scholarly journals Formation of the basic productivity elements and quality indicators of grain of forage type winter triticale collection samples

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
V.D. Bugayov ◽  
V.D. Tromsyuk ◽  
T.V. Lilyk ◽  
O.V. Gultyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Diet Variety ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Forage Type ◽  
Statistical Results

Purpose. To define varieties with high indicators of elements of grain productivity structure, the increased content of protein in grain and the lowered one – of alkylresorcinols. Methods. Field, visual, weight, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. Collection samples of winter triticale were studied according to the main elements of productivity: productive bushiness, number of grains from an ear, weight of seeds from an ear, weight of 1000 grains. The content of nutrients and anti-nutrients (alkylresorcinols) in the grain of winter triticale varieties was determined. 33 varieties were identified, which in terms of productive bushiness exceeded the standard variety and interpopulation level (SMR*), 32 – in terms of the number of grains per ear, 37 – by weight of grain per ear, 33 – by weight of 1000 grains. Higher protein content than the standard was found in 21 samples, and 20 – exceeded the CMP. The lowest amount of 5-alkylresorcinols, compared to the standard, was found in the Bulat sample (152 mg/kg), and 15 samples had lower values compared to the CMP. Conclusions. According to the results of the research of structure elements of grain productivity of winter triticale collection samples were differentiated: on productive bushiness – Td-90 (3.29 pcs.), Aztec (3.2 pcs.), Parus (3.15 pcs.), Bard (3.13 pcs.); the number of grains from the ear – Urahan (75.8 pcs.), Borwo (66 pcs.), Yas (65.3 pcs.), Parus (64.1 pcs.); weight of grain from the ear – Urahan (4.10 g), Shalanda (3.53 g), Yasha (3.49 g), Skolot (3.46 g), Td-90 (3.35 g); weight of 1000 grains – Alkyd (63.7 g), Topaz (63.2 g), Zagrava (62.9 g), Dozor (62.3 g), Aztec (61.3 g). Samples with high protein content in dry matter were isolated: Mayak (14.17%); Tsekad 90 (13.91%); Mudrets (13.59%) and Urahan (13.23%). Varieties with the reduced content of 5-alkylresorcinols were identified: Sotnik (292 mg/kg); Mudrets (295 mg/kg); Polyanske (313 mg/kg); Parus (320 mg/kg). Despite the presence of anti-nutritional factors, triticale is a valuable forage crop that can be used quite successfully for feed purposes, but its effectiveness depends on the level of introduction into the diet, variety and conditions of use.

scholarly journals Effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Burešová ◽  
I. Sedláčková ◽  
O. Faměra ◽  
J. Lipavský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Growing Conditions

The effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch was studied on winter triticale cvs. Kitaro, Lupus, Lamberto and Ticino harvested in 2006 and 2007 in Humpolec and Pernolec, Czech Republic. Dry matter of the investigated triticale grain contained 62.4–70.9% of starch. The starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly affected by cultivar and year. Statistical analysis did not confirm that starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly influenced by growing variant or location. The protein content was significantly affected only by year. The differences in protein content among cultivars, growing variants and locations were not significant. The protein content was negatively correlated with starch content (<I>r</I> = –0.83). Statistical analysis of data also confirmed a positive correlation between the starch content and amylose content in starch (<I>r</I> = 0.45).

Forage yield of simple and complex grass–legume mixtures under two management strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Foster ◽  
C. L. Vera ◽  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
F. R. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Bromus Riparius

Foster, A., Vera, C. L., Malhi, S. S. and Clarke, F. R. 2014. Forage yield of simple and complex grass–legume mixtures under two management strategies. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 41–50. Limited information is available on the dry matter production, protein content and species composition of complex mixtures of introduced perennial forage crop species for hay and pasture in the moister regions of Saskatchewan. A field experiment was sown on 2008 May 27 at Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada, on a thick Black Chernozem (Udic Boroll) silty clay soil, to compare the effects on dry matter yield (DMY), protein content and species composition of perennial forage crop monocultures and mixtures, under a two-cut and a three-cut management system, in 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. Eleven treatments consisted of monocultures of hybrid bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.×Bromus inermis Leyss.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn], intermediate wheatgrass [Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv.] and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.); simple mixtures of each of these individual grass species with alfalfa; a more complex mixture of all these grass species and alfalfa, and a very complex mixture consisting of the complex mixture plus meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), tall fescue [Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.) Wimm.], timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and slender wheatgrass [Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners]. The alfalfa was inoculated with rhizobium, and no fertilizer was added to any treatment during the course of the study. The two-cut system yielded higher than the three-cut system in all years. In 2009, the first cutting year, all treatments, especially under the two-cut system, produced similar forage DMY, with monoculture grasses yielding as much as that of their mixture with alfalfa. In 2010, 2011 and 2012, however, monoculture alfalfa and grass–alfalfa treatments had higher DMY than the monoculture grasses. Monoculture alfalfa also showed superior DMY than most grass–alfalfa mixtures, especially during the last 2 yr of the study. In conclusion, the inclusion of alfalfa in forage mixtures, grown in unfertilized soil, significantly increased forage yield, especially after the first production year, and these grass–alfalfa mixtures yielded almost as much as monoculture alfalfa. Also, the inclusion of alfalfa significantly increased the forage protein content over the grass alone treatments. Hybrid bromegrass, grown alone or in mixture with alfalfa, yielded similar to the other grasses tested, while crested wheatgrass did not compete as well as other main grasses, grown alone or in mixture with alfalfa. In this study, the use of complex or very complex mixtures of introduced grasses with alfalfa did not increase DMY over the simple grass–alfalfa mixtures.

The effects of two meal supplements on the progress of calves receiving autumn grass

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
D. T. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
The Third ◽  
Milk Substitute

1. Three groups, each comprising four Hereford-cross and four Friesian half-sib male calves, were fed milk substitute and offered grass cut from autumn pastures. Two of the groups received meal supplements of similar energy value but differing in protein content. The third group received no meal supplement.2. As the consumption of meal rose the intake of herbage dry matter decreased but total dry matter intake increased.3. The effects of the two meals on the progress of the calves were similar but not apparent until after the first 6 weeks. The lack of response to the high protein content of one meal suggests that energy may be the limiting factor to growth of calves reared on autumn pasture.4. Hereford-cross calves which did not receive a meal supplement tended to make the best live-weight gains during the subsequent grazing season, but no such recovery was made by the Friesians.

scholarly journals Yield and protein content in grain of winter triticale collection samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-506
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Ponomarev ◽  
Mira L. Ponomareva ◽  
Gulnaz S. Mannapova ◽  
Lubov V. Ilalova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Winter Triticale

The aim of the study is to characterize winter triticale samples by protein content in grain and productivity, to identify sources of high protein content and high grain yield for use in breeding process. Experimental work was carried out in the conditions of Tatarstan Republic in 2013-2017. The collection of 93 varieties of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the Federal Research Center “All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources"(VIR) was evaluated in field trials. Wide genetic diversity of the studied gene pool was demonstrated by grain protein content (11.69...16.15 %) and grain yield (277...579 g/m2). Protein content and grain yield were mostly determined by the growing conditions – the factor “year” (58.1 % and 61.8 %, respectively), with a relatively small share of the factor “genotype” (23.9 % and 15.4 %, respectively). Significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotype and by year, was observed. There were identified 19 sources of high protein content in grain (over 14.5 %) and 17 sources of high grain yield (over 510 g/m2), which showed a significant excess of the standard Bashkirskaya korotkostebelnaya. A group of samples with a relatively high protein content (13.8 ... 14.1 %) and yield higher than the average value (450...500 g/m2) was identified. The highest breeding value among the sources of high yield was shown by samples Zimogor, Kornet, Privada, Vodoley, 3/9 oh Ag 4418, and among the sources of high protein content – Kurskaya stepnaya, Mir, Student, Svyatozar. The listed variety samples additionally possessed a complex of positive features: high ear productivity, high full-scale weight and large grains. In varieties Dokuchaevsky 8 and Privada there was noted a favorable combination of significantly high levels of yield (542 and 527 g/m2, respectively) and protein content in the grain (14.28 and 13.93 %, respectively). The finding of a reliable moderate negative correlation (r = -0.682) between yield and grain protein content indicates that grain protein content can be increased by breeding methods at relatively high or medium yields of varieties.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Spirulina platensis on Traditional Greek Soft Cheese with Respect to Its Nutritional and Sensory Perspectives

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Loulouda Bosnea ◽  
Antonia Terpou ◽  
Eleni Pappa ◽  
Efthymia Kondyli ◽  
Marios Mataragas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Evaluation Panel ◽  
Cheese Production

Spirulina platensis, the most popular microalgae species known for its high protein content and bioactive compounds such as phycocyanin and allophycocyanin, has been studied for cheese fortification. Incorporation of spirulina in dairy products poses major sensorial challenges due to its characteristic odor and its insolubility in food formulation, thus limiting consumer acceptance. The main objective was the production of a novel spread cheese fortified with spirulina, so powdered spirulina was added at different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1%), and the effect on physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics was assessed. Cheese samples were examined for pH, fat (Gerber-Van Gulik method), salt (Volhard method), protein (Kjeldahl), and moisture content by drying to constant weight at 102 ± 1 °C. Cheeses were also assessed organoleptically by five experienced panelists. Generally, the addition of spirulina slightly increased the protein content and affected the color of the cheeses. The cheeses achieved a good microbiological profile and were all characterized as acceptable for consumption by the panelists. However, the cheeses with 0.25 and 0.5% spirulina were mostly preferred by the evaluation panel due to the less intense characteristic odor and taste of spirulina. We conclude that it is possible to produce an acceptable spread cheese with the addition of spirulina without significant changes in the cheese production line.

scholarly journals Proteins and Bioactive Peptides in High Protein Content Foods

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Fidel Toldrá ◽  
Leticia Mora
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
By Products

Foods and their industry by-products constitute very good sources of bioactive peptides, which can be naturally generated during processing but are also extensively produced through enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, and even during gastrointestinal digestion in the human body [...]

Effect of harvesting stage on cereal and legume forage production in low rainfall regions

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hadjichristodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Harvesting Stage ◽  
Percentage Protein

SUMMARYThe effect of stage of harvesting on dry-matter (D.M.) yield and chemical composition of barley, wheat and the legumes common vetch (F. sativa), woollypod vetch (F. dasycarpa) and fodder peas (P. sativum) were studied in Cyprus under low rainfall conditions in a series of trials sown in four successive years. Cereals were harvested at the beginning of heading, 50% heading and the milk stage of grain, and legumes at three stages from preflowering to full pod formation, D.M., protein and digestible D.M. yields and percentage D.M. content increased with age, whereas percentage protein content and D.M. digestibility declined. Under moisture stress conditions before and during the harvesting period D.M. yields did not increase significantly with age. Protein content of cereals under low rainfall conditions was higher than that of cereals grown in the U.K. under higher N fertilization levels. Rainfall conditions affected drastically the performance of both cereals and legumes. However, average yields were satisfactory; the barley variety 628 gave 8·98 t/ha, the highest D.M. yield among all cereal and legume varieties.

Effect of varying seeding rates on hybrid and conventional summer rape performance in Manitoba

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Van Deynze ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
S. R. Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Matter Production

To compare the effects of varying seeding rate on the agronomic performance, phenology and seed quality of hybrid and conventional summer rape cultivars, four hybrid and two conventional summer rape cultivars were seeded at 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 9.0 kg ha−1 at two locations for 3 yr. The hybrid cultivars were, very importantly, 24% higher yielding and produced 50% more total dry matter than the conventional cultivars. The hybrid cultivars were, on average, 1.3% lower in seed oil content, 1.0% higher in seed protein content and equal in sum of oil and protein in the seed compared with the conventional cultivars. The hybrid cultivars were on average, 1.3 d later to 50% flowering and 1.1 d later to maturity than the average for the conventional cultivars, (i.e., equal or earlier to flowering and maturity than Regent). The hybrid cultivars were also 3.9% lower in harvest index and 1.3 ppm lower in chlorophyll content than the conventional cultivars. In spite of these differences, there were no significant cultivar-by-seeding-rate interactions, indicating that the hybrid and conventional cultivars responded similarly to varying seeding rate. Lodging, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, harvest index, survival, oil content and protein content displayed significant linear responses to varying seeding rate. Stand at maturity, seed yield and total dry matter production displayed significant linear and quadratic responses to varying seeding rate. Varying seeding rate had no effect on seed formation period, the sum of oil and protein content, or chlorophyll content. A seeding rate of 6 kg ha−1 maximized seed yield for both hybrid and conventional summer rape cultivars.Key words: Brassica napus, canola, seed quality, agronomy, phenology

scholarly journals Culinary and nutritional quality of common bean lines with Carioca grain type and interaction with environments

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helton Santos Pereira ◽  
Renata Cristina Alvares ◽  
Leonardo Cunha Melo ◽  
Antônio Félix da Costa ◽  
Hélio Wilson Lemos de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distrito Federal

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to study the genetic variability and the interaction between genotypes and environments for cooking time and protein content of bean grains as well as to identify elite lines of Carioca grain type with short cooking time, high protein content and high adaptability and stability for these two traits. Sixteen experiments were conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications during the rainy, dry and winter seasons, in Goiás, Distrito Federal, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Paraná States, in 2009 and 2010. Each trial was composed by 16 elite lines of Carioca grain type and the data of cooking time and protein content were obtained. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and to stability and adaptability analysis, according to the methodology proposed by Annichiarico. Genetic variability was found for cooking time and for protein content among Carioca common bean elite lines; however, for protein content this variability is lower. The environmental effect is important for the expression of these traits and is larger than the genetic effect. The interaction between genotypes and environments is important for cooking time and for protein content of common beans. The lines CNFC 11951 and CNFC 11962 presents short cooking time, high protein content and high stability and adaptability for both traits.

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