple teaching hospitals of metropolitan Lahore. A structured questionnaire survey, site visits, interviews and meetings were conducted in seventeen teaching hospitals. The results have shown that total hospitals average waste, infectious, non-infectious and waste generation rate in Lahore teaching hospitals were 38978 kg/day, 10789 kg/day, 28189 kg/day and 3.7 kg/bed/day, respectively. It is concluded that maximum waste generated in Mayo hospital, Jinnah hospital, Services hospital and Lahore general hospital was 16%, 12%, 12% and 10%, respectively, as per maximum patient’s visits. Positive liner correlation was between number of beds (P=0.917), number of accidents and emergency patients (P=0.75), infectious waste (P=0.998) and (P=1) with total waste. A straight line of linear regression was between (0.9966) infectious waste and (0.9995) general waste with average waste. Although, waste collection practices in these teaching hospitals were observed satisfactory but required training of doctors, nurses and hospital paramedical staff regarding infectious and general waste segregation. It is suggested that hospital staff, waste management and waste collection workers and respective waste management companies should be well trained and aware regarding infectious and non-infectious waste segregation, handling and disposing off procedures.

scholarly journals Review: Medical Waste Management for Covid19

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1si) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Hendri Sutrisno ◽  
Fitriana Meilasari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Chemical Waste ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Medical Waste Management ◽  
Infectious Waste

Introduction: Medical waste generation during the Covid19 pandemic increased by around 30%. Sources of medical waste generation are health care activities. If medical waste is not appropriately managed, it can pollute the environment and disturb health. The purpose of the review is to identify the potential of medical waste in health-care facilities in Indonesia when the Covid19 pandemic and to review medical waste management in Indonesia. The analysis uses a systematic literature review. Discussion: The potential of medical waste during the Covid19 epidemic is infectious waste (PPE wastes), sharps waste (syringes), chemical waste (expired medicines), and pharmaceutical waste (the used alcohol bottles when rapid tests). The hazardous waste management system refers to Government Regulation No. 101 year 2014 about Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste and and Regulation of Minister of Environment and Forestry of Republic Indonesia No. P.56/MenlhkSetjen/2015 about Procedures and Technical Requirements for Waste Management Hazardous and Toxic From the Health Service Facilities. Infectious waste, sharps waste, chemical waste, and pharmaceutical waste are destroyed with incinerators. Syringe residues were damaged with a needle shredder. Residue and incineration ashes are processed using solidification. If the heavy metal content under the quality standards, then the waste can be landfill. Conclusion: The potential of medical waste during the Covid19 pandemic is infectious waste, sharps waste, chemical waste, and pharmaceutical waste. Medical waste generated must be appropriately managed. Proper medical waste management can prevent environmental pollution and the spread of disease. One of the processing of potential medical waste is incineration. The incineration system produces residue and ash waste that must further be handled so that it does not pollute the environment and disturb health.

scholarly journals Kajian Timbulan Limbah Infeksius Rumah Sakit Kota Bandung dan Cimahi

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Venny Ulya Bunga ◽  
Enri Damanhuri
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Infectious Waste

ABSTRACT The increased activities in hospitals will increase the infectious waste generation. The infectious waste contains pathogenic organisms that can spread disease to humans and the environment. The harmful impact of infectious waste can be minimized through proper waste management, starting from waste generation. This study aims to examine the problem of infectious waste generation: the overall percentage of infectious waste generation in hospitals, the amount of infectious waste generation from each source (processing unit), and analyze factors that significantly affected its generation. This study is expected to be the basis of recommendations for hospitals in handling infectious waste. The study was conducted in four public hospitals in Bandung and Cimahi City. The data consists of infectious waste generation, non-infectious waste (general waste) generation, and hospital data as data factors analyzed for its influence on waste generation. The stepwise regression method was used for factor analysis with 95% CI. The result showed that infectious waste generation had a lower percentage than non-infectious waste, ranging from 38–47%. The treatment rooms that produce the most considerable infectious waste are haemodialysis, operating rooms and inpatients with an average infectious waste generation of 0,08–2,18 kg/patient/day. Thus, the three rooms can become a priority for infectious waste management. Factors that significantly affect the generation of infectious waste are dominated by patients and medical personnel. The importance of this factor is related to waste sorting activities. Therefore, special control by hospital management is needed for these two factors. Keywords: hospital, generation, infectious waste, treatment room, factors   ABSTRAK Peningkatan aktivitas rumah sakit akan diikuti dengan peningkatan timbulan limbah infeksius. Limbah infeksius mengandung organisme patogen yang dapat menyebarkan penyakit bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Dampak limbah infeksius dapat diminimalisir melalui kegiatan pengelolaan limbah yang tepat, dimulai dari timbulan limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara mendalam hal seputar timbulan limbah infeksius, dimulai dari persentase timbulan limbah infeksius rumah sakit secara keseluruhan, besaran timbulan limbah infeksius dari setiap sumber (unit perawatan) serta analisa terhadap faktor yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap timbulan limbah. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar rekomendasi untuk pengelolaan limbah infeksius rumah sakit. Penelitian dilakukan di empat rumah sakit umum area Kota Bandung dan Cimahi. Data penelitian terdiri atas timbulan limbah infeksius dan non-infeksius (limbah umum) serta data atribut rumah sakit sebagai data faktor yang dianalisis pengaruhnya terhadap timbulan limbah. Analisis faktor menggunakan metode stepwise regression dengan signifikansi 0,05 (95% CI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan limbah infeksius memiliki persentase timbulan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan limbah non-infeksius (limbah umum) yaitu kisaran 38–47%. Unit perawatan yang menjadi penghasil limbah infeksius terbesar berasal dari unit haemodialisa, kamar operasi serta rawat inap dengan kisaran rata-rata besaran timbulan limbah infeksius sebesar 0,08–2,18 kg/pasien/hari. Dengan demikian, ketiga unit perawatan tersebut dapat menjadi prioritas pengelolaan limbah infeksius. Adapun faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap timbulan limbah infeksius didominasi oleh faktor jumlah pasien dan jumlah staf medis. Signifikan faktor ini berkaitan dengan kegiatan pemilahan limbah sehingga perlu pengendalian khusus poleh pihak rumah sakit terhadap kedua faktor tersebut. Kata kunci: rumah sakit, timbulan, limbah infeksius, unit perawatan, faktor

scholarly journals ENSURING THE AVAILABILITY OF MEDICAL CARE AS A BASIC BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Inna Irtyshcheva ◽  
Dmytro Ryabets
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Introduction. The main priorities for the development and reform of the health care system are to create conditions for improving the quality, life expectancy and efficiency of citizens by increasing the availability of medical services and medical care, improving the quality of medical services, early prevention and prevention of timely medical care. The aim of the article is to develop recommendations for ensuring the availability of medical care as a basic basis for the formation of good health and well-being of the population on the way to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Methods (methodology). The general scientific methods, in particular theoretical generalization - for research of theoretical bases of maintenance of availability of medical care are applied in research; system economic analysis - for correlation-regression analysis of the relationship between morbidity, mortality and economic affordability of medical services in Ukraine. Results. The impact of public and private sector expenditures on the level of morbidity was analyzed and compared, which showed that both factors have a positive impact on reducing the incidence rate. At the same time, there is a tendency to increase household spending on health care and the purchase of medicines much faster than at the state level, which confirms the targeted trends in health care reform to significantly reduce the number of free medical services. To a certain extent, these trends are positive, but in the event of a significant deterioration in the situation with the level of morbidity, this financial policy should be revised.

scholarly journals Global Biomedical Waste Management Issues and Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S) ◽  
pp. 1053-1059
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Hospital Waste ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Management Issues

Biomedicalwaste is a special type of waste which carries high potential of infectionand injury. Hospital waste management means the management of waste produced by hospitals using techniques that will check the spread of diseases through hospital waste. This study was conducted to examine healthcarewaste management practices in different hospitals. The related data has been collected from various international journals, books and websites. The data is analyzed by finding biomedical waste management issues and challenges around the world by gap analysis. Hospital waste generation, segregation, collection, transportation anddisposal practices were not in accordance with standard guidelines. The average waste generation in most of the hospitals was almost equivalent to other under developed countries but less than that of developed countries. Conclusions: The hospital waste in the majority of hospitals was mismanaged. No properhospital waste management plan existed has been done except at few hospitals.In this research the analysis of current biomedical wastes management, and some steps for management of healthcare is proposed

scholarly journals Scenario of Biomedical Waste Management during COVID-19 Pandemic in Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 271-293
Author(s):  
Divyanshu Aneja ◽  
◽  
Anshul Rana ◽  
Anjali Kumari ◽  
Anunay A. Gour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Healthcare Waste ◽  
Healthcare Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Technologies

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant rise in the production of biomedical waste in India’s healthcare waste management system. Authorities in Delhi are finding it increasingly difficult to maintain and treat large volumes of biomedical waste as the volume of biomedical waste continues to rise. In addition to the COVID- 19-related biomedical waste to segregate and dispose of, a huge strain has been imposed on the healthcare management system. This research examines the current state of biomedical waste management in Delhi, India as well as the past and present state of biomedical waste generation in various hospitals of Delhi. In this study, the five private hospitals of Delhi have been taken and the data is taken from their websites respectively. The duration of Waste generation has been taken from the year 2016-2020 for each hospital which has been represented graphically. This paper also covers the quantification of biomedical waste of Delhi and India from June 2020 to December 2020, highlighting the comparative analysis of the top 5 States of India producing the largest amount of biomedical waste presented graphically. Apart from that, the study covers the current legal status of biomedical waste management in India (Latest Guidelines and Amendments in BMW Rules, 2016 by Central Pollution Control Board for managing COVID-19 based medical wastes) as well as various advances in treatment technologies for handling large amounts of COVID-19 BMW. The consequences of biomedical waste, which can pose a significant threat to both humans and the environment, have also been addressed. Similarly, various effective measures and the latest treatment technologies have been listed in the sense of proper waste management in a holistic manner toward a sustainable future. This research will help officials and other organizations ensure that there is no inefficiency in the system and that all activities are carried out efficiently.

Role of Pyridoxine in Alleviating Cardiovascular Diseases: A Brief Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Jayachandran Halka ◽  
Nandakumar Vidya ◽  
Krishnagowdu Saravanan ◽  
Muthukrishnan Arun
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Impairment

Micronutrients are class of dietary components which are highly essential for the optimal health, growth, and development. These nutrients can overcome birth defects, maternal impairment, and increased risk of death. According to 2017 statistics, around 2 billion people in the developing countries are affected by micronutrient deficiency. There are around 13 essential vitamins which are found in nature. Vitamin B is more important as it plays a vital role in maintaining good health and well-being. Among several existing forms, the native and active form of vitamin B6 is PLP (pyridoxal 5- phosphate). PLP is a co-factor for several biochemical reactions and plays an imperative role in synthesis of amino acids, carbohydrates and fatty acids. Vitamin B6 supplementation in RDA showed to be highly health promising in controlling several clinical alignments such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological disease, premenstrual syndrome, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, pellagra skin disease, ataxia, hyperacuosis, suppression of colon tumor genesis and hyper irritability. Recently, it has been reported that 43.8% people are suffering from cardiovascular disease followed by stroke (16.8%) and is also expected to reach up to1.1 trillion by the end of 2035. It has been found that vitamin B6 lowers Homocystein in blood, which damages the inner linings of arteries causing blood clots and thereby reducing the symptoms of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to it humans have to depend on dietary sources of vitamin B6 which are produced by plants, fungi and bacteria. The present review currently focuses on the action of Vitamin B6 in the management of cardiovascular diseases.

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