scholarly journals Three Voices in the Wake of an Earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Luis Solis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Juan Rulfo ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Fair Share ◽  
Jose Emilio Pacheco ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Manuel Gutierrez Najera ◽  
History Of

Like practically every single country, Mexico has had its fair share of pain and trauma. Bloodshed and utter devastation are rife in Mexico’s modern history. To civil wars and —in recent years— drug-related violence, one has to add the destruction and horror caused by earthquakes. The seism that devastated Mexico City on the 19th of September was the most destructive and painful in living memory. As an uncanny coincidence, also on the 19th of September, but in 2017, another earthquake hit the capital. Perhaps not surprisingly, Mexican novelists and poets have written profusely about their country’s long history of seismic destruction. Poet and journalist Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera —who ushered Mexican letters into Modernism— chronicled the earthquake of the 2nd of November 1894. For his part, Juan Rulfo — arguably Mexico’s most important fiction writer of the twentieth century— penned the “The Day of the Earthquake”, included in his collection of short stories The Plain in Flames, published in 1953. Rulfo uses a natural disaster and its toll as a metaphor for the unbridgeable gap between the political elites and the dispossessed. Finally, José Emilio Pacheco published a series of poems on the 1985 earthquake, the aftermath of which was felt not only in terms of human suffering, but also as a watershed event that ultimately resulted in social and political upheaval. An idiosyncratic brand of humour, trenchant criticism, and a sense of the ineffable before the enormity of utter devastation are some of the ways three of Mexico’s best poets and writers have found to cope with catastrophe and trauma.

scholarly journals Returning urban political elites to the research agenda: the case of the Southern Low Countries (c. 1350 – c. 1550)

Urban History ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-588
Author(s):  
Frederik Buylaert ◽  
Jelten Baguet ◽  
Janna Everaert
Keyword(s):  
Special Section ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

AbstractThis article provides a comparative analysis of four large towns in the Southern Low Countries between c. 1350 and c. 1550. Combining the data on Ghent, Bruges and Antwerp – each of which is discussed in greater detail in the articles in this special section – with recent research on Bruges, the authors argue against the historiographical trend in which the political history of late medieval towns is supposedly dominated by a trend towards oligarchy. Rather than a closure of the ruling class, the four towns show a high turnover in the social composition of the political elite, and a consistent trend towards aristocracy, in which an increasingly large number of aldermen enjoyed noble status. The intensity of these trends differed from town to town, and was tied to different institutional configurations as well as different economic and political developments in each of the four towns.

The Tales of Philiphê Bỉnh

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Writing System ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Writing Project ◽  
Vietnamese History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
Volume History

This chapter takes a closer look at Binh’s literary output with an emphasis on the lengthy collections of tales he wrote between 1815 and 1830. It uses these volumes to understand new Catholic genealogies and temporalities, to illustrate the shifting worldview and understandings of time being experienced by Vietnamese Catholics. The chapter describes how Binh organized his books using indexes and tables of contents, and the significance of Binh’s use of the Romanized alphabet throughout his writings, suggesting that his literary output marked an important moment in the history of this Vietnamese writing system. The chapter features a lengthy discussion of Binh’s two-volume history of Vietnamese Catholicism, and argues that in these two volumes Binh reconceptualized the histories of Christianity in his homeland. Binh’s histories focused on Vietnamese, rather than Europeans, and made these histories of their own. These volumes were also innovative in the context of Vietnamese history writing, as they represented the first substantial Vietnamese histories that were focused on a minority group, rather than on the actions of political elites. The chapter concludes by looking briefly at Binh’s final writing project, and then his last years, lived against the political chaos of 1820s Portugal.

Three Decades of Bangladeshi Politics (1990-2019): The Emergence and Collapse of the Political Settlements

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ali Riaz
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Dominant Coalition ◽  
Democratic Transformation ◽  
Political Settlement

This paper explores the tumultuous political history of Bangladesh since it embarked on democratization process in 1991 after two decades of civilian and military authoritarianism, using the political settlement framework. Political settlement, in this paper is understood as, an agreement among elites and other social forces regarding ‘distribution of benefits supported by its institutions consistent with the distribution of power in the society’ (Khan, 2010). At the political level the arrangement is expected to ensure that the system would not unravel by conflict and violence. In the past decades, the country not only experienced repeated episodes of violence but also hopes of a democratic transformation have faded. Bangladesh has moved towards a non-inclusive political system. The paper argues that the period in question is marked by the emergence and collapse of a political settlement among political elites. It explores the nature and scope of the political settlement that emerged in the 1980s and collapsed by 2010, and demonstrates that by 2014, an exclusionary authoritarian settlement has emerged characterized by a lack of inclusivity and coercive apparatuses’ heightened role. The breakdown of political settlement was predicated by the nature of the settlement, its implications for the elites in the challenger coalition, and the degree of inclusivity of the dominant coalition. The exclusionary political settlement provides a semblance of ‘stability’ for a limited period but fails to contain the tension in the long term even when it delivers economic growth.

Political hermeneutics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Karabuschenko
Keyword(s):  
Professional Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Application Characteristics ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Internal Relationship

The monograph is devoted to the problem of formation and development of this branch of the division of hermeneutics as a political hermeneutics. Considered as the very origins of this hermeneutic stemming directly from the history of classical hermeneutics (Chapter 1) and its methodological principles (Chapter 2) and application characteristics (Chapter 3). It is from this triad (history — theory — practice) by the author and displayed the Foundation of political hermeneutics, which seems to them as the "deep method" study of the essence of the political elites and elitism and is characterized as a methodological division of lithologie to uncover the political "backstage" as the main sphere of professional activity of non-public elites. In the formation of hermeneutical understanding, it is important to clarify the internal relationship of this triad as a "language — word — text". The author consistently reveals the idea that language is expressed in the word exactly the same as the word in the text, which in turn is designed for disclosure in another language and in another word (in the "I — don't-Ya"). Designed for students and professionals; anyone interested in the problems of political consciousness and thinking of the elites.

From periphery to centre and back again: elite transformations in Mechelen (fourteenth to sixteenth centuries)

Urban History ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-631
Author(s):  
Frederik Buylaert
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social History ◽  
Capital City ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban Elite ◽  
Craft Guilds

AbstractThis article explores the social history of the political elites of Mechelen, a town that evolved from a seigneurial enclave within the duchy of Brabant to the de facto capital of the Burgundian–Habsburg Low Countries between the 1470s and 1530. Proceeding from a quantitative analysis of lists of aldermen, fiscal registers and epitaphs, the article argues that the short-lived functioning of Mechelen as a capital city had great impact on its ruling classes. Mechelen was traditionally ruled by a coalition of craft guilds and prominent citizens, but the latter reoriented their social networks to the court elite, as the latter's presence supercharged pre-existing trends towards ennoblement among the urban elite.

scholarly journals “How can we free ourselves from this despotic Moscow oppression?” The attitude of Poznan and Kalisz voivodeships noblemen towards the Russian army actions in the years 1758-1759. Contribution to the history of the Seven Years’ War

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Glabisz
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
History Of

Abstract The aim of the text is to show the attitude of the nobility from the Poznan and Kalisz provinces in the years 1758-1759 during the Seven Years’ War. This area, despite the neutrality of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, became a place of Prussian-Russian fighting. The article is a contribution to reflection on the functioning of the political elites and state structures of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

scholarly journals Two letters by the Amfiteatrovs to Petr Krasnov: Finishing the project

Literary Fact ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
George Cheron
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Literary History ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Literary Biography ◽  
Large Complex ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Emigre Writers

Journalist, prose writer, playwright Alexander Amfiteatrov and Ataman of the Great Don Army General Petr Krasnov, the author of numerous novels and short stories, belonged to the older generation of Russian émigré writers. Amfiteatrov lived in Italy, and Krasnov in Paris, and they communicated by mail. Their correspondence that began in 1927 lasted more than 10 years, until Amfiteatrov’s death. The previously published large complex of their letters contains not only significant additions to the literary biography of correspondents, but also an important information on the political, social, and literary history of the Russian Abroad in the 1920s and 1930s. Moreover, Krasnov’s letters are only a small part of the huge Amfiteatrov émigré collection, researched by the author of this publication in collaboration with Oleg Korostelev with plans to devote several books of the Amfiteatrov volume in the academic series “Literary Heritage” to these materials. This publication presents two recently discovered letters to Krasnov, written by Amfiteatrov himself and by his widow, reporting on her efforts to collect a book in her husband's memory during the outbreak of World War II.

The Organization of Football in Cyprus: History and Politics

STADION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-77
Author(s):  
Nikos Lekakis ◽  
Dimitris Gargalianos
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Greek Cypriot ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
Turkish Cypriot ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Greek Cypriots

This paper employs the history and politics of football looking at discussions about Cyprus’ national identity, the relationship between the Greek-Cypriot state and its self-declared Turkish-Cypriot counterpart, and the possibility of reunification. It explores these issues from both sides of the divide, something rarely undertaken in Cyprus, and within a wider European perspective, by comparing it briefly with the modern football histories of Ireland, Spain and Bosnia & Herzegovina. Football and its inherent developments reflect not only the political rivalries in the world of Greek-Cypriot football, but also the encounters between Greek-Cypriots and Turkish-Cypriots. The history of Cypriot football has no similar precedent in the selected European space. In Ireland, the peace process has not ended historic civil society divisions, while football agents with opposing political ideologies across the Greek and Turkish divide in Cyprus have been able to overcome their differences, political elites on one side of the border have prevented unification. In Spain’s Catalonia, while the football-fed movement for independence, yet to materialize, remains subject to approval by Spain’s institutions, the independence of the de facto Turkish-Cypriot state would require the approval of the governments of the Republic of Cyprus, Greece, Turkey, and Britain. Finally, while FIFA and UEFA have successfully dictated the terms for the final admission of Bosnia & Herzegovina’s football Federation into their membership, they have failed to repeat this achievement in the Cypriot case.

The Enchanter of Hawaii

Oh Capitano! ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Rudolph J. Vecoli ◽  
Francesco Durante
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
History Of

This chapter examines Celso Cesare Moreno's role in the political crisis that culminated in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. It first provides a background on the history of the Kingdom of Hawaii and describes its political situation upon Moreno's arrival in 1879. It then considers Moreno's alliance with David Kalākaua, king of Hawaii, and how the animosity between Moreno and the American ambassador, James M. Comly, helped precipitate a political upheaval in the kingdom. It also discusses Moreno's attempt to secure a subsidy from the Kingdom for his steamship line, the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company (CMSNC), before concluding with an analysis of the constitutional crisis that erupted in 1880 after Kalākaua suspended the legislature, formed a new cabinet, and appointed Moreno prime minister and minister of foreign affairs.

Archival Investigatory Record of the Chief of the Political Directorate for the Central Asian Military District, Brigade Commissar N. P. Katerukhin as a Source for Studying the Phenomenon of Mass Political Repression of the Red Army Commanders in 1937-1938

2018 ◽  
pp. 1038-1058
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Mulbakh ◽  
◽  
Larisa V. Zandanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Repression ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

The article studies mass political repression in the USSR in 1937-1940s to offer an unbiased reconstruction of the process and to retrieve the historical experience at current stage of democratic transformations in the country. The article is devoted to one of the repressed Red Army command officers, head of the Political Directorate for the Central Asian Military District, Brigadier N. P. Katerukhin, participant in the First World and Civil Wars. It follows the fate of Katerukhin, who was awarded a rank of ‘Brigade Commissar’ in April 1938. The article focuses on the events of the second half of 1930s in the Central Asian Military District: mechanics of the NKVD investigation, operations and activities of commanders, political agencies, and military justice. Despite his honorable service, energy, initiative, and diligence at a difficult time of political strife, Katerukhin was under suspicion of the relevant authorities. Information on ‘sabotage activities’ of the secretary of the district party commission N. P. Katerukhin kept coming from ex-director of the military pedagogical faculty of the N. G. Tolmachev Military Political Academy M. G. Fradlin to the supreme bodies of the party since January 1937. The authors have studied N. P. Katerukhin’s archival investigatory record to show the nature of the NKVD activities at the time of contraction of mass political repression. The most important evidence against N. P. Katerukhin was ‘confessions’ of Division Commissar V. K. Kontstantinov, who in 1936 promoted Katerukhin’s assignment to the post of director of the district party commission. Kontstantinov admitted under questioning to participation in a counter-revolutionary organization and revealed that he enlisted Katerukhin to the said anti-Soviet organization. By then the investigators had testimonies that at the time of political purges N. P. Katerukhin had expelled blameless members and reinstated enemy elements. The materials of the archival investigatory record are being introduced into scientific use for the first time. Of particular value are the interrogation reports, which contain valuable materials on the military and political history of our country. All this bespeaks the importance of studying archival investigatory files as a source on history of mass political repression in the Red Army.

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