scholarly journals Diskursus antara Kedudukan Delik Pencucian Uang sebagai Independent Crime dengan sebagai Follow Up Crime Pasca Putusan MK Nomor 90/PUU-XIII/2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Muh. Afdal Yanuar
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Trial Process ◽  
Legal Proceeding ◽  
Ratio Decidendi ◽  
Process Perspective ◽  
Legal Force

Sebagai tindak pidana lanjutan (follow up crime), kedudukan tindak pidana pencucian uang dilihat berdasarkan terjadinya tindak pidana tersebut secara faktual. Akan tetapi, jika cara memandang Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang sebagai follow up crime seperti itu dipertahankan dalam hal pembuktian, maka riskan untuk membuat tidak efektifnya pembuktian terhadap Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dalam keadaan-keadaan tertentu, utamanya dalam hal materiele dader tindak pidana asal tersebut sedang berstatus DPO. Oleh sebab itu, dimunculkanlah sebuah ide yang pada pokoknya menghendaki agar dalam keadaan demikian, masih dimungkinkan untuk dibuktikan tindak pidana pencucian uangnya. Konsep itu disebut dengan istilah independent crime, yang melihat kedudukan TPPU dari perspektif unsur esensial dari delik pencucian uang, dan dari perspektif pembuktian tindak pidana pencucian uang itu sendiri. Dan hal tersebut juga tidak menyalahi apa yang tertuang dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No 90/PUU-XIII/2015, sebagaimana dalam ratio decidendi putusan tersebut Mahkamah menyatakan bahwa frasa "tidak wajib dibuktikan terlebih dahulu" bukan  berarti tidak perlu dibuktikan sama sekali tindak pidana asalnya, namun TPPU tidak perlu menunggu lama sampai perkara pidana asalnya diputus atau telah memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap.As a follow up crime, money laundering offences are seen factually based on the offences done. However, if this perspective about money laundering as a follow up crime is maintained in the trial process perspective, it would be very risky of making the Money Laundering’s proofs  in the court. Some may become ineffective in certain circumstances, especially in term of the materiele dader of predicate offences have declared as a fugitive. For that reason, an idea is created which in essence allow to, in such circumstances, prove his/her money laundering offences. This concept is recognized as the concept of “independent crime”, which sees the crime of money laundering from the essential element of money laundering offense, and from the proofing perspective of the money laundering itself. This is also in line with the decision of the Constitutional Court number 90/PUU-XII/2015, where in the ratio decidendi of the decision, the Constitutional Court declared that the phrase “not obligated to be proven first” does not mean that there is no obligation at all to prove the original offense, instead it means that for it to continue its legal proceeding, but that does not have to wait for the original offense to be sentenced or has received permanent legal force. 

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN HAKIM AD-HOC PADA PENGADILAN TIPIKOR (TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI) DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 48 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN

GANEC SWARA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
TITIN APRIANI
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Library Research

   This research is a library research that uses data in the form of books, laws, articles, journals and other literature related to the title, while the technique and data collection is by collecting various ideas, theories and concepts of various literature that are centered on the process of comparison between the evidence or other laws. The results of the study concluded that the ruling of the Constitutional Court against the position of the ad hoc judge is appropriate because it gives the same position on a different matter precisely caused injustice.   In addition to having the authority to check, prosecute, and break the criminal corruption, adhoc judges also have the authority to examine the criminal case of money laundering that the original criminal act is a corruption crime. So here corruption as the original criminal act is often referred to as predicate crimes. It is no less important that the role and authority of the adhoc judge specialising in the association of article 6 letter c The authority of the Court of Law to handle a strict follow-up in another law is determined as a corruption criminal act

scholarly journals PROBLEM KETIDAKPATUHAN TERHADAP PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TENTANG PENGUJIAN UNDANG-UNDANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Widayati Widayati
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Final Level ◽  
Legal Remedy ◽  
Final Verdict ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Force

Article 24C Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the The Republic of Indonesia authorizes the Constitutional Court to hear at the first and final level the decission of wich of to examine the law againts the Constitution. In the elucidation of Article 10 Paragraph (1) of the law of Constitutional Court, the final decission shall obtain a permanent legal force from the time of speech and no legal remedy can be taken. The final verdict of the Constitutional Court examining the law is immediately applicable, and some require the follow up of the legislators by forming new laws, or amending existing laws. Often, the legislators do not obey the Cosntitutional Court’s decission. Non-compliance can occur because there are not sanctions againts non-compliance, and also the Constitutional Court does not haven an instrumental or execution in charge of ensuring the execution of its verdict. Therefore, efforts are needed to ensure that the Co nstitutional Courtas a judicial institution remains authoritative and is not abandoned by justice seekers.

scholarly journals Law Enforcement towards Money Laundering Prepertrators Reviewed From the Presumption of Innocence

Corruptio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Rezza Ardiansyah ◽  
Eddy Rifa’i ◽  
Nikmah Rosidah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Presumption Of Innocence ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Trial Process ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
Legal Force

Law enforcement against perpetrators of money laundering crimes has recently become a separate polemic for many law enforcers who have problems, especially about the confiscation of assets suspected of being the result of money laundering, not guided by the presumption of innocence. This writing problem is how law enforcement is against money laundering perpetrators based on the presumption of innocence and how law enforcers should confiscate assets resulting from money laundering based on the presumption of innocence. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Yuridis Normatif dan Empiris. Normative research is carried out on theoretical matters in legal principles, while the empirical approach is carried out to study the law that occurs in the field. The results showed that law enforcement against money laundering perpetrators who have money laundering proceeds based on the presumption of innocence is carried out by law enforcement through confiscation. The confiscation process does not violate the principle of presumption of innocence because this is a security measure so that the suspected items do not move and transfer to a third party until the trial process is completed and has permanent legal force. Law enforcers should take action in confiscating the assets of money laundering proceeds based on the presumption of innocence must be proportional and prioritize the principles of prudence and prudence as long as it does not violate human rights and is carried out objectively by looking at whether the assets have anything to do with money laundering.

scholarly journals Los límites de la autonomía parlamentaria hoy. La influencia del conflicto catalán sobre el control de los actos parlamentarios sin valor de ley por el Tribunal Constitucional

2021 ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Esperanza Gómez Corona
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Force

En el proyecto soberanista catalán, el Parlament ha tenido un papel muy destacado a través de la aprobación no sólo de leyes, sino de numerosas Declaraciones y Resoluciones que pretendían implementar la hoja de ruta independentista, y que han sido recurridas sistemáticamente ante el Tribunal Constitucional. En este trabajo vamos a analizar las resoluciones del Tribunal Constitucional recaídas sobre la actividad del Parlamento catalán sin valor de ley, al objeto de delimitar si se apartan de la jurisprudencia constitucional relativa a la posición y funciones del parlamento y de sus miembros. Trataremos así de constatar si esta jurisprudencia ha modificado y en qué medida los márgenes de la autonomía parlamentaria que el Tribunal Constitucional venía reconociendo desde hace décadas.Within the Catalonian sovereigntist project, the Parliament of Catalonia has played a very prominent role through the approval of laws and numerous declarations and motions that sought to implement the pro-independence roadmap, and which have been systematically appealed before the Constitutional Court. In this paper, we will analyse the Constitutional Court’s rulings on the Catalan Parliament’s activity without legal force to determine whether they deviate from constitutional case-law on the position and functions of the Parliament and its members. In this way, we will try to determine whether and to what extent this case-law has modified the degree of parliamentary autonomy that the Constitutional Court has recognised for decades.

scholarly journals Judicial Consistency dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tentang Pengujian Undang-Undang Penodaan Agama

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 080
Author(s):  
Zaka Firma Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
Ratio Decidendi ◽  
The Law ◽  
Prevention Law

Tulisan ini hendak membahas mengenai konsistensi putusan-putusan mahkamah konstitusi dalam pengujian undang-undang berdasarkan asas preseden. MK beberapa kali dipandang tidak konsisten karena kerap mengeluarkan putusan yang bersifat overrulling. Namun, sebenarnya tidak sedikit juga putusan MK yang konsisten mengikuti preseden. Meskipun penggunaan asas preseden hanya dikenal di negara yang menganut tradisi common law, MK ternyata juga menerapkannya. Putusan MK tentang pengujian UU Pencegahan Penodaan Agama adalah salah satu bentuk dianutnya asas preseden di MK. Putusan ini secara konsisten menyatakan bahwa UU Pencegahan Penodaan Agama tetap konstitusional karena akan terjadi kekosongan hukum apabila UU Pencegahan Penodaan Agama diputus inkonstitusional. Dalam perkara tersebut, MK mempertahankan ratio decidendinya terhadap konstitusionalnya UU Pencegahan Penodaan Agama karena meskipun MK sadar bahwa UU a quo banyak mengandung kelemahan. Konsistensi standing MK terhadap UU Pencegahan Penodaan Agama ini merupakan salah satu bentuk dari dipraktekannya doktrin preseden.This paper will discuss the consistency of the constitutional court decision in the judicial review cases based on the principle of precedent. MK several times deemed inconsistent because often issued a ruling that is overruling. However, there were actually a lot of MK decisions that consistently followed the precedent. Although the use of the precedent principle is only known in common law tradition, the Constitutional Court apparently also applies it. The Constitutional Court’s decision regarding the Blasphemy Prevention Act was one form of the principle of precedent in the Constitutional Court. This decision consistently states that the Blasphemy Prevention Act remains constitutional because a legal vacuum will occur if the Blasphemy Prevention Law was decided to be unconstitutional. In this case, the Court retained its ratio decidendi to the constitutionality of the Blasphemy Prevention Law, even though the Court was aware that the Law contained many weaknesses. The consistency of the Constitutional Court on the judicial review of the Blasphemy Prevention Act is one form of the practice of precedent doctrine.

scholarly journals Rasisme dan Penerapan Pasal Makar terhadap Kebebasan Ekspresi Politik Papua

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-80
Author(s):  
Herlambang P. Wiratraman
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
District Court ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Political Expression ◽  
Ratio Decidendi ◽  
The Republic

Freedom of political expression has not been fully guaranteed in the Indonesian legal system. One of the most prominent in the legal debate is the matter of treason (makar) charges against political expressions of self-determination. In the case of Papua, many Papuans have been detained, criminalised, and even killed because of their political expression. Interestingly, the Constitutional Court, through its decision Number 7/PUU-XV/2017, provided guidance in its ‘ratio decidendi’ argument, specifically the interpretation of treason phrases in the Criminal Code. Interpretation is given by the Constitutional Court after seeing the reality that law enforcement has been arbitrarily abused by the application of the treason article. This is contrary to the freedom of association, opinion and expression, as guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This article discusses how the application of the phrase treason in law enforcement, especially in connection with the conviction of many Papuans after the Surabaya anti-racism rallies in September 2019. A number of district court decisions on dozens of convicted Papuans show that the legal system that guarantees freedom of political expression has not changed much and law enforcement in fact emphasises the position of racial discrimination and is far below the standard of human rights law. Abstrak Kebebasan ekspresi politik belum sepenuhnya dijamin dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Salah satu yang paling mengemuka dalam perdebatan hukum adalah soal tuduhan makar terhadap ekspresi politik menentukan nasib sendiri. Dalam kasus Papua, tidak sedikit jumlah warga Papua yang ditahan, dikriminalkan, hingga tewas terbunuh karena soal ekspresi politiknya. Menariknya, Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui putusannya Nomor 7/PUU-XV/2017 memberikan panduan dalam argumen ratio decidendinya, khusus interpretasi frasa makar dalam Kitab-Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Penafsiran diberikan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi setelah melihat realitas penegakan hukum telah banyak disalahgunakan penerapan pasal makar. Hal demikian bertentangan dengan kebebasan berkumpul, berpendapat dan berekspresi, sebagaimana dijamin dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Artikel ini membahas bagaimana penerapan frasa makar dalam penegakan hukumnya, khususnya berkaitan dengan dipidananya banyak warga Papua setelah aksi anti rasisme Surabaya pada September 2019. Sejumlah putusan pengadilan negeri atas puluhan warga Papua yang dipidana tersebut memperlihatkan sistem hukum yang menjamin kebebasan ekspresi politik tidak banyak berubah dan penegakan hukum justru menegaskan posisi diskriminasi rasial serta jauh dari standar hukum hak asasi manusia.

scholarly journals Analisis Yuridis Pembatalan Hak Untuk Melakukan Perkawinan Antara Sesama Pekerja Dalam Satu Perusahaan (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 13/PUU-XV/2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Olivia Sitanggang
Keyword(s):  
Court Decision ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
Legal Consideration ◽  
The World ◽  
Personal Conflict ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Legal Force

Currently, there are several companies that make regulations that require the workers to resign or even be willing to be laid off if they decide to marry another worker in the company. Some of the reasons are preventing personal conflict, subjectivity, corruption, collusion and nepotism. The formulation of the problem in this research is what is the background of the provisions regarding the prohibition of marriage between fellow workers in one company, how is the analysis of the judges legal considerations in the decision Number 13 / PUU-XV / 2017, what is the impact of the Constitutional Court decision on the inclusion of clauses prohibiting intermarriage between workers.The results showed that the background of the provisions concerning the prohibition of marriage between fellow workers in one company is to maintain a professional attitude of workers when carrying out their work in order to maintain the company's existence in the world of business competition. Another reason is that it refers to Article 153 paragraph (1) letter f of Law Number 13 of 2003 so that this provision is used as a reason for employers to prohibit marital ties for fellow workers in their company. The legal consideration of the judge in decision Number 13 / PUU-XV / 2017 is clear that Article 153 paragraph (1) letter f of the Labour Laws is no longer valid, because the phrase unless it has been regulated in a work agreement, company regulation, or collective working agreement is contrary to the Constitution 1945 and has no binding legal force. The impact of the Constitutional Court's decision on the inclusion of a clause on the prohibition of marriage is that employers cannot state the reasons for dismissal of workers who have marital ties to other workers in the same office in the employment agreements, company regulations or collective working agreements, so that if the entrepreneur includes it, it is considered to have violated the decision of the Constitutional Court. Keywords: Cancellation of the Rights, Marriage, Workers, One Company.

scholarly journals Новите мерки за превенция на изпирането на пари

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-117
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Periodic Changes

New Measures for the Prevention of Money Laundering Money laundering poses serious threats to international and national security. The past three decades have been marked by intense efforts to combat the crime. Prevention measures that engage a wide range of reporting entities have become increasingly important in this re-spect. The need for more effective prevention of money laundering has led to periodic changes in the regulatory framework. The article focuses on the latest measures for money laundering prevention that were introduced with the adoption of two new directives by the European Parliament and the Council of Europe in 2015 and 2018 respectively, as well as an entirely new legal framework introduced in Bulgaria in 2018 and its follow-up amendments at the end of 2019. The article analyzes various aspects of the crime and the evolution of the counteracting approaches, highlighting major elements of the most recent measures for the prevention of money laundering on a European level and a national level.

scholarly journals Legal Examination of the Constitutional Court Number 28/PUU-XI/2013 Concerning the Case of Judicial Review of Law Number 17 of 2012 Concerning Cooperatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Lauddin Marsuni ◽  
Salle Salle ◽  
Syarifuddin Syarifuddin ◽  
La Ode Husen
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Natural Person ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Force

This study aims to understand the legal review on Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 28/PUU-XI/2013 on the review of Law No. 17 of 2012 on Cooperatives against The 1945 Constitution. The benefits of this research are socialization and provide legal awareness about cooperatives activities in Indonesia. This research uses a normative approach that focuses on studying the legal and regulatory norms associated with the object of the problem. The technical analysis used in this study is the Hermeneutic and Interpretation analysis methods. The results of the study indicate that Phrase “natural person” in the cooperatives sense was based on Article 1 point 1 of Law No. 17 of 2012 is against Article 33 section (1) of The 1945 Constitution because that definition leads to individualism. Furthermore, although the Petitioner's petition is only regarding certain articles it contains substantial norm content, it will cause other articles in Law No. 17 of 2012 has no binding legal force. Therefore the Petitioner's petition must be declared in accordance with the law for all contents of Law No. 17 of 2012. As for the sake of legal certainty, Law No. 25 of 1992 valid for a while awaiting the establishment of a new Law.

scholarly journals Dampak Perkawinan Yang Tidak Dicatat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarjiyati Sarjiyati ◽  
Yuni Purwati
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Legal Force

Marriage is a very important event in community life. Because marriage does not only concern the bride and groom, but also the parents of both parties, relatives and their families. The purpose of marriage is to form a happy and eternal family. The method used in this community service activity is legal counseling and discussion about not to noted marriages. From the discussion conducted it can be concluded that. The legal status of marriage that is not to noted under the marriage law is illegal or has no legal force. The legal status of a child born from a marriage that is not to noted has a civil relationship with his mother, this has the consequence that the child born of marriage is not to noted the country of the child does not have a civil relationship with his father. But after the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 in which the child can also have a civil relationship with his father as long as it can be proven by technological tools such as DNA testing.

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