scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MANDIBULAR FORAMEN AND INCIDENCE OF ACCESSORY MANDIBULAR FORAMINA IN ADULT HUMAN MANDIBLES OF AN INDIAN POPULATION. Análisis morfométrico del foramen mandibular e incidencia de la foramina mandibular accesoria en mandíbulas adult

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajna Paramita Samanta ◽  
Poonam Kharb
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Oral Surgical Procedures ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Mandibular Notch

El foramen mandibular es un importante hito anatómico. Para procedimientos como el bloqueo alveolar inferior del nervio, el tratamiento con implantes y osteotomías mandibulares, un profundo conocimiento de la ubicación del foramen mandibular (MF) y el foramen mandibular accesorio (AMF) es un requisito previo. Hay pocas referencias en la literatura con respecto a la localización anatómica exacta del foramen mandibular. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la ubicación exacta de la MF y la incidencia de la AMF alrededor MF en una población india. Sesenta (60) mandíbulas humanas adultas fueron estudiadas para determinar la distancia del LV de la los anteriores, bordes posteriores de la rama mandibular, maxilar inferior categoría y el ángulo de la mandíbula. AMF todo el MF también fueron estudiados por su presencia y números. La distancia media de MF del borde anterior de rama mandibular fue 15,72 ±2,92 mm(lado derecho), 16,23 ±2,88 mm(lado izquierdo), de borde posterior fue 13,29 ±1,74 mm(lado derecho) y 12,73 ±2,04 mm(a la izquierda lado). La MF se encuentra 22,70 ±3 mm(lado derecho) y 22, 27 ± 2,62 mm(lado izquierdo) de la muesca mandibular. La distancia de MF de ángulo de la mandíbula fue 21,54 ±2,92 mm(lado derecho) y 21,13 ±3.43 mm(lado izquierdo). AMF estuvieron presentes en el 16, 66% de las mandíbulas. En 10% de las mandíbulas una sola AMF estaba presente y en el 6,66% hubo dos agujeros presentes. La ubicación del MF y AMF es importante para evitar compli-caciones como hemorragia y parestesia durante los procedimientos quirúrgicos orales y también para los radioterapeutas en la planificación de la radioterapia.  The mandibular foramen is an important anatomical land mark. For procedures like inferior alveolar nerve block, implant treatment and mandibular osteotomies, a thorough knowledge of the location of the mandibular foramen (MF) and accessory mandibular foramina (AMFs) is a prerequisite. There are few references in the literature regarding the exact anatomical location of the mandibular foramen. Therefore, the present study was aimed to identify the precise location of the MF and the incidence of AMFs around MF in an Indian population. Sixty (60) adult human mandibles were studied to determine the distance of the MF from the anterior, posterior borders of the mandibular ramus, mandibular notch and angle of the mandible. AMFs around the MF were also studied for their presence and numbers. The average distance of MF from the anterior border of mandibular ramus was 15.72 ±2.92 mm(right side), 16.23 ±2.88 mm(left side), from posterior border was 13.29  ±1.74 mm(right side) and 12.73 ±2.04 mm(left side).The MF was located 22.70 ±3 mm(right side) and  22.27 ±2.62 mm(left side) from mandibular notch. The distance of MF from angle of mandible was 21.54 ±2.92 mm(right side) and 21.13 ±3.43 mm(left side). AMFs were present in 16.66% of mandibles. In 10% mandibles a single AMF was present and in 6.66 % double foramina were present. Location of MF and AMF is important to avoid complications like hemorrhage and paresthesia during oral surgical procedures and also for radiotherapists in planning radiation therapy. 

scholarly journals Study of Mandibular Foramen in Adult Human Mandible Bones: An Osteological Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Gupta ◽  
Gaurav Jung Shah ◽  
Ram Jiban Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Average Distance ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Posterior Border ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Accurate Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Notch

Introduction: The mandibular foramen is located on the medial surface of the ramus of mandible through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels pass and supply the lower jaw. For dentists inferior alveolar nerve block is important to anesthetize the lower jaw for conducting various surgical procedures. Aims: To determine the accurate position of mandibular foramen through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels were passing and supply the lower jaw and its clinical importance. Methods: This study was conducted on 35 dry mandible bones consisting of 70 mandibular foramens of unknown sex. All the important parameters were studied using vernier caliper. Results: The mean distance of mandibular foramen from mandibular notch was 21.00 mm on right side and 20.29 mm on left side, from posterior border was 12.63 mm on right side and 12.37 mm on left side, from angle of mandible was 20.60 mm on right side and 20.46 mm on left side, from base of the mandible was 23.57 mm on right side and 23.6 mm on left side, from anterior border was 16.74 mm on right side and 16.89 mm on left side. Conclusion: The accurate position of mandibular foramen varies. The knowledge of the average distance of mandibular foramen from various landmarks is useful for dental anesthesia and also helps to avoid complications.

scholarly journals Mandibular foramen location

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Cristina Sales Salineiro ◽  
Solange Kobayashi-Velasco ◽  
Isabel Peixoto Tortamano ◽  
Rodney Garcia Rocha ◽  
Marcelo Gusmão Paraiso Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Success ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Mandibular Notch

Objective: This study proposed to locate the mandibular foramen position by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging, based on landmarks used at inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) technique in order to increase the success rate of this procedure. Materials and methods: 58 mandibular foramina of 29 adult patients were evaluated. Linear and angular CBCT measurements were defined for the mandibular foramen based on the IANB technique. The measurements were performed by two radiologists. Data analyses consisted of verifying the normality, obtaining the mean value of all patients and comparing the data obtained between male and female patients. Results: Student’s t and Mann-Whitney’s U tests were used to calculate the mean mandibular foramen position. The three mean position measurements of the mandibular foramen were 13.5 mm above the occlusal plan (15.5 mm for male and 11.7 mm for female patients), 14.6 mm below the mandibular notch (14.9 mm for male and 13.7 mm for female patients) and 14.2 mm from the anterior border of mandibular ramus (14.6 mm for male and 13.8 mm for female patients). The angle formed by the molar lines and contralateral premolar lines was 25.8° and the angle formed by the molar lines and contralateral second premolar/molar lines was 31.5°. Conclusion: CBCT images were a useful method to provide the measurements of the mandibular foramen position based on landmarks used by the IANB technique. We encourage the use of these measurements as reference to increase the clinical success when performing the IANB technique.

scholarly journals Topographical Landmarks for Identification of Inferior Alveolar Nerve and its Surgical Implications - a Cadaveric Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariyanachi K ◽  
Sushma P
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Block ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Posterior Division ◽  
Mandibular Notch ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Abstract Background: Inferior alveolar nerve, which arises from the posterior division of the mandibular nerve, contains both sensory and motor fibres. The intraosseous course of the nerve is variable. Mandibular foramen is situated on the medial surface of the mandibular ramus. It is an important anatomical landmark for procedures like sagittal split osteotomies and inferior alveolar nerve block.Methods: The precise location of mandibular foramen was studied by the dissection of formalin fixed cadavers available for undergraduate dissection for a period of two years fron 2014-2016. Results: The mandibular foramen was 21±3.33 mm superior to the gonion at an angle of 980±50 with the base of the mandible. The mandibular foramen was 20.13±3.1 mm inferior to the lowest point of the mandibular notch. Accessory mandibular foramen was observed in 9.37% of the samples dissected.Conclusion: The present study explains the position of mandibular foramen in relation to prominent bony landmarks and the knowledge about the mandibular foramen, helps dental surgeons during inferior alveolar nerve blocks and split osteotomies.Practical implications: Failure rate of the inferior alveolar nerve block has been reported to be approximately 20-25%. A thorough anatomical knowledge of the mandibular ramus is essential for inferior alveolar nerve blocks and sagittal split osteotomies, since they are technically difficult procedures and as they are also associated with a higher incidence of complications.

ANATOMICAL STUDY OF MANDIBULAR FORAMEN IN DRY ADULT HUMAN MANDIBLES IN BIHAR STATE REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar Singh ◽  
Md. Zahid Hussain ◽  
Subodh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
P Value ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
The Mean

Background: The morphological knowledge of the mandibular foramen is very important during dental procedures involving lower jaw, as structures that pass through this foramen are at risk. Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block is the most frequently used nerve block technique in dental practice. Location of mandibular foramen is clinically important in Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block, dentoalveolar surgery planning, and various endodontic treatments. Present study aimed to locate the precise location of mandibular foramen in relation to the borders of the mandibular ramus, its distances from different bone landmarks on internal surface of ramus of dry mandible and incidence of occurrence of accessory mandibular foramen in local population. Material And Methods: Present study was a cross-sectional study of 50 (fty) dry adult human mandibles, obtained from the dissection room of the department of Anatomy, NMCH, Patna, Bihar. Location of MF(Mandibular foramen) from various parameters was determined with digital Vernier calipers. The presence of accessory mandibular foramen in and around mandibular foramen on the medial surface of mandibular ramus was by simple visual observation with the help of a magnifying lens and their prevalence rate was noted. All the above parameters were carefully documented and statistically analysed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Student's t test was used as test of signicance to compare the mean values of right and left sides and a P-value less than 0.05 was taken to be statistically signicant. Results: Total 50 dry adult human mandibles were studied. The mean distance of mandibular foramina to anterior border of ramus was 16.97 ± 2.13 (R) mm and 17.04 ± 2.72mm(L), to posterior border was (R): 13.73 ± 2.28 mm and (L): 14.16 ± 2. 05 mm, to mandibular notch was (R): 20.50 ± 2.11 mm and (L): 20.10 ± 2.82 mm and to inferior border was (R): 26.93 ± 3.09 mm and (L): 26.37 ± 4.25 mm. We noted that there was no signicant difference in the values on the right and left sides (p>0.05). All mandibles (100%) have bilateral mandibular foramen. Unilaterally Single Accessory mandibular foramen was present in 11 (22%) mandibles. Unilaterally double accessory mandibular foramen was present in 06 (12%). Bilateral double accessory mandibular foramen was noted in 02(04%) mandibles only. Bilateral single accessory mandibular foramen was noted in 04(08%) mandibles. Conclusion: Present study provides valuable information regarding distances between mandibular foramen and surgically encountered anatomical landmarks, which is very useful to dental surgeons.

scholarly journals Position of the Mandibular Foramen in Different Facial Shapes Assessed by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 544-550
Author(s):  
Silvan Correa ◽  
Rogério H. Lopes Motta ◽  
Milena B. Fellipe Silva ◽  
Sidney R. Figueroba ◽  
Francisco C. Groppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Foramen

Purpose: The mandibular foramen, located on the internal surface of the mandibular ramus, is an important anatomical landmark for the success during the inferior alveolar nerve block. This cross-sectional retrospective study aimed to evaluate the location of the mandibular foramen through Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in different facial shapes. Materials and Methods: The determination of the location of the mandibular foramen was performed using CBCT of mesocephalic, dolichocephalic and brachycephalic patients (n=40 each). The ramus width (W), the distance from the mandibular foramen to the deepest point of the anterior border of the mandibular ramus (D), the distance from the mandibular foramen to the lowest point of the mandibular notch (V) and the distance from the inferior border of the mandible to the lowest point in of the mandibular border (R), as well as the ratios W/D and V/R, were measured. ANCOVA, two-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the variation among the facial shapes. Results: The ramus width (W) was greater (p<0.0001) in the brachycephalic (28.4±0.5 mm) than in both mesocephalic (26.8±0.36 mm) and dolichocephalic (25.5±0.39 mm) patients. D (p=0.0433) and R (p=0.0072) were also greater in the brachycephalic (17.7±0.36 mm; 43.4±0.75 mm, respectively) than dolichocephalic (16.5±0.3 mm; 40.3±0.63 mm, respectively), but both did not differ from mesocephalic (17.3±0.36 mm; 41.8±0.66 mm, respectively) patients. The other measurements (V, W/D and R/V) did not significantly differ among facial shapes. Conclusion: The localization of the mandibular foramen was, in the horizontal direction, more posterior in the brachycephalic patients and, in the vertical direction, higher in the dolichocephalic patients, when compared to the other groups analyzed. Thus, the anatomic data found in this study may help dentists to increase the success of the inferior alveolar nerve block and prevent surgical complications.

scholarly journals Morphology and morphometry of mental foramen in adult human mandibles of North Indian population

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Poonam Verma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Circular Opening ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Mental Nerve ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background and aim : Mental foramen is an oval or circular opening present on the anterior surface of mandible through which the mental nerve and vessels exit It forms an intportant landmark for human mandible for both invasive and noninvasive procedures. Its position vary according to the age and race. The aim of the study is to provide data on morphology and morphometry of mental foramen. Materials and Methods : The present study was done on ninety dried adult human mandibles of unknown age and sex. Incidences and shapes of the mental and accessory mental foramen were observed. Size and the distances from the various landmarks were noted with the help of digital Vernier calipers. Results: Mental forantina were found bilaterally in all (100%) the mandibles. Accessory mental foramina were found in five mandibles (5.5%) on right side and three mandibles (3.3%) on left side. Shape of the mental foramina was predominantly rounded. Average size of mental and accessory mental foramina was 2.56 mm and 1 mm respectively. The position of the mental foramina below the apex of second premolar , between the first and second premolar and between the second premolar and first molar and below the apex of first premolar tooth were 64.4%, 21.1%, 8.8% and 5.5% respectively. The average distance of the accessory mental forantina from the mental foramen was 0.66 mm and average location was below the first molar tooth. Conclusion: All these findings can supplement useful data for population diversities and can help the surgeons, anatomists, orthodontists and paleoanthropologists to carry out their procedures successfully.

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis of Dry Adult Human Mandibular Ramus

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Md Mesbahul Hoque ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Shahanaz Begum ◽  
AHM Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Sharmina Sayeed
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Part ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Context: Mandible is the lower jaw bone providing attachment of muscles of mastication and facial expression and provides pathway for inferior alveolar nerve and vessels. The mandibular ramus is almost vertical in adult but more oblique in old age. The anterior part of ramus can be used as the donor site for reconstruction of small bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial region. A relatively short mandibular ramus may be an important unfavorable anatomic factor in difficult laryngoscopy. The aim of this study was to determine the morphometry of mandibular ramus from various anatomical landmarks in one hundred eighty five dry adult human mandibles. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical type of study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. Morphometry of mandibular ramus was measured with the help of digital sliding calipers. Results: The mandibular ramus was at the same distance from each landmark on both sides demonstrating symmetry. There was no significant difference in the values on the right and left sides of the mandibles. Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge of this study might be useful in certain surgical procedure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v12i1.22612 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2014, Vol. 12 No. 1 pp 14-16

scholarly journals Study of Morphometric Analysis of Mandibular Foramen in Bangladeshi Dry Adult Human Mandible

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Md Mesbahul Hoque ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Shahanaz Begum ◽  
AHM Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Md Abdul Momen
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Block ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Anaesthetic Techniques ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference

Context: Mandible is the lower jaw bone providing attachment of muscles of mastication and facial expression and provides pathway for inferior alveolar nerve and vessels. Adequate anaesthesia is a prerequisite of most of the dental procedures. Effective pain control in dentistry may be achieved by the local anaesthetic techniques; the most common procedures which are followed by the inferior alveolar nerve block. Therefore, identification of mandibular foramen is important for dental surgeons in nerve block and surgical procedures to avoid injury to neurovascular bundle. The aim of this study was to determine the position of the mandibular foramen from various anatomical landmarks. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional analytical type of study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka on one hundred and eighty five (185) dry adult human mandibles of unknown sex. Position of mandibular foramen was determined using the distance of the mandibular foramen to (a) the anterior border of the ramus (b) the posterior border of the ramus (c) the mandibular notch (d) the head of the mandible (e) the posterior edge of third molar socket and (f) the symphysis menti which were measured with the help of digital sliding calipers. Results: The mandibular foramen was at the same distance from each landmark on both sides demonstrating symmetry. There was no significant difference in the values on the right and left sides of the mandibles. Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge of this study might be useful in certain surgical procedure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i2.20671 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2013, Vol. 11 No. 2 pp 58-61

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