Improvements in body composition, anthropometric measurements and lipid profile following discontinuation of clozapine

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wysokiński ◽  
Tomasz Sobów
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements

scholarly journals Body composition, lipid profile and mediterranean diet adherence in cardiovascular disease patients attending a long-term exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Linan Pinto ◽  
R Pinto ◽  
S Charneca ◽  
J Vasques ◽  
M Lemos Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Complications

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction  Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is recognized as a major public health issue and remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. There is a clear association between adiposity, blood lipid profile, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) with the risk of CVD. However, the assessment of body composition parameters, dietary patterns and nutritional intervention in CVD patients undergoing a cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) program remains insufficient.  Purpose  to characterize body composition, lipid profile and MD adherence in patients with CVD who were attending an exercise-based CR program during COVID-19 era.  Methods  The study was developed between October 2020 and January 2021 in a phase III centre-based CR program. Body composition was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry Hologic Explorer-W. Adherence to the MD was assessed by the 14-item MD questionnaire. Fasting blood sample was taken for measurement of lipid profile.  Results  A sample of 41 patients (mean age 64.4 ± 7.9 years, 87.8% male) was evaluated. The most prevalent CVD were coronary artery disease (89.5%) and heart failure (21.1%). The main CVD risk factors at admission in the CR program were dyslipidaemia (71.1%), hypertension (68.4%), physical inactivity (26.3%) and diabetes mellitus (21.0%). In our sample the mean body mass index was 28 ± 3.8 kg/m2, being most patients overweight (75.6%), and having a substantially increased risk of metabolic complications (85.3%) accordingly to waist-hip ratio. Body composition assessment showed that 14.6% of the patients had a body fat mass index above 90th percentile. Although only 9.8% of the patients had reduced fat free mass, 17.1% showed appendicular lean mass below the reference value. In addition, less than one third of the patients (31.7%) revealed a high adherence to the MD pattern. A sub-analysis on blood lipids (n = 26) showed that most patients had levels of LDL cholesterol (76.9%) and non-HDL cholesterol (65.4%) above the therapeutic target and 15.4% had triglycerides higher than 150 mg/dl.  Conclusion  Body composition, lipid profile and dietary patterns, play a major role in CVD secondary prevention. Our findings showed that a substantial number of CVD patients, in COVID-19 era, did not have optimal body composition, were above lipid profile targets, and had a low/medium adherence to the MD. Thus, this study highlights the relevance of nutrition on cardiometabolic status and demonstrates the crucial role of nutritional intervention as an integrated part of a long-term phase III CR program. Moreover, further research about nutritional intervention in patients undergoing CR is warranted.

scholarly journals Associations of Low-Intensity Resistance Training with Body Composition and Lipid Profile in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0132959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetaka Hamasaki ◽  
Yu Kawashima ◽  
Yoshiki Tamada ◽  
Masashi Furuta ◽  
Hisayuki Katsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Low Intensity

scholarly journals Body composition and serum lipid profile of Royal Navy submariners before and after a three month deployment

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (OCE1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gunner ◽  
M. Lindsay ◽  
P.E.H. Brown ◽  
A.M. Shaw ◽  
S.E. Britland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
Before And After

Beneficial effects of an intradialytic cycling training program in patients with end-stage kidney disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Groussard ◽  
Myriam Rouchon-Isnard ◽  
Céline Coutard ◽  
Fanny Romain ◽  
Ludivine Malardé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cycling Training ◽  
Training Protocol

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), oxidative stress (OS) plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This pilot program aimed to determine whether an intradialytic aerobic cycling training protocol, by increasing physical fitness, could reduce OS and improve other CKD-related disorders such as altered body composition and lipid profile. Eighteen hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to either an intradialytic training (cycling: 30 min, 55%–60% peak power, 3 days/week) group (EX; n = 8) or a control group (CON; n = 10) for 3 months. Body composition (from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), physical fitness (peak oxygen uptake and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)), lipid profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)), and pro/antioxidant status (15-F2α-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) and oxidized LDL in plasma; superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced/oxidized glutathione in erythrocytes) were determined at baseline and 3 months later. The intradialytic training protocol did not modify body composition but had significant effects on physical fitness, lipid profile, and pro/antioxidant status. Indeed, at 3 months: (i) performance on the 6MWT was increased in EX (+23.4%, p < 0.001) but did not change in CON, (ii) plasma TG were reduced in EX (–23%, p < 0.03) but were not modified in CON, and (iii) plasma F2-IsoP concentrations were lower in EX than in CON (–35.7%, p = 0.02). In conclusion, our results show that 30 min of intradialytic training, 3 times per week for 3 months, are enough to exert beneficial effects on the most sensitive and reliable marker of lipid peroxidation (IsoP) while improving CKD-associated disorders (lipid profile and physical fitness). Intradialytic aerobic cycling training represents a useful and easy strategy to reduce CKD-associated disorders. These results need to be confirmed with a larger randomized study.

scholarly journals Obesity, smoking status and their relationships in selected population groups

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-299
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean

Background. Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and recently the role of overweight and obesity in lung disease has received new interest. Chronic obstructive lung disease is the third-leading cause of death globally, and both obesity and diet appear to play roles in its pathophysiology. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated an inverse association between obesity and the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objective. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between smoking, lipid profile and obesity (body composition changes) in a selected groups of population (30 non-smokers, 30 smokers and 60 COPD patients). Material and Methods. We evaluated fat mass, fat free mass, body mass index and lipid profile in a group of 120 randomly selected probands (60 COPD patients; 30 smokers without COPD; 30 non-smokers without COPD) to identify possible negative relationships of smoking to body composition. To the measurement of fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) was used a device Bodystat Quadscan 4000 (Bodystat Ltd, British Isles). The device works by using four-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Laboratory parameters as total cholesterol (T-C), high-density cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) and triacylglycerols (TG) were investigated by automated clinical chemistry analyzer LISA 200th. The measured values were statistically processed and evaluated in a statistical program STATISTICA Cz. Version 7.1. (Kruskall-Wallis test). Results. A comparison of the mean fat mass we found statistically highly significant differences between the group of COPD patients and non-smokers (P <0.001) and insignificant differences (P ≥ 0.05) between the other groups of our experiment. A comparison of the mean fat mass values of all three groups of the experiment shows a steady increase in fat from non-smokers (17.66 ± 10.04 kg) to COPD patients with the highest mean value (25.08 ± 10.14 kg). In the group of COPD patients we recorded the lowest average value of FFM (51.76 ± 13.84 kg), in group of smokers the middle (56.06 ± 10.76 kg) and in non-smokers the highest average value of FFM (59.91 ± 9.90 kg) at relatively the same body weight in the groups. Based on calculated body mass index (BMI), we found in group of COPD patients overweight in 15 cases (25%), obesity in 7 patients (11.67%), severe obesity in 14 patients (23.3%) and morbid obesity in 2 patients (3.33%); in the group of smokers overweight in 16 cases (53.33%), obesity in 5 cases (16.6%) and severe obesity in 1 case (3.33%); in non-smokers we recording overweight in 14 cases (46.67%), obesity in 5 cases (16.67%) and severe obesity in 2 cases (6.67%). In the lipid profile of the monitored groups of probands, we observed statistically significant differences only for LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). There was a statistically significant difference (P <0.001) between the group with COPD and smokers, as well as between the group of smokers and non-smokers (P < 0.05). Conclusions. In the vast majority of patients with COPD, the lung damage that leads to COPD is caused by long-term cigarette smoking. The presence and absence of risk factors such as smoking, inappropriate lipid profile and obesity (amount of fat mass) in selected population groups were observed. Additional studies to explore both the quantitative and qualitative changes in body composition with disease process of COPD are required.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Postural Stability, Anthropometry Measurements, Body Composition, and Sport Experience in Judokas with Visual Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Ferreira Jeronymo ◽  
Pablo Rodrigo de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Míriam Mainenti ◽  
Lilian Ramiro Felicio ◽  
Arthur de Sá Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bootstrap Analysis ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stability Area

Background: Postural stability is quite mandatory when practicing high-performance sports. Investigations of postural stability and related variables in judokas with visual impairment can lead to new training plans targeting the improvement of postural stability and ultimately to enhanced performance. Objectives: To investigate postural stability and its relationship with anthropometric measurements, body composition, and experience in judokas with visual impairment. Methods: Seventeen judokas (70.6% men) with visual impairment participated in this cross-sectional study. The athletes were grouped based on the functional classification of partial (B2/B3, n = 10) and total visual impairment (B1, n = 7). Postural stability was assessed using the elliptical area of the 95% confidence interval (Area) and the average displacement velocity (Vavg) while remaining in a bipedal stance with eyes closed and blindfolded. Body mass, height, circumferences, skinfold thickness and diameters were measured and used to estimate body composition. Between-group comparisons were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney test. Bivariate correlations were determined with Spearman’s correlation coefficient with bootstrap analysis and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) from 500 resamplings. Results: No significant difference was observed between the B1 and B2/B3 groups in relation to postural stability (Area; P = 1.00; Vavg; P = 0.85). Postural stability (Area but not Vavg) correlated positively and moderately (P < 0.05) with anthropometric measurements and negatively with judo experience (practice time). Conclusions: The postural stability of judokas was unrelated to the degree of visual impairment. Postural instability was correlated with anthropometric measurements, mainly body fat and height, and judo experience.

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