scholarly journals Seasonal status of density of phytoplanktons and zooplanktons in Gomti river of Lucknow (U.P.), India

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Preety Singh
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Gomti River ◽  
Aquatic Food Chain ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Aquatic Food

Biodiversity of river Gomti is heavily affected by pollution. Planktons are important biological parameters to access the pollution level. Zooplanktons are the source of food for higher organism and phytoplankton play important role in biosynthesis of organic material and influence the river ecosystem, aquatic food chain and water characteristic. The biological productivity as ecological indicator to identify the ecological quality of river Gomti. The phytoplankton density fluctuated maximum in between the range of (140-900 In/l) during monsoon season and minimum (40-140 In/l) during winter season. Zooplanktons were reported to be highest (168-220 In/l) during winter and lowest (114-155 In/l) during summer season. During study period the total of phytoplanktons (17 sp.) and zooplanktons (10 sp.) were noticed during different seasons. Present study concluded that seasonal differences of planktons density will help in further planning of water management and their use for beneficial purpose like agricultural, drinking for mankind.

scholarly journals Quinoa for the Brazilian Cerrado: Agronomic Characteristics of Elite Genotypes under Different Water Regimes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Walter Quadros Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos ◽  
Sonia Maria Costa Celestino ◽  
Alberto do Nascimento Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Relationship

Quinoa stands out as an excellent crop in the Cerrado region for cultivation in the off-season or irrigated winter season. Here, we tested the effects of different water regimes on the agronomic characteristics, physiology, and grain quality of different elite quinoa genotypes under field conditions. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at Embrapa Cerrados (Planaltina, DF, Brazil). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The plots were composed of 18 quinoa genotypes and modified BRS Piabiru (the currently used genotype), and the split-plots were divided into 4 different water regimes. The following variables were evaluated: productivity and productivity per unit of applied water (PUAA), plant height, flavonoids, anthocyanins, gas exchange, chlorophyll, leaf proline, and relative water content. Our results showed that water regimes between 309 and 389 mm can be recommended for quinoa in the Cerrado region. CPAC6 and CPAC13 presented the highest yield and PUAA under high and intermediate WRs, and hence were the most suitable for winter growth under irrigation. CPAC17 is most suitable for off-season growth under rainfed conditions, as it presented the highest PUAA under the low WRs (247 and 150). CPAC9 stood out in terms of accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins in all WRs. Physiological analyses revealed different responses of the genotypes to water restriction, together with symptoms of stress under lower water regimes. Our study reinforces the importance of detailed analyses of the relationship between productivity, physiology, and water use when choosing genotypes for planting and harvest in different seasons.

Microbiological and physico- chemical assessment of the sacred river Alaknanda, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Nidhi Sharma ◽  
R. C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Habitat Environment

The Alaknanda River is one of the main rivers of Alaknanda sub- system which bubbles out from Alkapuri Glacier. Water quality of the sacred river Alaknanda was evaluated by microbiological and physico- chemical methods. The sampling was undertaken from various sites of lower stretches, including Rudraprayag (530 m a.s.l.), Srinagar (560 m a.s.l.) and Deoprayag upstream (457 m a.s.l.) on the river Alaknanda. A perusal of the data revealed that total viable count (CFU.ml-1) was recorded minimum (25,850 CFU.ml-1) in winter season and then it increased during summer (45,730 CFU.ml-1) and attained peak (56,110 CFU.ml-1) during monsoon season, when the maximum degradation in the water quality was observed. Due to the onset of autumn and winter seasons, the quality of water improved substantially and the density of the bacteria decreased (32,120 CFU.ml-1) significantly during autumn from the monsoon season. It is revealed that the myriad of physico- chemical environmental variables and nutrient load from various sources in the habitat environment are responsible for density and diversity in the sacred river Alakanda.

scholarly journals Observations on the distribution of fat-soluble vitamines in marine animals and plants

1922 ◽  
Vol 93 (654) ◽  
pp. 440-449 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Individual Fish ◽  
Different Seasons

The Norwegian fishery investigators have for many years been engaged in the study of the growth of fish, mainly the herring and the cod. By means of microscopical study of the scales of the fish it has been possible to determine the age of each individual fish, and by means of the assumption, which has been verified within certain limits, that there is a proportion between the length of the scale ( l s ) and the length of the fish ( l f ) ( i. e ., l s / l f = constant), it has been possible to calculate the “growth curve” of the fish in different years of its life, and in different seasons of the year. The results of this work, which have been summarised up to the year 1914, proved that the growth of the said fish in the Norwegian waters was confined to a few spring-and summer-months only, and that the growth of the fish entirely ceases during the winter season. Corresponding to the summer and winter zones, which are to be seen on the scales of the fish, we find a periodicity in the increase of length and weight of the fish, and a change in the quality of the fish at the different seasons of the year. The changes in the “quality” of the fish were very early observed to be associated with the changes occurring in the content of fat. Chemical analyses were made by Mr. H. Bull of the fat contents of herrings and sprats at different months of the year, and from these observations the conclusion was drawn that “the supply of fat increases during the summer and assimilated in winter. During the winter, part of the dry matter in the system is consumed and replaced by water, so that no great loss in weight is apparent. The quality of the fish, however, is considerably affected.”

scholarly journals Seasonal Assessment of Quality of Groundwater from Private Owned Wells in Unguja Island Zanzibar

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Haji Mwevura ◽  
Moh’d R. Haji ◽  
Wahira J. Othman ◽  
Chukwuma J. Okafor
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Contamination Levels

The Assessment of seasonal changes in groundwater quality is an essential aspect for evaluating pollution level which can be a reflection of the source environment and the activities of man, including the use and management measures. This study examined the effect of seasonal variation on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of groundwater in the Bububu constituency which is located in the West district within the Urban –West region of Unguja Island. The study was conducted using cluster sampling.  Four clusters with a large number of wells were selected for further analysis. The number of wells from each cluster was sampled for physicochemical and bacteriological contamination levels. Samples were collected in two different seasons (Wet and Dry) to allow comparison between the two seasons. Analysis of water samples (N= 52) indicated that the sources are very vulnerable to microbial contamination particularly during the wet season at which 78.85% of the analyzed samples were contaminated with fecal coliform and unfit for human consumption. However, all measured physicochemical parameters were within the acceptable range except the levels of nitrate during the wet season in some samples taken at Kibweni and Sharifumsa which exceeded the recommended level by WHO. There is a need for adequate treatment of water particularly during the wet season as well as serious monitoring and proper regulation by the appropriate authorities to curb the menace and safe guard the lives of people to prevent a possible epidemic.

scholarly journals Comparative seasonal assessment on the quality of Black Bengal goat oocytes in view of in vitro embryo production

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Shikha Sarkar ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Enayet Kabir ◽  
Falguni Dadok ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Zaber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Excellent Opportunity ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
In Vitro Embryo Production ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes provide an excellent opportunity for cheap and abundant embryos for carrying out animal improvement. With the aim for studying the quality of oocyte in different seasons of Black Bengal goat, both right and left ovaries were collected from the slaughter houses. For each of the specimens, gross parameters such as right, left, corpus luteum (CL)-present and corpus luteum (CL)-absent group were evaluated on the basis of weight (g), length (cm), width (cm), follicles aspirated and number and state of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs), normal COCs and abnormal COCs, the effect of season on cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) of goat oocytes. Our study revealed that the average number of follicles and oocytes recovery rate were higher in summer than in winter season and recovery rate of grade A and B oocytes were higher in summer than that of in winter and recovery rate of grade C and D were higher in winter than that of in summer. In the present study a significantly greater number of oocytes per ovary were recovered from ovaries without a corpus luteum than from ovaries with a corpus luteum. So the summer was the best season for recovery of COCs which have a worthy competence to be matured in vitro. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (3), 78-87

scholarly journals Microbiological water quality of the sacred River Bhagirathi, Garhwal Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Sharma ◽  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Ramesh C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Microbial Density

AbstractWater quality of the sacred River Bhagirathi was evaluated by microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics of water. Monthly water samples were collected from the upper zone (1,158–4,100 m a.s.l.) to lower zone (457–1,158 m a.s.l.) of the river for a period of two years during October, 2013 to September, 2015. The data on microbial density revealed that CFU count was minimum (13,185 CFU. ml−1) in the winter season and maximum (36,410 CFU.ml−1) in the monsoon season, when the degradation of water quality was maximum due to mixing of a large amount of allochthonous materials from the catchment area. No total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) was found in the water samples from Gaumukh (4,100 m) to Gangotri (3,140 m) during the two-year sampling period due to minimum anthropogenic pressure. However, total coliform and fecal coliform were recorded downstream of Gangotri (TC: 980 and FC: 120) and Harshil (TC: 1,100 and FC: 200). Microbial density was recorded to be high in the lower stretch: Uttarkashi (TC: 2,850 and FC: 860) Tehri (TC: 5,000 and FC: 4,200), and Deoprayag (TC: 3,800 and FC: 2,700). A total of 14 bacterial, four actinomycetes, and 11 fungal species were found in the Bhagirathi River.

scholarly journals Impact of Seasons and Dioecy on Therapeutic Phytoconstituents ofTinospora cordifolia, a Rasayana Drug

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrta Choudhry ◽  
Shweta Singh ◽  
Mohammad Badruzzaman Siddiqui ◽  
Sayyada Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration

Tinospora cordifolia(Thunb.) Miers, Menispermaceae, is a dioecious creeper, commonly known as “Giloe” or “Guduchi” with significant medicinal importance in the traditional systems of medicine. It is designated as Rasayana drug in Ayurveda and recommended for a number of diseases and also as adaptogen and immunomodulator. The safety and efficacy of herbal medicines are closely correlated with the quality of the source materials. The aim of this study is to see the effect of seasons on phytoconstituents and how these vary in male and female stem samples ofT. cordifolia. The study revealed that total phenolics and total sugar concentration obtained highest values in summer season while starch and tannin content were found maximum in winter season in both the genders. However, biomarkers, tinosporaside and berberine, reached to their highest concentration in monsoon season. Further, antioxidant potential revealed the highest inhibition percentage in winter season as well as in late summer season. The results of this study suggest that the female plant is best for its therapeutic phytoconstituents and the best harvesting seasons may be either winter or late summer for antioxidant potential and immunomodulator activities and monsoon for antidiabetic activity ofT. cordifolia.

Seasonal Variations of Small Wading Birds in the Pichavaram Mangrove Forest, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-407
Author(s):  
Rajendran Jagadheesan ◽  
Jeganathan Pandiyan
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Wading Birds ◽  
Direct Count ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Post Monsoon Season ◽  
Different Seasons

The Pichavaram Mangrove Forest (PMF) is one of the important wetlands in southern India. The PMF is harboring numerous species of shorebirds seasonally. The current study assessed the population characteristics of small wading birds by using direct count method from 2015 to 2016. In total, 27 species of small wading birds were recorded, in which the Little stint showed highest density 177.24±20.515 (No./ha.) and the Bar-tailed godwit showed lowest density 0.13±0.099 (No./ha.). Indeed the Little stint was only species turned highest density across the three different seasons studied. However, the bar-tailed godwit not recorded during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, the Dunlin, Grey plover and Great sand plover not sighted during the post-monsoon season. The density, diversity and species richness of small wading birds showed significant differences among the seasons (P<0.001). The study inferred that the population characteristics of small wading birds are declining when compared to the previous studies. However exhaustive studies are essential to explore the quality of the PMF which is need of the hour since it is supporting various species of shorebirds seasonally.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in proximate composition and metallic elements of three cyprinids from a Central Himalayan river Alaknanda in Garhwal Himalaya, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-669
Author(s):  
Sharali Sharma ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Deepak Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Garhwal Himalaya ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
Himalayan River

Fish is an irreplaceable, highly nutritious aquatic food in a balanced diet. On the contrary, fish can also be a source of metal contamination when ingested in excess through food and water. The aim of the present study was to determine the seasonal variations in the proximate body composition and levels of Na, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Pb in the muscle tissue of three fish species namely, Schizothorax plagiostomus, Schizothorax progastus and Barilius bendelisis dwelling in Central Himalayan river Alaknanda at Srinagar (Garhwal)  in Garhwal Himalaya. The protein (21.01-21.74%) and carbohydrates (2.31-2.69%) were found maximum in summer season in all the studied fishes while lipid was found to be highest during monsoon season in S. plagiostomus (2.73%) and S. progastus (2.70%) and lowest (1.62-1.68%) in the winter season. B. bendelisis showed a different pattern of variation in lipid content being highest (6.32%) during summer and lowest (3.34%) in monsoon season. Significantly (F=5.69, p<0.04) high content of lipid was found in B. bendelisis as compared to S. plagiostomus and S. progastus during the three seasons. Na, Ca, K, and Fe were detected highest during monsoon, Pb, and Cu during summer and Zn during the winter season. However, Pb was not detected in all the fish samples during monsoon season. B. bendelisis was significantly (p<0.001)rich in Na and Ca, S. plagiostomus in K (p<0.01), and S. progastus in Fe (p<0.001) content during all three seasons. Ca was rich among macroelements while Fe among microelements in all the studied fishes. The amount of Zn (1.48-4.55 mg/100g), Cu (0.429-0.869 mg/100g), and Pb (0.117-0.447 mg/100g) were within the permissible limits of International food safety guidelines. The seasonal variations in the parameters are attributed to food availability, temperature changes, fish metabolism, and prevailing environmental conditions. Thus, these cyprinid species were regarded as safe and useful for human consumption.

PREVALENCE OF PSEUDOINVERTA ORAIENSIS IN FRESH WATER FISH, CLARIAS BATRACHUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADITYA NARAYAN
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Water Fish

The present investigation deals with the prevalence of infection of cestode, Pseudoinverta oraiensis19 parasitizing Clarias batrachus from Bundelkhand Region (U.P.) India. The studies were recorded from different sampling stations of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. For this study 360 fresh water fish, Clarias batrachus were examined. The incidence of infection, monsoon season (17.50%) followed by winter season (20.00%) whereas high in summer season (30.00%).

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