scholarly journals The effectiveness of red ginger extract to decreasemenstrual pain level in adolescent at Al Husna 2 Islamic Boarding School Kediri year 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rochmanita Sandya Afindaningrum ◽  
Rahma Kusuma Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Red Ginger

Dismenorea is menstrual problems that is oftenexperienced adolescent and is caused by the occurence of uterine contractions due to increased prostaglandin. The content of gingerol in ginger red can overcome dysmenorrhoea by blocking prostaglandin. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of red ginger drink to the decline in the level of menstrual pain (in adolescent at Boarding school Al Husna 2 Kediri. Pre-experimental research design used by the approach of one group pretest posttest design. The population of this study was all students who experience dismenorea. Sample of adolescents who experience dismenoreawere 17 people with accidental sampling. The average pain score before treatment was 2.53, after treatment average pain score was 1, 59 based on the description, it shows that there was a decrease in pain scores of 0.94 or 37.1%. Normality test is known that the distribution of data in pain scores before being treated distribution is not normal with a p-value of <0.05 while after treated with distribution data is not normal P <0.05, making the results statistically using the Wilcoxon test showed the value of P = 0.000 (p <α = 0,05). There is an influence of red ginger drink to the decline in the level of menstrual pain (dysmenorrhoea) in adolescent at Boarding school Al Husna 2 Kediri. Respondents are advised to drink red ginger when dysmenorrhoea.

Time Series Analysis of the Pain Diary Data Obtained during the Multicenter Study for Hydroxyurea (MSH) Clinical Trial.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3807-3807 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. McCarthy ◽  
Robert L. Bauserman ◽  
Bruce A. Barton ◽  
Nan Guo ◽  
Samir K. Ballas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Pain Diary ◽  
Diary Data ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Daily Pain

Abstract The Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia (MSH) was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to test whether hydroxyurea could reduce the rate of painful crises in adult patients who had at least three painful crises per year. Daily pain diaries were collected biweekly for 299 MSH patients. Patients rated daily pain on a linear scale 0 through 9. The daily pain data was collected to provide useful information regarding the efficacy of hydroxyurea in reducing the rate of painful crises. The objective of this analysis was to determine if there was an underlying time series pattern associated with the MSH pain diary data, especially one indicative of a calendar or seasonal association. An Unobserved Component Model (UCM) was used to determine, based on empirical data, if there was a cycle and/or trend associated with the time series. The times series started on December 1991 and ended on December 1994. The series was equally spaced and univariate. The equal spacing was a monthly interval. The average pain score for each two- week diary period was used to create each unit of analysis. This analysis considered three groupings of patients: all patients, hydroxyurea patients and placebo patients. The results of the modeling indicated that there was indeed both a cycle and a trend associated with the MSH pain diary data. This is the case for each group of patients considered. All three groups had a cycle pattern that seemed to show a seasonal behavior of average pain scores (the changing of the season seemed to show an approximate transition from trough (Spring) to peak (Fall/Winter) and peak to trough). There was a downward trend in average pain scores for both the all patientsgroup and the hydroxyurea patientsgroup. However, there was an upward trend in average pain score for the placebo patientsgroup. This may reflect the result shown in the MSH Clinical Trial, that HU usage reduced the average pain scores reported by patients.

Evaluation of a novel chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-antagonist in painful diabetic polyneuropathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarkko Kalliomäki ◽  
Bror Jonzon ◽  
Karin Huizar ◽  
Michael O’Malley ◽  
Anita Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Chemokine Receptor ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Ccr2 Antagonist

AbstractBackground and aimsPreclinical data suggest that the chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is involved in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain through modulation of neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission and activation of spinal cord microglia. CCR2-antagonists have shown to be effective in preclinical models of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, safety and tolerability of a novel CCR2-antagonist, AZD2423, in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN).MethodsThis was a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, multi-center study in patients with symmetric distal sensory polyneuropathy due to type 1 or 2 diabetes and duration of neuropathic pain between 3 months and 5 years. Concomitant treatment with neuropathic pain medications (e.g. anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin-noradrenaline uptake inhibitors, opioids, topical lidocaine or capsaicin) was not allowed. 134 patients with PDN were equally randomized to 28 days oral administration of 20 mg AZD2423,150 mg AZD2423, or placebo. The primary efficacy variable was the change of average pain score from 5-days baseline to the last 5 days of treatment, measured with numerical rating scale (NRS, 0–10). The secondary efficacy measures included NRS worst pain scores, patient global impression of change, pain interference on sleep and activity, and neuropathic pain symptom inventory (NPSI).ResultsThe change of NRS average pain score was not significantly different between treatment groups (AZD2423 20mg: –1.50; AZD2423 150 mg: –1.35; placebo: –1.61). The NPSI total score and three out of five subscores (evoked pain, pressing/deep pain and paresthesia/dysesthesia) tended to be reduced more by AZD2423 150 mg than by placebo. No other secondary efficacy variables differed between treatment groups. The frequency and type of adverse events for AZD2423 were similar to placebo. The achieved plasma levels of AZD2423 in the two dose groups were in line with predictions from pharmacokinetic data previously obtained in healthy volunteers. Dose-dependent increase of plasma levels of the ligand of CCR2 (CCL2; chemokine ligand 2) and decrease of the mean levels of monocytes (–27% by AZD2423 150 mg) suggested that the administrated doses of AZD2423 interacted with the CCR2 target.ConclusionThe CCR2-antagonist AZD2423 showed no analgesic efficacy in PDN based on NRS average pain scores and global and functional pain outcome measures. The NPSI data suggested possible effects on certain sensory components of pain. There were no major safety or tolerability concerns.ImplicationsTreatment with a CCR2-antagonist does not have a clinically important analgesic effect in an overall PDN population.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OUTCOMES IN MANAGEMENT OF BREAST ABSCESS BY ULTRASOUND GUIDED NEEDLE ASPIRATION AGAINST INCISION AND DRAINAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu Dayal ◽  
Mohan Lal
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Drainage Group

Background: Breast abscess is a common cause of morbidity in women. While they are less common in developed countries as a result of improved maternal hygiene, nutrition, standard of living and early administration of antibiotics, breast abscess remain a problem among women in developing countries. Methods: Hospital based prospective randomized controlled trial conducted on 100 patients. 50 of them were randomized in the aspiration group and other 50 were treated by incision and drainage. All statistical analysis was done in Epi-info statistical software. Results: In our study, patients in the needle aspiration group had lesser pain as compared to the patients of the incision and drainage group. Average pain score (on visual analogue scale) on day three of patients in the needle aspiration group was 4.22 as compared to 5.72 in the incision and drainage group. On day seven the pain score was 1.73 in the aspiration group and 3.89 in the incision and drainage group. By day fourteen almost all patients (94.00%) of needle aspiration group were pain free and the average pain score in the incision and drainage group was 2.0.Using the chi square test, a p value of 0.0005 was obtained suggesting a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Wherever the facility of ultrasound is available, serial percutaneous needle aspiration may be tried as a first line of therapy. Keywords: Needle aspiration, Incision and drainage, Breast abscess.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Air Rebusan Jahe Merah terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Haid

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Eline Charla Sabatina Bingan
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Uterine Muscle ◽  
Red Ginger ◽  
Boiled Water

The menstrual cycle lasts an average of 28 days. During menstruation some young women will feel menstrual pain, or in medical language called dysmenorrhea which is caused by uterine muscle spasms. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of red ginger boiled water on menstrual pain in female students at the Health Polytechnic of Palangka Raya. This research method uses Pre-experimental research with One Group Control Pretest-Posttest Design study. The population of this research is female students at Poltekkes Palangka Raya and the sample size is 73 respondents with the sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The statistical test used in this study was the Wilcoxon test. The results of the statistical test showed the value of Z = -7.047, which means that giving red ginger drink 7.047 times can help reduce the intensity of pain during menstruation. Statistical test results obtained a p value of 0.001 (p <0.05) meaning that there is an effect of red ginger boiled water on decreasing the intensity of menstrual pain. There is an effect of red ginger boiled water on decreasing the intensity of menstrual pain.

Impact of Postoperative Intravenous Acetaminophen on Opioid Requirements and Pain Scores Following Gynecologic Procedures

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura G. Stoudenmire ◽  
Christy M. Norman ◽  
Erin Z. Latif
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Intravenous Acetaminophen ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Postoperative Administration

Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of postoperative intravenous (IV) acetaminophen on opioid requirements and pain scores in patients following gynecologic procedures. Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing gynecologic procedures was conducted to assess the impact of adding scheduled IV acetaminophen to postoperative analgesic regimens. The control group consisted of patients admitted prior to formulary addition of IV acetaminophen; the study group consisted of patients admitted after formulary addition of IV acetaminophen who received scheduled IV acetaminophen for at least the first 24 hours postoperatively. Opioid requirements 0 to 24 hours postoperatively served as the primary end point. Secondary end points included average pain score, cumulative acetaminophen dose, nonopioid analgesic requirements, and rate of adverse events 0 to 24 hours postoperatively. Results: One hundred and thirty-seven patients who underwent a gynecologic procedure from January 2009 to April 2013 were included in this study. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. In the first 24 hours postoperatively, there was no difference in opioid requirements between the groups (21 mg [interquartile range, IQR, 15-39.8 mg] vs 32.6 mg [IQR, 16.75-41 mg], P = 0.150). The average pain score and incidence of adverse events did not differ between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Postoperative administration of IV acetaminophen did not provide a significant opioid-sparing effect in patients undergoing gynecologic procedures.

A Retrospective Analysis of Gabapentinoid and Opioids to Opioid Monotherapy for Pain Relief in Patients with Chronic Neck and Low Back Pain

Pain Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Nick Knezevic ◽  
Tabish Aijaz ◽  
Alvaro Ortega-Camacho ◽  
Kenneth D Candido
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Opioid Consumption ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Chronic Spinal Pain

Abstract Objective We compared the reduction in pain and opioid consumption in patients with chronic spinal pain on concomitant gabapentinoids and opioids with patients using opioids only. Design This was a retrospective chart review of patients with chronic neck or low back pain who were on opioids with at least 24-month follow-up. Setting Single-center pain clinic in an urban setting. Subjects 167 patients with chronic spinal pain lasting at least 6 months. Method Patients on gabapentin or pregabalin were included in the gabapentinoid group, while the other patients were included in the non-gabapentinoid group. Primary outcome was assessment of pain scores measured via a numeric rating scale (NRS), and secondary outcomes were response to the treatment (&gt;2 point reduction on NRS) and daily opioid use measured in morphine milliequivalents. Results Pain scores were reduced in the first 6 months and plateaued after that in both groups. At the end of 24 months, the average pain score was 6.71 in the gabapentinoid group, while the average pain score was 7.18 in the non-gabapentinoid group. There was no statistical significance between the groups (p = 0.28). There was no difference in response to treatment in gabapentinoid group (33.3%) when compared to non-gabapentinoid group (32.7%). We also failed to find any significant difference in daily opioid usage between the two groups. Conclusion: Gabapentinoids may not lead to reduction in pain or opioid consumption in patients with chronic spinal pain. A careful approach must be adopted while prescribing gabapentinoids in the chronic spinal pain patient population.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Akupresur dan Minuman Jahe terhadap Pengurangan Intensitas Nyeri Haid/Dismenore Pada Remaja Putri

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Indah Dewi Sari ◽  
Utary Dwi Listiarini
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference

Half of the women in Indonesia experience menstrual pain / dysmenorrhoea, 54.89%, experience various disorders including abdominal pain, cramps and back pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acupressure, ginger drink and the difference in giving acupressure and ginger drink to reducing the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea in young women at SMK Swasta PAB 5 Klambir Lima 2020. The design of this study used a quasi-experimental pre and post test with a sample of 30 students who were divided into two groups. Each group was given acupressure and ginger drink in the morning and evening during menstruation from day one to day two. Respondents were assessed for pain before and after the intervention was given. The results of the Shapiro-Wilk normality test contained Sig data (p <0.05). The Wilcoxon test has a p-value of 0.002 (p <0.05), which means that acupressure is effective in reducing the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea, there is a p-value of 0.001 (p <0.05) which means that ginger is effective against reducing pain intensity. menstruation / dysmenorrhea, there is a p-value of 0.034 (p <0.05), which means that there is a difference in the effectiveness of acupressure and ginger drink in reducing the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea. There is an effectiveness of giving acupressure, ginger drink, and there is a difference in giving acupressure and ginger drink on the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea on young women. It is hoped that the school will provide ginger drinks and acupressure measures to young women who experience menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea so that they can participate in learning activities at school.

Acupuncture at BL67 for Mild Postpartum Depression: A Prospective Case Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Bin Tian
Keyword(s):  
Acupuncture Therapy ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Hamd Score ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of acupuncture on mild postpartum depression (PPD). Methods 15 patients diagnosed with PPD were enrolled in the study. Patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria received acupuncture therapy eight times over 4 weeks in the form of two 20-min treatment sessions per week. The treatment site was the BL67 acupuncture point (on the outside of the fifth toenail). After disinfecting the skin on the toes, sterile steel needles were gently inserted into the acupuncture point until the patient started to feel numb or swollen, a sensation known as de qi. Acupuncture was performed by the same doctor using HuanQiu stainless steel needles that were 0.2 mm in diameter and 40 mm in length. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the clinical effects of this therapy. Questionnaires were distributed to patients before therapy and 1 week after therapy and were immediately completed and checked. Results Treatment was associated with symptomatic improvement for all patients who adhered to therapy. The nine patients who completed treatment had an average pain score of 6.66 (SD 0.86); these patients’ average pre-treatment pain score was 10.83 (SD 1.47). Six patients who did not complete treatment had an average pain score of 11.23 (SD 1.48); the average pre-treatment pain score of these patients was 10.5 (SD 2.21). Thus, symptoms did not significantly improve for patients who failed to adhere to the therapy. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to HAMD score before treatment (P=0.363). By contrast, asignificant between-group difference in post-treatment HAMD score was detected (P=0.001). Two patients discontinued treatment due to haemorrhage at the site of needling, and four patients discontinued treatment due to the inconvenience of traffic. There were no significant complications. Conclusion Acupuncture therapy at BL67 may alleviate symptoms of mild PPD, however controlled clinical investigations are required to confirm its efficacy and effectiveness for this condition.

scholarly journals A Pilot Randomised Clinical Trial of 3-In-1 Femoral Nerve Block and Intravenous Morphine as Primary Analgesia for Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Fractured Hip

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Graham ◽  
K Baird ◽  
AC McGuffie
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Femoral Nerve Block ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Block Group ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Median Pain

Background Fractured neck of femur (NOF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Published clinical guidelines suggest early adequate analgesia as a key management aim. The femoral nerve ‘3-in-1 block’ has previously been shown to provide effective analgesia for these patients in the peri- and post-operative phase of care. The aim of this study was to examine the use of the ‘3-in-1’ femoral nerve block as primary analgesia for patients with a fractured NOF presenting to the emergency department. Methods This was a single centre pragmatic randomised controlled open-label trial comparing femoral nerve block (using a ‘3-in-1’ technique) with intravenous (IV) morphine. A convenience sample of patients presenting to the emergency department of a district general hospital with a clinically or radiologically suspected fractured NOF were recruited. They were randomised to receive either 0.1 mg/kg IV bolus of morphine or a ‘3-in-1’ femoral nerve block with 30 ml of 0.5% plain bupivacaine. Visual analogue pain scores were noted prior to treatment and at 30 minutes, 2 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours after treatment. Immediate complications such as vascular puncture or the requirement for naloxone were noted. Results Forty patients were recruited, 22 patients were randomised to IV morphine and 18 patients were randomised to ‘3-in-1’ femoral nerve block. Complete data were available for 33 patients. There was no significant difference in initial median pain score (p=0.45). Analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant decrease in pain score for the morphine group (p=0.01) and the nerve block group (p<0.01) at 30 minutes compared with baseline. Analysis using the Mann-Whitney U test between median pain scores at each time point showed a significant lower pain score in the nerve block group at 30 minutes (p=0.046). There were no immediate complications in either group. Conclusion Our results suggest that a ‘3-in-1’ femoral nerve block is at least as effective as IV morphine when used as primary analgesia for patients with fractured NOF. Our results suggest that the femoral nerve block may provide better analgesia at 30 minutes. Further larger scale randomised trials are warranted.

Survivor pain: Experience at an oncology palliative care clinic.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 260-260
Author(s):  
Cristian Zanartu ◽  
Lisa Emond ◽  
Ann Wojtaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
Opioid Medications

260 Background: As of January 2014 there are an estimated 14.5 million cancer survivors in the United States. In observational studies of cancer survivors up to 40% report chronic pain. Opioids remain an important and effective treatment for active cancer pain. For survivors, however, we must take into account the paucity of data supporting long term benefits of opioids on pain and functional outcomes, and extensive evidence of potential harms. We present data from our palliative care clinic where we have established a nuanced approach to pain management in this population, which includes risk mitigation, consistent education, emphasis on non-pharmacological and non-opiate medications, and attempts to down-taper opioid analgesics when feasible. Methods: Retrospective, observational chart review of 62 patients identified as cancer survivors, who have been managed for pain, at an academically affiliated palliative care clinic embedded in the oncology department. Demographic information, baseline and latest visit pain scores and functional assessments, as well as pain regimen data were collected. Means for pain and functionality scores were compared for those patient’s with differing opioid regimens and nonpharmacological treatments. Results: Of the 62 patients reviewed, 48 were tapered off opioid medication. In the patients who were tapered off opioid medications, 8 (16%) showed an increase in average pain scores, 11 (22%) showed no change in average pain scores, and 29 (60%) showed improvement in average pain score. Conclusions: In 82% of the patients whose opioid medications were decreased, average pain scores either remained the same or actually improved over time. This is encouraging data to support the theory that decreasing opioids in cancer survivors does not worsen pain control in the majority of that population.

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