scholarly journals PHYTO-NUTRITIONAL PROFILES OF BROOM WEED (SIDA ACUTA) LEAF EXTRACT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Shittu, M. D ◽  
Alagbe, J.O
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Β Carotene

Medicinal plants are abundant in phytochemicals that has significant therapeutic effects. They are relatively cheap, effective and safe in prolong use. This experiment was carried out to investigate the phyto-nutritional profile of broom weed (Sida acuta) leaf extract. Proximate analysis Sida acuta leaf indicated the presence of dry matter (91.88 %), crude protein (18.01 %), ash (9.73 %), crude fibre (6.24 %), ether extract (1.77 %) and energy (2760 Kcal/kg). Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, oxalate, phytate, alkaloids, terpenoids and glycosides at 0.82 %, 2.02 %, 4.25 %, 0.20 %, 0.17 %, 0.05 %, 0.23 %, 0.22 %, 0.95 % and 0.02 % respectively and the vitamin constituents are thiamine (0.33 mg/100g), ascorbic acid (30.17 mg/100g), riboflavin (0.05 mg/100g), β-carotene (0.79 mg/100g) and niacin (0.41 mg/100g). Mineral analysis showed that it contained calcium (127.6 mg/100g), phosphorus (78.6 mg/100g), potassium (31.6 mg/100g), magnesium (102.1 mg/100g), iron (2.14 mg/100g), manganese (0.60 mg/100g), copper (0.04 mg/100g) and zinc (1.75 mg/100g). Result on amino acid composition showed that they contained lysine (2.11 mg/100g), arginine (1.77 mg/100g), aspartic acid (2.13 mg/100g), threonine (1.85 mg/100g), histidine (4.71 mg/100g), serine (2.03 mg/100g), glycine (1.05 mg/100g), alanine (3.31 mg/100g), cystine (5.06 mg/100g), valine (0.88 mg/100g), leucine (2.04 mg/100g), phenyalanine (4.72 mg/100g), tyrosine (3.51 mg/100g), isoleucine (2.84 mg/100g), methionine (0.85 mg/100g) and proline (1.05 mg/100g). It was concluded that  Sida acuta leaf extract is rich in various nutrients and phytochemicals conferring it the ability to perform multiple biological activities and as a natural alternative to antibiotics. 

scholarly journals Determination of Nutritional Composition of Ackee’s Apple Blighia sapida and Monkey Kola Cola millenii

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Oyetade Joshua Akinropo ◽  
Bello Lukman Abidemi ◽  
Adesiyan Blessing Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fruit Samples

The proximate analysis of the fruit sample that homogenously sampled from the wild was taken and quartered to get appreciable weight fit for analysis. Due to it perishable nature the quartered sample for each of the fruit was stored in an air tight container and kept in the refrigerator at a temperature of about 4°C. For the determination of the nutritional composition, parameters which include their proximate, minerals, and vitamin C were quantitatively determined while the anti-nutrient composition were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Compared to ackee’s apple, monkey cola was found to consist of 64.41% moisture content, 1.69% ash, 10.21% crude fibre, 1.25% crude fat, 4.44% crude fibre, 18.06% carbohydrates while ackee’s apple consist of 73.21% moisture, 1.49% ash, 9.38 % crude protein, 13.98% crude fat, 2.08% crude fibre, 0.86% carbohydrates and 4.45% of vitamin C. The mineral analysis for both samples was quantitatively determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The minerals determined for ackee’s apple and monkey cola were magnesium which was 1391.65 ppm, calcium 628.23 ppm, sodium 506.96 ppm, potassium 3976.14 ppm, iron 1.0 ppm, copper 5.00, zinc 4.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 2616.90 ppm the iron however, was not detected. Ackee’s apple on the other hand, consist of magnesium 498.01 ppm, calcium 478.56 ppm, sodium 398.80 ppm, potassium 4970.18 ppm, copper 2.00, zinc 5.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 373.84 ppm. The qualitative screening of the anti-nutrients revealed the absence of phenol from both fruit samples while tannins were present only in the monkey cola. The flavonoids, phytic acid and oxalate were quantitatively determined to be 1240 mg, 625 mg and 155 mg for Monkey kola and 640 mg, 340 mg and 65 mg for Ackee’s apple.

scholarly journals Nutritional Qualities of Ginger Mutant Lines Grown in the Humid Tropical Agroecology of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
M. N. Abua ◽  
M. A. Ittah ◽  
E. E. Obok ◽  
G. A. Iwo ◽  
R. E. Edugbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Mutant Lines

The present study was aimed to determine the variations in nutritional qualities of 15 mutant lines and two landraces of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Fifteen (15) gamma (γ)-ray induced mutants lines and two landraces of ginger were planted in 2017 early cropping season in the Teaching and Research Farm, Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife Resources Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. To evaluate the nutritional qualities of these seventeen ginger genotypes at maturity, proximate analysis was carried out in the Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Root Crop Research Institute Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. Using standard and official protocols of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Results showed that the ginger lines varied significantly (P < 0.01) in all their proximate attributes. The moisture content ranged from 10.13% (UG1) to 12.95% (UG2). Mean dry matter was 88.89%; UG1 and UG2 had the highest (89.89%) and lowest (87.05%) dry matter content, respectively. Mean crude protein was 7.74%; UG2-9-01 and UG2-11-03 had the highest (8.25%) and lowest (7.29%) crude protein respectively. UG1-5-38 and UG1-5-22 had the highest (8.12%) and lowest (6.41%) crude fibre content respectively. The oleoresin content ranged from (6.25%) in UG2-9-01 to (9.09%) in UG1-11-07. UG1-5-04 and UG1-5-22 had the highest (2.88%) and lowest (2.22%) ash content respectively. UG2-9-01 had the highest carbohydrate content of (65.10%). While UG1-5-52 had the lowest (61.27%) The result showed that the ginger lines used in this study had high mean carbohydrate (62.85%) and protein (7.74%) contents as such can be used as supplementary sources of these nutrients for human and livestock. UG1-7-24, UG1-11-07 and UG1-5-18 with high oleoresin contents of 9.11%, 9.09% and 9.05% respectively are recommended to ginger breeders as useful genotypes for improving other ginger lines through micropropagation techniques especially when breeding for oleoresin quality, which is an important quality of ginger. In conclusion, further evaluation and testing of these ginger lines is recommended.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis on the Phytochemical, Proximate and Mineral Composition of the Seeds and Peels of Lime

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Uzama ◽  
S. C. Okolo ◽  
R. U. Okoh-Esene ◽  
A. B. Adebiyi ◽  
A.T. Orishadipe
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

Comparative Analysis on the Phytochemical, proximate and mineral composition of the seeds and peels of lime was carried out. The phytochemical, and proximate screenings were carried out using standard methods. The mineral analysis was carried out by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The proximate analysis revealed that the seeds contain Moisture 8.20%, Ash 12.09%,Crude fat 8.50%,Crude Protein 1.93%,Crude fibre 20.71%, and Carbohydrate 48.58% while the peels contain Moisture10.60%, Ash 15.27%, Crude fat14.67%, Crude Protein 2.30%, Crude fibre23.36% and Carbohydrate 33.80%.The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and volatile oils in both the seeds and peels of the lime. In addition, the seeds contain steroids, while the peels contain tannins, balsams and anthraquinone. The mineral analysis revealed that the seeds contains Ni(0.17mg/100g),Pb(0.01mg/100g),Mn (0.20mg/100g),Zn(0.57mg/100g)Cr(0.17mg/100g),Mg(9.02mg/100g),Ca(27.02mg/100g),Cd(0.01mg/100g), Fe(2.55mg/100g) and Cu(4.81mg/100g) while the peels contain Ni(0.15mg/100g),Pd(0.21mg/100g),Mn(0,21mg/100g),Zn(0.23mg/100g),Cr(0.13mg/100g),Mg(7.61mg/100g),Ca(100.22mg/100g),Cd(0.01mg/100g),Fe(1.67mg/100g) and Cu(0.21mg/100g).The lime seeds and peels can serve as potential sources of drugs and nutrition with the seeds having higher concentration of minerals. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Qualities of Grewia forbesii Hav. Ex Mast and Grewia bicolor Juss Fruits from Kitapilimwa Forest Reserve in Iringa District

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1436-1441
Author(s):  
Vendeline E. Tairo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Total Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Low Levels

The Grewia forbesii and Grewia bicolor fruits were collected from Kitapilimwa Forest Reserve and were analysed for proximate, nutrients and anti-nutrients compositions. Results showed low moisture contents in G. forbesii and G. bicolor amounting to 14.14 and 13.98 percent, respectively. Crude fibre percent was slightly higher in G. bicolor (33.15%) than G. forbesii (31.95%). Lipid content was slightly higher in G. bicolor (1.37%) compared to G. forbesii (1.28%). The crude protein content of G. forbesii (7.44%) was slightly higher than G. bicolor (7.00%). Total carbohydrate content of G. forbesii (68.9%) was higher than that of G. bicolor (70%). Mineral analysis indicated substantial amounts of potassium 898 mg/100 g in G. forbesii and 879 mg/100 g in G. bicolor. Calcium content was high in G. forbesii and G. bicolor amounting to 453 mg/100 g and 582 mg/100 g, respectively. Iron was high in both species (20.73–24.45 mg/100 g). Manganese, copper and zinc were substantially low. The results revealed low levels of tannin (< 1.7%) and phylates (< 0.3%). The presence of substantial amounts of nutrients and low anti-nutrients revealed that the studied species may be potential sources of nutritional food. Keywords: Proximate analysis, mineral nutrients, anti-nutritional qualities, Grewia species, Kitapilimwa Forest Reserve

scholarly journals Effect of Storage on the Nutritional Composition and Mycoflora of Sphenostylis stenocarpa Stored for Twenty Weeks

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Dayo Fagbohun ◽  
Fakiyesi Ifeoluwa Samuel ◽  
Ayodeji Segun Ogundahunsi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Sphenostylis Stenocarpa

The nutritional and mycoflora changes in dried African yam beans (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) were investigated during a storage period of twenty weeks. The result of the proximate analysis (g/100 g) showed that the following moisture content decreased from 11.15-9.80, fat 1.25-0.49, crude fibre 6.18-2.64, crude protein 77.92-62.14 while the ash content increased from 3.20-3.78, carbohydrate content 0.36-18.32. The mineral analysis (mg/100 g) showed a decrease in all parameters investigated, sodium (Na) 2.57-1.35, potassium (K) 42.26-31.75, calcium (Ca) 21.45-12.56, magnesium (Mg) 27.75-20.72, iron (Fe) 0.25-0.12, zinc (Zn) 0.06-0.05, copper (Cu) 0.03-0.03, phosphorus (P) 32.08-22.03, manganese (Mn) 0.11-0.06, chromium (Cr) 0.002-0.001. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) were not detected. Five fungi comprising four genera were isolated using direct plating, washing and dilution methods on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), and identified using their cultural and morphological features with reference to standard procedures. The fungi isolated were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp., Mucor sp. and Phytophthora palmivora. It can be concluded that storage encourages proliferation of mycoflora thereby leading to reduction in the nutritional and mineral composition of the stored sample.

scholarly journals Nutrition Evaluation of Faidherbia albida Seeds and Pulp as Source of Feeds for Livestock

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Hassan L. G. ◽  
◽  
Kabiru J Umar ◽  
Yuguda H
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Faidherbia Albida ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Acacia Albida

The present study was conducted to find out the nutritional values of Faidherbia albida (Acacia albida) seeds and pulp to be used as components in livestock feeds. The samples were randomly collected from various trees during the period of January to February. The samples were separated, milled and analysed for proximate components and mineral elements using standard methods of the AOAC. Proximate analysis results showed that the concentrations of tested parameters in the seed and the pulp respectively on % dry matter were: dry matter (90.0 + 0.4; 93.3 + 0.2), ash (3.3 + 0.1; 6.7 + 0.1), crude protein (20.6 + 1.2; 19.5 + 0.4), crude lipid (13.3 + 0.1; 3.3 + 0.1), crude fibre (6.7 + 0.1; 13.3 + 0.2), and available carbohydrate (46.1 + 0.1; 50.53 + 0.7). The results indicated that the contents of dry matter, ash, crude fibre and available carbohydrate were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the pulp compared to the seed while the crude lipid values, however, were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in seeds compared to pulp. Crude protein values did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between treatment means of seeds and pulp. The estimated energy value was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the seed (1,682 kJ/100g) compared to pulp (1,363kJ/100g). The results for the mineral analysis indicate that the seeds and pulp contain appreciable concentrations (mg/100g) of Ca (136.6 + 5.0; 55.0 + 5.0); Mg (135.0 + 2.0 + 5.0; 84.7 + 3.0); P (26.6 + 0.9; 29.6 + 0.7); K (144.5 + 0.2; 88.8 + 0.1); Na (12.5 + 0.1; 6.8 + 0.1); Fe (6.2 + 0.2; 8.8 + 0.3); Cu (5.8 + 0.1; 2.5 + 0.1) and Zn (8.0 + 0.1; 3.0 + 0.1). Mineral elements in seed are significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to that of pulp in most cases. From the results it can be inferred that the seed and pulp of F. albida could be an important source of feed ingredient for livestock if properly harnessed.

scholarly journals Proximate, phytochemical screening and mineral analysis of Crescentia cujete L. leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musbau B. Olaniyi ◽  
Ibraheem O. Lawal ◽  
Aishat A. Olaniyi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Crescentia Cujete ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Background: One of the uses of Crescentia cujete leaves is in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which necessitated the evaluation of its chemical composition.Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical composition of C. cujete leaves.Setting: Fresh, mature leaves were harvested from the Herbal Garden, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Jericho Hill, Ibadan, Nigeria. The plant samples were identified at Forest Herbarium, Ibadan, Nigeria, sorted to eliminate extraneous matter and then air-dried on a cabinet dryer for five days at ambient temperature and oven-dried at 40°C for five minutes. The dried leaves were milled to powder using a medium-sized milling machine and stored in an air-tight container until needed for analysis.Methods: The proximate composition, phytochemical screening and mineral analysis were determined using standard analytic methods. Minerals such as iron, zinc, calcium, manganese and magnesium were determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer; sodium and potassium by the flame photometer and phosphorus by the spectrophotometer.Results: The proximate analysis results revealed that the samples contained carbohydrate (40.46%), crude protein (16.15%), crude fibre (19.71%), crude fat (2.91%), ash (9.77%) and moisture (11.03%), while the phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones and flavonoids. The mineral compositions (mg/g) decreased in the order Ca (6.0) > K (5.0) > Mg (2.2) > P (1.5) > Na (0.2) > Fe = Zn (0.6) > Cu = Mn (0.03).Conclusion: These results conceivably indicate that C. cujete is a good source of essential minerals and phyto-nutrients which possess strong pharmacological activities, providing scientific credence for its therapeutic usage in folklore medicine.

scholarly journals Chemical analysis of fodder tree leaves found in Sunsari district, Nepal

BIBECHANA ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
TN Mandal ◽  
TP Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Fodder Trees ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Fodder Quality

Altogether 55 fodder trees were collected with their local information from Sunsari district, Nepal. Among them, the leaves of 19 fodder trees were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, N-free extract, total ash and mineral contents (K, Ca, and P). Regarding fodder quality, local information and chemical composition do not match for all plants. On the basis of chemical composition 12 fodder trees were recognized as good fodders. On the basis of both local information and chemical composition following trees were assessed as very good fodders: Artocarpus heterophyllus, Bauhinia variegata, Ficus cunia, F. glomerata and F. lacor. Keywords: Tree fodders; Farmers’ assessment; Proximate analysis; Nutrient contents DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5701 BIBECHANA 2012; 8: 131-138

scholarly journals Proximate and mineral analysis of delonix regia leaves and roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Alagbe, J.O ◽  
Adeoye, Adekemi ◽  
Oluwatobi, A.O
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

Medicinal plants serves as therapeutic agents as well as raw materials for the manufacture of modern medicines due to the presence bioactive chemicals (phytochemicals) and nutrients (protein, carbohydrates, fats, amino acids etc.). Among the potential medicinal plants is Delonix regia, therefore this study was carried out to determine the proximate and mineral composition in the plant (leaf and root). The result on proximate analysis of Delonix regia leaf (DRL) showed that it contained moisture (8.10 %), dry matter (91.90 %), crude protein (18.77 %), crude fibre (9.85 %), ether extract (1.33 %), ash (5.21 %), nitrogen free extract (56.74 %), carbohydrates (78.54 %) and energy (1703.5 kj/100 g) while Delonix regia root (DSR) contained moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, ash, nitrogen free extract, carbohydrates and energy at 9.60 %, 90.40 %, 10.63 %, 7.44 %, 2.71 %, 9.30 %, 60.32 %, 90.18 % and 1814 kj/100g respectively. Mineral analysis showed that DSR contained higher concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, magnesium, sodium, copper, iron and cobalt at 95.43 mg/100g, 40.77 mg/100g, 100.4 mg/100g, 7.21 mg/100g, 14.21 mg/100g, 41.22 mg/100g, 10.2 mg/100g, 1.10 mg/100g and 0.05 mg/100g relative to calcium (77.31 mg/100g), phosphorus (40.35 mg/100g), potassium (51.60 mg/100g), zinc (3.21 mg/100g), magnesium (10.35 mg/100g), sodium (33.18 mg/100g), copper (7.35 mg/100g) and iron (1.89 mg/100g) established in DRL. It was concluded that DRL and DSR contains various nutrients and phytochemicals that produce definite physiological action on the body of animals.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Proximate and Mineral Analysis of Different Parts of Senna Alata Linn

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Okeke U.C. ◽  
Okeke N.P. ◽  
Orji N.M. ◽  
Mbaukwu A.O. ◽  
Iroka F.C.
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Senna Alata ◽  
Potassium Magnesium ◽  
Iron And Calcium ◽  
Different Parts

This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical and proximate composition of the flowers, leaves, stem and root of Senna alata. The phytochemical analysis result revealed that saponin was highest in the leaf (4.13±0.035), flavonoid was higher in the stem (6.63±0.064) while anthraquinone was highest in the root (4.52±0.438). The result of the proximate analysis showed that carbohydrate was higher in the leaf (33.81±0.827), root (50.52±1.945) and flower (55.67±0.021). The result of the mineral composition showed that the leaf, root, flower and stem extract of S. alata were higher in potassium (779.01±0.276, 556.39±0.198, 1121.85±0.141, and 246.29±0.042). The results obtained from this research revealed that the leaves, roots, flowers and stem of Senna alata Linn were rich in crude fibre, crude protein, carbohydrate, potassium, magnesium, iron and calcium. That is, well-processed parts of Senna alata may improve the health status of livestock.

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