Working conditions of employees of energy enterprises from the position of non-carcinogenic risks

2020 ◽  
pp. 606-606
Author(s):  
O. V. Grebeneva ◽  
A. Z. Shadetova ◽  
M. V. Rusyaev
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Dust Aerosols ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Power Enterprise

The coefficients of danger to health of 84 workers of 4 lowering stations of the power enterprise from inhalation influence of pollutants of motor transport are calculated: nitrogen dioxide, dust, aerosols of mineral oils and hydrocarbons. The risk of combined effects of chemicals on the target organs was determined by an increase in the chance of respiratory diseases by 1.77 times.

Actual issues of preservation of metallurgists’ health

2020 ◽  
pp. 801-801
Author(s):  
A. G. Chebotarev ◽  
O. V. Sokur
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Grade 3

Metallurgy is exposed to a complex of production factors, the levels of which often exceed the hygienic standards. Working conditions are characterized by grade 3 (harmful) 2-4 degrees, which determine the level of occupational morbidity (PZ). The PP indicator at ferrous metallurgy plants in recent years has fluctuated from 11.9 to 20.2 cases per 10,000 employees that have passed their MEP. In the structure of PZ 59.5% of cases are respiratory diseases. A trend has been established in these enterprises to increase deaths in the workplace, mainly from diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Optimization of diagnostic system of hand diseases in employees working under combined effects of vibration and physical overloads

2019 ◽  
pp. 950-955
Author(s):  
M. M. Poroshina ◽  
E. M. Vlasova ◽  
A. Ya. Perevalov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Special Assessment

The results of research carried out by theFederalScientificCenterfor Medical and Preventive Technologies of Public Health Risk Management Technologies for the period 2013–2018 showed that diseases associated with the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, employees of hazardous industries develop with experience of 15 years or more. The risk group is women older than 35 years and men older than 40 years. Pathology at the stage of detailed clinical manifestations is characterized by persistent pain syndrome, and, as a consequence, a decrease in the ability to work of workers.The aim of the study was to optimize the system of diagnosis of hand diseases in workers of industrial enterprises engaged in labor activities under the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, for the development of primary prevention programs.The observation group consisted of 32 employees aged 39.3±4.3 years, with an experience of 17.4±4.3 years; the comparison group consisted of 30 employees whose working conditions are not related to the studied factors; the average age was 40.6±3.4 years, experience was 19.1±3.1 years. The examination included analysis of the results of a special assessment of working conditions; assessment of neurological status; functional tests; laboratory studies (assessment of inflammation), hand dynamometry, stimulation electroneuromyography; x-rays of the hands and wrist joints, ultrasound examination of the hands.More than half of the surveyed persons of the observation group and 3/4 of the workers of the comparison group did not make complaints. Indicators of dynamometry of workers in both groups corresponded to physiological norm (p>0.05). Analysis of the results of dynamometer with data from previous years of PMO showed a decrease in strength of muscles of the hand leading hands on 2je,0–16. 7% and from 83.3% of the employees of the monitoring group and in 44.4% of the comparison group (p<0.05), in 50 % of the cases there was a decrease in the percentage of changes in the hand force variation (HFV) in the observation group, and in 38.9% of the cases the indicators remained unchanged. According to ultrasound of the hands, signs of tendinopathy were established in 85% of the employees of the observation group in the absence of persons with similar changes in the comparison group.In order to optimize the diagnosis of diseases of the hand in industrial workers who carry out their work under the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, in the case of a decrease in the rate of carpal dynamometry by 5% or more during the year, it is recommended to conduct ultrasound of the tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the hand, which will allow timely identification of early signs of tendinopathy.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

Occupational health issues and ways to improve medical and satsitic services for workers of road transport enterprises

1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-318
Author(s):  
N. X. Amirov ◽  
A. G. Sakhibullina
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Motor Transport

The sanitary and hygienic working conditions and health status of workers of motor transport enterprises were studied.

Occupational pathology in the Vorkuta industrial area

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Sergey Alekseevich Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Production And Distribution

Labor activity in the Arctic, especially mining, is associated with an increased risk of developing occupational pathology. The aim of the study was to investigate working conditions, structure and prevalence of occupational pathology among workers of the Vorkuta industrial region (IR) in 2007–2018. The results of social and hygienic monitoring «Working conditions and occupational morbidity» of the population of the municipal urban district of Vorkuta and the Arctic zone of Russia in 2007–2018 were studied. It was found that in 2007–2018, 99 % of occupational diseases in Vorkuta IR were detected in coal mine workers. Only 1 % of diseases were diagnosed in workers engaged in health care, transport, construction, household services, electricity production and distribution, and industrial production. Over 12 years, the share of increased labor severity in the development of occupational diseases rose from 20.3 % to 74.0 % (p < 0.001), and the share of fibrogenic aerosols decreased from 33.0 % to 13.2 % (p < 0.001). During the same period of time, in the structure of occupational pathology the share of musculoskeletal diseases increased from 20.7 % to 56.9 % (p < 0.001), and the share of respiratory diseases decreased from 31.8 % to 13.4 % (p < 0.001). In 2007–2018, the number of occupational pathology cases tended to grow, and the risk of their development in 2016–2018 was higher than in 2007–2009 (RR = 1.90; CI 1.69–2.12; p < 0.001). The results of the study indicate the need to update programs to improve working conditions and prevent occupational pathology at the Vorkuta coal mines, taking into account the new data obtained.

scholarly journals Role of Farnesoid X Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jin-nan Wu ◽  
Jian-rong Chen ◽  
Jin-liang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farnesoid X Receptor ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
The Stability

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid receptor encoded by the Nr1h4 gene. FXR plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the internal environment and the integrity of many organs, including the liver and intestines. The expression of FXR in nondigestible tissues other than in the liver and small intestine is known as the expression of “nonclassical” bile acid target organs, such as blood vessels and lungs. In recent years, several studies have shown that FXR is widely involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, a number of works have confirmed that FXR can regulate the bile acid metabolism in the body and exert its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in the airways and lungs. In addition, FXR may be used as a potential therapeutic target for some respiratory diseases. For example, FXR can regulate the tumor microenvironment by regulating the balance of inflammatory and immune responses in the body to promote the occurrence and development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thereby being considered a potential target for immunotherapy of NSCLC. In this article, we provide an overview of the internal relationship between FXR and respiratory diseases to track the progress that has been achieved thus far in this direction and suggest potential therapeutic prospects of FXR in respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals CONDITIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN SMELTERS OF TITANIUM ALLOYS

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Elena M. Vlasova ◽  
N. K. Voznesenskiy ◽  
V. B. Alekseev ◽  
A. A. Vorobeva
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Industrial Dust ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The working conditions, occupational and non-occupational risk factors, prevalence rate and peculiarities of the course of respiratory diseases in smelters of titanium alloys were studied. Working conditions of smelters are estimated as harmful (class of working conditions: 3.3-3.4.) due to factors: heating microclimate, chemicals (chlorine and hydrochloride, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide), industrial dust. A feature of the respirable dust fraction is the high content of titanium oxide particles of the PM10 dimension. There was made an analysis of the health status of workers exposed to industrial dust, depending on the length of service. Diseases of the upper respiratory tract in smelters of titanium alloys were shown to be prevalent, simple catarrhal nasopharyngitis prevails with the subsequent formation of atrophic rhinitis, its prevalence rate among smelters of titanium alloys increases with the experience. The peculiarity of the development of diseases of the upper respiratory tract in smelters of titanium alloys are: deterioration of nasal breathing in workers with experience of from 1 year to 5 years already, in patients with experience from 10 to 15 years the prevalence of catarrhal nasopharyngitis and atrophic rhinitis as its outcome in cases with experience from 15 to 20 years. The bronchial damage in the smelters of titanium alloys develops under the experience more than 5 years. The clinical forms are dominated by the phenomena of catarrhal bronchitis followed by obstruction of the bronchi progressing with the experience, with the formation of irreversible ventilation disorders. With the depletion of antioxidant protection, as a rule, with long duration of the exposure of up to 10 years, aseptic inflammation is formed, which is pronounced clinically as catarrhal endobronchitis. This is a partially reversible pathological process. The described features of the development and course of respiratory diseases in smelters of titanium alloys should be taken into account during periodic medical examinations in order to timely prevent them

scholarly journals Ambient nitrogen dioxide pollution and spread ability of COVID-19 in Chinese cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Yao ◽  
Jinhua Pan ◽  
Zhixi Liu ◽  
Xia Meng ◽  
Weidong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, which was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has caused 219,331 confirmed cases as of 20 March 2020, with 81,301 cases being reported in China. It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in 11 March 2020 (1). Although massive intervention measures have been implemented in China (e.g. shutting down cities, extending holidays and travel ban) and many other countries, the spread of the disease are unlikely to be stopped over the world shortly. It is becoming evident that environmental factors are associated with seasonality of respiratory-borne diseases’ epidemics (2). Previous studies have suggested that ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure may play a role in the phenotypes of respiratory diseases, including, but not limited to, influenza, asthma and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). NO2), for example, might increase the susceptibility of adults to virus infections (3). High exposure to NO2 before the start of a respiratory viral infection is associated with the severity of asthma exacerbation (4). This study aims to assess the associations of ambient NO2 levels with spread ability of COVID-19 across 63 Chinese cities, and provides information for the further prevention and control of COVID-19.

Combined Effects of Exposure to Noise and Whole-Body Vibration in Dumpers, Helicopters and Railway Engines

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Landström ◽  
A Kjellberg ◽  
R Lundström
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Combined Exposures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Noise Vibration

Three groups of 24 subjects were exposed to alternated periods of noise, vibration and combined exposures of both stimuli, recorded during working conditions in a dumper, a helicopter and a railway engine, respectively. Each condition included 30 minutes' exposure during which wakefulness and performance were measured by means of EEG and a computerized test respectively. The subjects also rated their drowsiness and annoyance. Results of the EEG measurements indicated the lowest level of wakefulness during the combined exposure in all three environments. The differences in ratings of drowsiness between exposures also tended to be higher during the period of combined exposures. The rated annoyance levels were always at the highest level during the combined exposure. Almost equal performance levels were found during the periods of exposure.

scholarly journals Complex approach to assessing risks and preventing various somatic diseases in workers (employed at furniture production)

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
N.A. Merkulova ◽  
◽  
Yu.Yu. Eliseev ◽  
O.I. Kozhanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Somatic Diseases

At present a number of contemporary furniture production enterprises is growing fast in Saratov region. And simultaneously there is a growth in number of working places that require adequate sanitary-hygienic assessment of their safety. Our research goal was to perform complex assessment of somatic diseases risks for workers employed at furniture production. We examined 323 workers employed at «Maria» furniture factory. To perform assessment, we applied sanitary-hygienic, laboratory-instrumental, and statistic research techniques. It was established that 23 % workers had to work under hazardous working conditions (hazard category 3.2); 37 % workers had to work under conditions belonging to hazard category 3.1; 39 % examined workers had optimal and acceptable conditions at their workplaces (category 1–2). Having examined workers’ age groups, we revealed that workers aged 21–30 prevailed among the examined ones and average working experience amounted to 5.4 years for people of this age. The second in number were workers aged 31–40 with their working experience being equal to 8.5 years. At the next stage in our research we examined morbidity among workers employed at furniture production. Thus, it was established that diseases of the nervous system were the most frequent among the examined workers (33.3 %); they were followed by respiratory diseases (20.4 %), cardiovascular diseases (12.1 %), and digestive organs diseases (10.2 %). The third stage involved examining hereditary burdens on morbidity among workers employed at furniture production. Thus, 108 workers were established to have various diseases and 79.6 % of them had hereditary predisposition. At the final stage in our research we examined retrospect data on changes in workers’ life quality over 2015. The obtained data were compared with occurrence or absence of new diseases cases over the next three years.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document