scholarly journals Gluten-free diet for neurological and psychiatric diseases: is it worth expecting an effect?

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Y. A. Dmitrieva ◽  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
E. R. Radchenko ◽  
E. A. Doroshina
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Objective Evidence

Gluten represents an alcohol- soluble fraction of endosperm proteins of some cereals (wheat, rye, barley). The molecular characteristics of gluten, in particular, the high content of proline in the composition, determines its high resistance to human gastric, pancreatic and intestinal enzymes. Accordingly, gluten peptides retain their immunogenicity when they enter the internal environment of the body, which determines their ability to activate both the innate and adaptive immune response, and maintain pathological immune- mediated reactions that underlie the complex of gluten- associated diseases and pathological conditions. The question of how gluten consumption may be associated with various neurological disorders continues to be discussed. Despite the lack of sufficient objective evidence, the peculiarities of gliadin metabolism suggest the possibility of an association between the consumption of gluten- containing products with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.. Of particular interest is the efficacy of gluten-free diet in the complex therapy of such diseases as autism, schizophrenia, as well as some neurological disorders, including chronic fatigue syndrome, various cognitive impairments, depression, etc. The article presents a number of research results, as well as discusses the potential mechanisms of the neurotropic action of gluten. The article discusses the potential metabolic and immunological mechanisms of the neurotropic action of gluten, analyzes the literature data regarding the effectiveness of a gluten-free diet in various neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Neurological disorders associated with gluten sensitivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
D A Degterev ◽  
I V Damulin ◽  
A I Parfenov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Gluten Sensitivity ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Gluten Ataxia

The review considers the pathogenetic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of neurological disorders associated with gluten sensitivity. Gluten ataxia and polyneuropathy are most common. The clinical features of neurological disorders in patients with gluten sensitivity and the effects of a gluten-free diet are described.

scholarly journals Store-Operated Calcium Channels in Physiological and Pathological States of the Nervous System

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isis Zhang ◽  
Huijuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Store Operated Calcium Entry ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Molecular Components

Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) are widely expressed in excitatory and non-excitatory cells where they mediate significant store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), an important pathway for calcium signaling throughout the body. While the activity of SOCs has been well studied in non-excitable cells, attention has turned to their role in neurons and glia in recent years. In particular, the role of SOCs in the nervous system has been extensively investigated, with links to their dysregulation found in a wide variety of neurological diseases from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to pain. In this review, we provide an overview of their molecular components, expression, and physiological role in the nervous system and describe how the dysregulation of those roles could potentially lead to various neurological disorders. Although further studies are still needed to understand how SOCs are activated under physiological conditions and how they are linked to pathological states, growing evidence indicates that SOCs are important players in neurological disorders and could be potential new targets for therapies. While the role of SOCE in the nervous system continues to be multifaceted and controversial, the study of SOCs provides a potentially fruitful avenue into better understanding the nervous system and its pathologies.

scholarly journals Equilibrium disorders in elderly: diagnostic classification and differential diagnosis

2013 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Alessandro Castiglione ◽  
Claudia Aimoni ◽  
Giovanni Scanelli
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Classification ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Background: Balance is primarily related to the proper functioning of three sensory input: vestibular, visual and proprioceptive. The integration of these different afferences contributes to the proper attitude of the body in static and dynamic conditions. Equilibrium disorders are common among elderly patients and are responsible for falls and fractures, leading sometimes to catastrophic outcomes, representing a serious health and social problem. Approximately one third of elderly patients at home and about 50% of institutionalized, over 75 year-old, suffer from this particular condition, with at least one fall a year and almost 50% of these with recurrent episodes. Females are more affected than males. Attempts to ascertain the underlying cause of unbalance should be done, leading then to specific treatment. Nevertheless, many elderly patients do not have a single disease but rather a multitude of medical conditions which may cause dizziness, imbalance and vertigo: effects of ageing, drugs, cardiovascular and neurological disorders, ocular and orthopaedic diseases. Aim of the study: A literature review was carried out with the intention to offer practical and useful notions for the management and treatment of equilibrium disorders. Discussion: In clinical practice, the main challenge is to distinguish between peripheral and central imbalance disorders. The data collected from history and clinical exams should be integrated with the intent to include the patient in one of the following clinical conditions: vertiginous syndrome, pre-syncope and/or syncope, neurological diseases, other conditions.Conclusions: Following the differential diagnosis, treatment mainly consists in drug administration (antiemetic and vestibular suppressor drugs) and vestibular rehabilitation (physiotherapy and vestibular exercises).

scholarly journals Microglia and astrocyte involvement in neurodegeneration and brain cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur A. Vandenbark ◽  
Halina Offner ◽  
Szymon Matejuk ◽  
Agata Matejuk
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Frontotemporal Lobar Dementia

AbstractThe brain is unique and the most complex organ of the body, containing neurons and several types of glial cells of different origins and properties that protect and ensure normal brain structure and function. Neurological disorders are the result of a failure of the nervous system multifaceted cellular networks. Although great progress has been made in the understanding of glia involvement in neuropathology, therapeutic outcomes are still not satisfactory. Here, we discuss recent perspectives on the role of microglia and astrocytes in neurological disorders, including the two most common neurodegenerative conditions, Alzheimer disease and progranulin-related frontotemporal lobar dementia, as well as astrocytoma brain tumors. We emphasize key factors of microglia and astrocytic biology such as the highly heterogeneic glial nature strongly dependent on the environment, genetic factors that predispose to certain pathologies and glia senescence that inevitably changes the CNS landscape. Our understanding of diverse glial contributions to neurological diseases can lead advances in glial biology and their functional recovery after CNS malfunction.

scholarly journals GLUTEN-FREE DIET IN NON-CELIAC ATHLETES - BENEFITS AND POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Bjelaković ◽  
Milovan Bratić ◽  
Saša Pantelić ◽  
Nebojša Ranđelović ◽  
Ana Lilić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Gluten Sensitivity ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Intestinal Symptoms

The aim of this paper is to present the latest scientific data related to a gluten-free diet, the justification of the introduction of a diet, the advantages and disadvantages of this dietary approach in the population of athletes. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity, previously defined as gluten sensitivity, is a relatively new clinical entity first defined in 2011. This disorder is characterized by intestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation) and extra intestinal symptoms such as headache, chronic fatigue, impaired concentration or “brain fog”, numbness and muscle or bone pain are frequently reported. Since most of the symptoms are subjective without accompanying clinical signs, and since no specific biomarker for diagnostics exists in clinical practice, there is always a dilemma whether this is really a health problem. A gluten-free diet has become popular among athletes due to the opinion that it has ergogenic effects. It should also be borne in mind that the introduction of a gluten-free diet has its drawbacks. Several studies suggest that a gluten-free diet is deficient in whole grains, dietary fiber, micronutrients and minerals. The data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study indicate the existence of higher concentrations of heavy metals in urine and blood samples taken from people following a gluten-free diet as a result of narrowed food choices. These data remind us to keep in mind the justification of the introduction of a gluten-free diet and the potential damage to health when observed adherence to this pattern of nutrition in the long run.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Composition and a Gluten Free Diet in Children with Celiac Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Więch ◽  
Zdzisława Chmiel ◽  
Dariusz Bazaliński ◽  
Izabela Sałacińska ◽  
Anna Bartosiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Impact

The primary and proven therapy, in cases of celiac disease (CD), is a rigorous gluten-free diet (GFD). However, there are reports of its negative effects in the form of nutritional deficiencies, obesity, and adverse changes in body composition. The study aimed to assess the impact of a GFD on the body composition of children with CD. In a case-controlled study (n = 41; mean age 10.81 y; SD = 3.96) children with CD, in various stages of treatment, underwent medical assessment. The control group consisted of healthy children and adolescents, strictly matched for gender and age in a 1:1 case-control manner. More than half of the examined children (n = 26) followed a GFD. CD children had significantly higher mean values of the fat free mass (FFM% = 80.68 vs. 76.66, p = 0.015), and total body water (TBW% = 65.22 vs. 60.47, p = 0.012), and lower mean values of the fat mass (FM% = 19.32 vs. 23.34, p = 0.015). Children who were on a GFD presented slightly higher, but not statistically significant, mean values of FM and FFM, than children who did not follow dietary recommendations (FM [kg] = 7.48 vs. 5.24, p = 0.064; FM% = 20.81 vs. 16.73, p = 0.087; FFM [kg] = 28.19 vs. 22.62, p = 0.110). After minimum one year of a GFD, CD children showed significantly higher values of FFM [kg] (p = 0.001), muscle mass (MM) [kg] (p < 0.001), TBW [L] (p < 0.001) and body cell mass (BCM) [kg] (p < 0.001). Furthermore, CD children who were on a GFD presented a significantly higher increase in weight (p = 0.034) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.021). The children adhering to a GFD demonstrate a tendency towards higher indices of selected body composition components.

scholarly journals Celiac Male’s Gluten-Free Diet Profile: Comparison to that of the Control Population and Celiac Women

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teba González ◽  
Idoia Larretxi ◽  
Juan Vitoria ◽  
Luis Castaño ◽  
Edurne Simón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Macronutrient Distribution

The aim of the present work was to analyze the body composition and dietary profile of Spanish celiac men and to compare them to control men and celiac women from our previous studies. Forty-two celiac men (31.5 ± 11.9 years) were recruited and anthropometric measurements were taken. Analysis of energy consumption, macro- and micronutrient intake and food frequency consumption was carried out. Celiac men were more overweight and obese than celiac women, but less than the control population, reporting the same energy intake and macronutrient distribution. Most micronutrient deficiencies in celiac men were not directly related to a gluten free diet; these were also observed for the entire population. The least adherence to Dietary Reference Intakes in women was reported for iron, iodine, potassium and selenium, whereas magnesium intake was higher than in men. Among celiac participants (both genders), cereal, vegetable and legume consumption was poor and meat intake was contrastingly excessive. In conclusion, the dietary profile of celiac men is as unbalanced as that of control men but slightly more than that of celiac women. General nutritional education should be given to both general and celiac populations, and specific advices to celiac men, in order to decrease the risk of celiac disease-related pathologies.

scholarly journals STEM CELLS THERAPY IN HUMAN WELFARE AND DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
Ravi Prakash ◽  
Santosh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Syed Shadab Raza
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Developmental Issues ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Stem Cells Therapy

The study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) drew international healthcare community's attention to the burden of neurological disorders and many other chronic conditions. This study highlighted that the burden of neurological disorders was seriously underrated by traditional epidemiological and health statistical methods that prefer only mortality rates but not disability rates. There has recently been a great deal of interest in stem cells and the nervous system, in terms of their potential for deciphering developmental issues as well as their therapeutic potential. With the advancement in cell culture, isolation techniques, and molecular analyses, various types of stem cells have now been broadly classified, isolated, and characterized from different parts of the body, even from brain and heart. The concept of stem cell-based therapy provided new hope for the treatment of neurological diseases. In this review we will discuss about ongoing stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative disease.

scholarly journals Gluten migraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-1) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
S. V. Kopishinskaya ◽  
A. V. Gustov ◽  
A. A. Repin ◽  
I. S. Bidnaya ◽  
O. A. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Serum Igg

Coeliac disease (CD) has been associated with various neurological disorders, the most common being neuropathy, ataxia and migraine. The aims of the present study were to assess the following: 1) the prevalence of migraine in patients affected by CD and 2) the effects of a gluten free diet in CD patients with migraine. 376 patients with CD had direct interviews and full physical and neurological examinations. The diagnosis of migraine was based on criteria of the IHS in 1988. The diagnosis of CD was confirmed endoscopically and by serum IgG antitransglutaminase (TgA) and IgA antiendomysia (EmA). Control group consisted of 234 patients suffering from reflux-esophagitis. The diagnosis was confirmed endoscopically. A gluten free diet was started in the patients diagnosed with CD associated with migraine, who were followed for 6 months. Migraine occurred in 161 (43%) of the 376 patients studied and in 25 (11%) of the 234 control group patients. An increased prevalence of migraine was observed in the coeliac patients. A gluten free diet may lead to an inprovement in the migraine in these patients.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Composition and a Gluten Free Diet in Children with Celiac Disease 

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Więch ◽  
Zdzisława Chmiel ◽  
Dariusz Bazaliński ◽  
Izabela Sałacińska ◽  
Anna Bartosiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Impact

The primary and proven therapy, in cases of celiac disease (CD), is a rigorous gluten-free diet. However, there are reports of its negative effects in the form of nutritional deficiencies, obesity and adverse changes in body composition. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of a gluten free diet (GFD) on the body composition of children with CD. In a case-controlled study (n = 41; mean age 10.81 y; SD = 3.96) children with CD, in various stages of treatment, underwent medical assessment. The control group consisted of healthy children and adolescents, strictly matched for gender and age in a 1:1 case-control manner. More than half of the examined children (n = 26) followed a GFD. CD children had significantly higher mean values of the fat free mass (FFM% = 80.68 vs. 76.66, p = 0.015), and total body water (TBW% = 65.22 vs. 60.47, p = 0.012), and lower mean values of the fat mass (FM% = 19.32 vs. 23.34, p = 0.015). Children who were on a GFD presented slightly higher, but not statistically significant, mean values of FM and FFM, than children who did not follow dietary recommendations (FM [kg] = 7.48 vs. 5.24, p = 0.064; FM% = 20.81 vs. 16.73, p = 0.087; FFM [kg] = 28.19 vs. 22.62, p = 0.110). After minimum one year of a GFD, CD children showed significantly higher values of FFM [kg] (p = 0.001), MM [kg] (p &lt; 0.001), TBW [L] (p &lt; 0.001) and BCM [kg] (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, CD children who were on a GFD presented significantly higher weight (p = 0.034) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.021) increase. The children adhering to a GFD demonstrate a tendency towards higher indices of selected body composition components.

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