Groundwater Exploration in Tirtoadi using the Geoelectric Schlumberger Method

Tirtoadi sub-district is one of the areas mentioned as being on alert for meteorological drought, which is a condition of not experiencing a day without rain (HTH) for more than 60 days. This research aims to provide information on the presence of subsurface water using geoelectric methods. Data acquisition was carried out at 20 points in Tirtoadi. The distribution of points is random but evenly distributed in the research area. The equipment used is Syscal Jr and the measuring range is 600 m AB, and the direction of the stretch is relatively north to south. The field data obtained are deltas V and I. These data are used to calculate R and Rho. The resistivity value obtained is the apparent resistivity. To obtain a subsurface model of the actual resistivity, it is necessary to perform a 1-D inversion. The inversion is carried out using the Progress V3.0 software. The results obtained in this study are variations in the value of subsurface resistivity. Resistivity of water-containing aquifers ranges between 10 ?m – 50 ?m. The depth of groundwater varies between 50 meters to 80 meters. The thickness of the groundwater varies between 5 meters to 22 meters. The recommended drill point is given at T11 with coordinates 49 S 424996 N 9144372 E because at this point it has the shallowest depth and thick enough thickness.

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Identifikasi lapisan akuifer menggunakan metode geolistrik konfigurasi wenner di daerah kering desa Kalitengah kecamatan Panggungrejo kabupaten Blitar

Jurnal MIPA dan Pembelajarannya ◽

10.17977/um067v2i1p61-66 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 61-66

Author(s):

Naftalia Qisthi ◽

Daeng Achmad Suaidi ◽

Sujito Sujito

Keyword(s):

Ground Water ◽

Apparent Resistivity ◽

Water Source ◽

Research Area ◽

Karst Area ◽

Clean Water ◽

Subsurface Structure ◽

Entire Area ◽

Structure Information ◽

Subsurface Resistivity

Kalitengah Village, Kecamatan Panggungrejo, Kabupaten Blitar is a lack of ground water place, most of it is karst area. In dry season, villagers had to do hard work to find clean water source. They even have to buy it from another place. it was happened because not all of their well produces adequate amount of clean water. This research purposed to get information about spread and depth of the aquifer layer in Kalitengah Village, KecamatanPanggungrejo, Kabupaten Blitar in order to make new source of clean water. By using value of rock resistivity and subsurface structure information, clean water source can be located. The method of this research is geo-electrical wenner configuration with sounding technique. One point of sounding applied at known well as reference, and 25 points of sounding with 5 m separation as guess mapping the presence of subsurface aquifer. Acquisition have done by locate the current and potential electrodes position. Then, the current was injected until value of apparent resistivity appeared. These processes repeated until the entire area has been mapped.The result showed the subsurface resistivity value of research area. The resistivity of ground water in reference sounding point is 28-32 Ohm-meters and found in 15m below the surface. in sounding point 1-20, there is no presence of ground water aquifer. Interpretation on the result of software ZondRes2D shows resistivity value less than 28-32 Ohm-meters. The resistivity of ground water in reference sounding point is 28-32 Ohm-meters and found in 15m below the surface. Aquifer layer found at point 1 - 25 with dept about 7, 25 - 18,5 m, interpretation on the result of software ZondRes2D. The aquifer became thicker from sounding point 1 to 25 and from 3D section showed the spread of aquifer is tend to south and west.

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Construction of Water Table Contour Map and Geo Hydrological Studies on Krishnagiri Using GIS Techniques

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i3.10.15644 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3.10) ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

T Subramani ◽

S Mathialagan

Keyword(s):

Water Table ◽

Hydraulic Head ◽

Groundwater Exploration ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Contour Map ◽

Contour Lines ◽

Gis Software ◽

Water Table Contour ◽

Contemporary Technology ◽

Water Level Contour

Geo-hydrology and groundwater exploration manner to pick out and to find the zone of recharge of groundwater in a precise river basin or a catchment .water level contour traces (or waft traces) are much like topographic strains on a map. They fully represent "elevations" in the subsurface. Water table contour lines can be used to inform which manner groundwater will glide in a given region. Plenty of wells are drilled and the hydraulic head is measured in each one. Water desk contours are drawn that be a part of areas of identical head .The ones water table contours lines are also called equipotential strains. Bear in mind: groundwater usually movements from a place of the higher hydraulic head to an area of decrease hydraulic head, and perpendicular to equipotential traces. In our challenge, we put into effect concept of water table contour map and geohydrological studies on Krishnagiri using GIS software program which plays the essential position in contemporary technology.

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Penentuan Volume Batubara Menggunakan Metode Cross Section di PT. Astri Mining Resources Cabang Batu Ampar Kalimantan Selatan

Jurnal Fisika FLUX ◽

10.20527/flux.v14i2.4473 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Megawati Megawati ◽

Sri Cahyo Wahyono ◽

Fahruddin Fahruddin

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Research Area ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Processing Software ◽

Image Processing Software ◽

Drill Point ◽

Point Data ◽

Organic Deposits ◽

Cross Section Method

Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock formed from organic deposits of plant residues and carbon, hydrogen and oxygen elements. Modeling of 3D coal distribution and coal volume calculation plays an important role in the exploration because the result of coal volume calculation can be used as consideration for mining. This research uses 6 drill point and calculation of coal volume using cross section method with the help of image processing software that is rockwork16. The result of interpretation of drill point data in the research area were 5 types of rock layers with each rock volume is claystone (25.840.000 m3), claysand (230.00 m3), Coal (5.930.000 m3), carbonaceus clay and soil.

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APLIKASI METODE GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS KONFIGURASI WENNER- SCHLUMBERGER UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI LITOLOGI BATUAN BAWAH PERMUKAAN DAN FLUIDA PANAS BUMI WAY RATAI DI AREA MANIFESTASI PADOK DI KECAMATAN PADANG CERMIN KABUPATEN PESAWARAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG

Jurnal Geofisika Eksplorasi ◽

10.23960/jge.v5i1.21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 30-44

Author(s):

Wilyan Pratama ◽

Rustadi Rustadi

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Water Surface ◽

Research Area ◽

Hot Water ◽

Fluid Type ◽

Water Pool ◽

Chloride Water ◽

Subsurface Resistivity ◽

2D And 3D ◽

Manifestation Area

Research area is located in Padang Cermin Sun-District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province. Manifestation in research area is hot water pool with surface temperatures reach 900C. Data acquisition has been done by Wenner-Schlumberger configuration with 5 acquisition line. Line 1, line 4 and line 5 have 280 meters length. Line 2 have 240 meters length and line 3 have 320 meters length with a spacing of each electrodes in each lines is every 5 meters. The objective of this research are (1)examining the geochemical contaminant and fluid types, (2)identifies the geothermal fluid based on 2D and 3D resistivity data analysis, also (3)identifies the layer of rock in Padok manifestation area based on 2D and 3D subsurface resistivity section. Subsurface lithology in research area generally divides into 4 parts. Which is hot water fluid with mean resistivity value between 1 Ωm into 3 Ωm and based on geochemistry data the fluid type is chloride water; surface sediment with resistivity value between 6 Ωm into 50 Ωm and identified as swamp sediment and alluvium sediment divides into gravels, pebbles, sands, clay and peat; Gravels, pebbles, sands, clay and peat with resistivity value between 50 Ωm into 100 Ωm; and igneous rock (andesite-basalt) with resistivity value more than 100 Ωm.

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Evaluation of groundwater supply potential from hydraulic parameters estimated from vertical electrical sounding (VES) in Ikeduru, south east Nigeria

International Journal of Advanced Geosciences ◽

10.14419/ijag.v7i1.16539 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Nwosu Jacinta Chiemela ◽

Leonard I Nwosu ◽

Godwin O Chukwu

Keyword(s):

Apparent Resistivity ◽

Groundwater Exploration ◽

Hydraulic Parameters ◽

Protective Capacity ◽

Resistivity Sounding ◽

Groundwater Supply ◽

Electrical Sounding ◽

Supply Potential ◽

Soil Corrosivity ◽

Very High

A Vertical Electrical resistivity Sounding (VES) survey was carried out, to study the groundwater supply potential, protective capacity and soil corrosivity of aquifers in Ikeduru Local Government Area of Imo state, Nigeria. A total of ten (10) geoelectric soundings were acquired. Schlumberger electrode configuration was used in acquiring the data. Six to seven geoelectric layers were delineated from the interpreted results, the Aquifers were delineated between the fifth and sixth geoelectric layers, having an apparent resistivity above 1000Ωm, with the highest thick of 69.0m at a depth of 144.0m. Longitudinal Conductance, Hydraulic Conductivity, Transmissivity and Product Conductance range are as followings for the aquifers; 1.720 – 127.000 x 10-3Ω-1, 15.90 – 188.79m/day, 1093.3 – 1097.1m2/day and 2.590 – 252.50 x 10-3 respectively. Inferring from our hydraulic parameters, all the aquiferous zones have very high designation, wwithdrawal of great regional importance of groundwater supply potential and practically noncorrosive, soil corrosivity. 40% percentage of the aquiferous units have very good protective capacity, while for excellent and good protective capacity of the study are is 30%. All the VES points are said to be a very viable potential for safe source for groundwater exploration.

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Assessment of the interannual evolution of water resources with an ensemble of fully coupled terrestrial model simulations

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9724 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carl Hartick ◽

Carina Furusho-Percot ◽

Klaus Goergen ◽

Stefan Kollet

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Time Scale ◽

Coupled Model ◽

Water Security ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Probabilistic Assessment ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Fully Coupled

<p>In 2018, a severe drought occurred in Central and Northern Europe and water security concerns rose in regions where previously water was considered an abundant resource. Followed by another extremely dry year 2019, the meteorological drought developed into a hydrological drought and estimates on the probable evolution of water stores at an interannual time scale over Europe seem required that have the potential to provide informed options for adaptation. Utilizing the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TSMP) regional Earth system model over the 12km resolution pan-European CORDEX model domain, a probabilistic assessment methodology is proposed based on fully coupled groundwater-to-atmosphere simulations, which provide subsurface water resources anomalies for a water year defined from September to August. For the assessment, the TSMP ensemble is initialized with the surface and subsurface states at the end of a previous water year that is part of a spun up climatology run (here: 1989 to 2019). In an ensuing step, an ensemble of forward simulations is performed, driven by past ERA-Interim reanalysis meteorological boundary conditions until the end of August of the following year. The memory effect of groundwater, which is well-captured in TSMP, in combination with the different, plausible atmospheric states and evolution of the atmospheric forcing from the reanalysis, allows for a probabilistic assessment of the development of water resources in the upcoming year. The novelty is the use of the past meteorological conditions in a fully coupled model to account for the uncertainty of unknown weather conditions at the interannual forecasting time scale. We show that the method provides good results in a hindcast approach of 2018/19 and present the results of the upcoming water year 2019/20.</p>

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Reply by the author to Pierre Valla

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1487026 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 919-919

Author(s):

Umesh C. Das

Keyword(s):

Asymptotic Behavior ◽

Direct Current ◽

Apparent Resistivity ◽

Intermediate Step ◽

Controlled Source ◽

Layered Earth ◽

Asymptotic Expressions ◽

Higher Order Terms ◽

Earth Structures ◽

Subsurface Resistivity

I thank Pierre Valla for his interest in my paper (Das, 1995a). Transformation of controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) measurements into apparent resistivities is carried out as an intermediate step in order to enhance interpretation. Duroux (1967; and hence Valla, 1984) derives, using asymptotic expressions (higher order terms are dropped out), apparent resistivities from CSEM measurements. Valla mentions, ‘those apparent resistivities do not have the nice asymptotic behavior’, and they can not be used as an intermediate step to estimate the layer resistivities and thicknesses in the subsurface. My aim in the paper has been not to work a ‘miracle’ but to derive a function to reflect the subsurface resistivity distributions of the layered earth structures directly. The calculations on a few models indicate that such a function can be derived which yields an unambiguous apparent resistivity. The apparent resistivity curves are similarly useful in interpretation as the direct current and magnetotelluric apparent resistivity curves. Inclusion of Duroux’s work would have given the readers a chance to appreciate my definition.

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Square array resistivity anomalies and inhomogeneity ratio calculated by the finite‐element method

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1444153 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 426-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gregory N. Tsokas ◽

Panagiotis I. Tsourlos ◽

John E. Szymanski

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Apparent Resistivity ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

The Finite Element Method ◽

Array Configuration ◽

Strike Direction ◽

Directional Variation ◽

Types Of Information ◽

Square Array ◽

Subsurface Resistivity

In this work the square array configuration is studied. As with any four‐electrode measuring configuration, three different resistances can be measured directly and, in particular, by using the square array these resistance values can be used to obtain a measure of the apparent anisotropy: this is the so‐called azimuthal inhomogeneity ratio (AIR). The AIR is used widely to derive information regarding the directional variation of the subsurface resistivity. Similar types of information can be obtained using any collinear array but would need to be used in a crossed mode. This gives an operational advantage to the square array. Here, the AIR and the square α and β apparent resistivities have been calculated for a number of simple subsurface models. Moreover, the apparent resistivity responses for several different linear arrays were calculated to allow useful comparisons. The forward modeling has been carried out via a 2.5-D finite‐element scheme and an existing approach has been modified in order to calculate the potential variations parallel to the strike direction. Here, the use of AIR as a pattern recognition tool is investigated. The AIR anomalies are shown to delineate the edges of the targets successfully, retaining the same pattern when the model was shifted in depth, and indicating a satisfactory resolving ability. The AIR can be used as complementary information to the apparent resistivity measures and can improve the interpretation. However, careful consideration has to be given to the data noise.

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Geologi situs paleolitik das kikim, kabupaten lahat, provinsi sumatra selatan.

KALPATARU ◽

10.24832/kpt.v26i2.273 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Muhammad Fadhlan Syuaib Intan

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Research Method ◽

Field Data ◽

Research Area ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Strike Slip ◽

Survey Analysis ◽

Geological Structures ◽

Geological Information ◽

Surface Geology

Lahat is one of the districts within the province of South Sumatra, the site of research, saving many cultural remains, one of them from the paleolithic period, which for so long received no attention from environmental researchers. This is the basis of the main problems that cover geology in general. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct surface geology mapping in general as an effort to present geological information, while the aim is to know the geomorphological aspects, stratigraphy, geological structures associated with existence in paleolithic sites of research area. The research method begins with literature review, survey, analysis, and interpretation of field data. Environmental observations provide information about the landscape consisting of terrestrial morphology units, weak corrugated morphology units, and strong corrugated morphology units. The rivers are in the Old River, the Adult River, and Periodic /Permanent River. The constituent rocks are Gumai Formation, Benakat Air Formation, Muara Enim Formation, Kasai Formation, and alluvial. The geological structure is a strike slip fault that flows northeast-southeast. The study was conducted on the Kikim River, Lingsing River, and Pangi River, which stretches from east to west with direction from south to north. Exploration in the Kikim Basin, Lahat District has managed to find 30 paleolithic sites.Keywords: Geology, Pleistocene, Paleolithic, Open SiteABSTRAKLahat merupakan salah satu kabupaten dalam Provinsi Sumatra Selatan yang menjadi lokasi penelitian, menyimpan banyak tinggalan budaya, salah satunya dari masa paleolitik, yang sekian lama tak mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti lingkungan. Hal inilah yang dijadikan dasar permasalahan utama yang mencakup geologi secara umum. Oleh sebab itu, maksud penelitian ini dalah untuk melakukan pemetaan geologi permukaan secara umum sebagai salah satu upaya untuk menyajikan informasi geologi, sedangkan tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek geomorfologi, stratigrafi, struktur geologi yang dikaitkan dengan keberadaan di situs-situs paleolitik wilayah penelitian. Metode penelitian diawali dengan kajian pustaka, survei, analisis, dan interpretasi data lapangan. Pengamatan lingkungan memberikan informasi tentang bentang alamnya yang terdiri dari satuan morfologi dataran, satuan morfologi bergelombang lemah, dan satuan morfologi bergelombang kuat. Sungainya berstadia Sungai Tua, Sungai Dewasa-Tua, dan Sungai Periodik/Permanen. Batuan penyusun adalah Formasi Gumai, Formasi Air Benakat, Formasi Muara Enim, Formasi Kasai, dan aluvial. Struktur geologi berupa patahan geser yang berarah timur laut-tenggara. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sungai Kikim, Sungai Lingsing, dan Sungai Pangi, yang membentang dari timur ke barat dengan arah aliran dari selatan ke utara. Eksplorasi di DAS Kikim, Kabupaten Lahat telah berhasil menemukan 30 situs paleolitik. Kata kunci: Geologi, Plistosen, Paleolitik, Situs Terbuka

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The Effect of Glacial Cross-Section on Vertical Resistivity Depth Soundings

Journal of Glaciology ◽

10.3189/s0022143000031798 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 12 (66) ◽

pp. 375-382

Author(s):

R. W. Taylor ◽

R. J. Greenfield

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Field Data ◽

Apparent Resistivity ◽

Ice Thickness ◽

Master Curves ◽

Glacial Ice ◽

Resistivity Measurements ◽

Oriented Parallel ◽

Wenner Array

The determination of glacial ice thickness by vertical resistivity depth soundings relies upon the use of theoretical curves which neglect the effect of valley walls. To improve the utility of glacial resistivity measurements an analytical expression is derived for the apparent resistivity determined by a Wenner array oriented parallel to the strike of a layered trough embedded in a perfectly conducting half space. Numerical evaluation of this expression allows the effects of glacial cross-section to be determined. It is shown that the presence of valley walls and layering within the glacier can strongly effect the determination of total ice thickness, and a criterion for the reliable use of plane-layered master curves in the interpretation of field data is established. An apparent resistivity curve calculated for a layered trough is shown to give an excellent fit to field data published by Röthlisberger and Vögtli (1967).

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