Defining Fair Use on YouTube: A Guide to Modern Copyright

Copyright law is a large, complex issue that has found itself at the center of controversy on YouTube. Much of the debate around copyright centers on whether a video is fair use, the exception to copyright laws. There are large problems on YouTube surrounding the exploitation of the Content ID system, and the solutions to these problems often rely on the assumption of clear and defined copyright law, which is far from the case. This led my research into finding out based on the case law, what constitutes fair use on YouTube? Using a content analysis, these complexities of copyright law were able to be broken down into easy-to-understand guidelines. To do this, roughly 30 cases were found using the websites case.law and copyright.gov, and the decision of the case and the reasoning behind it were pulled out to create guidelines based on the copyright case law of court decisions. These guidelines consist of having a license for the copyrighted content, using the content for education, criticism or review, providing significant commentary to shift the focus away from the content, using the content for parody, changing the purpose of the content, or using an insignificant portion of the content. If any of these scenarios are met, then the video will likely not violate copyright. The use of these guidelines could be implemented into YouTubes algorithm, but more likely these guidelines would be easy to follow for creators to know whether or not their video will violate copyright.

Social Stability Risk Diffusion of Large Complex Engineering Projects Based on an Improved SIR Model: A Simulation Research on Complex Networks

The development of China’s new urbanization has driven the rapid increase in large complex engineering projects, which have the characteristics of large-scale investment, long-term construction, and wide social influence, easily causing benefit conflicts among relevant stakeholders, and breaking out social stability risks. In the previous research, the risks of large complex engineering projects mainly concentrated on the assessment of economic risk, schedule risk, etc. However, there were few studies on social risks, and they did not consider how the risks spread on the complex networks based on the social connections such as interpersonal relationship. From the subject of social stability risk diffusion of large complex engineering projects, this paper constructs a related risk diffusion model based on the SIR model to analyze risk diffusion mechanism. Through NetLogo simulation platform, the model is placed under a small-world network environment that is closest to the topology structure of real social interpersonal relationship network for simulation research, aiming to find out key factors of social stability risk intervention for large complex engineering projects, which greatly contributes to the social stability risk management of large complex engineering projects.

Recent developments on an interferometric multilateration measurement system for large volume coordinate metrology

A mobile multilateration measurement system developed at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) around 2010 has been thoroughly investigated and refined to gain better performance with smaller uncertainties even when applied to the calibration of large complex workpieces. The mathematical background of multilateration and the propagation of uncertainties for the algorithms involved is explained in detail. Using the example of simple 1D and 2D measuring tasks, the influence of certain parameters characterizing the setup of the measurement system on the overall uncertainty is quantified. A strategy is developed to incorporate multi-stylus measurements which are often inevitable when workpieces feature complex shapes. The findings are verified on a large involute gear which is 2 m in diameter. All measurements are performed on PTB's large coordinate measuring machine with a working range of 5 m x 4 m x 2 m.

Stability of large complex systems with heterogeneous relaxation dynamics

We study the probability of stability of a large complex system of size N within the framework of a generalized May model, which assumes a linear dynamics of each population size n i (with respect to its equilibrium value): d n i d t = − a i n i − T ∑ j J i j n j . The a i > 0’s are the intrinsic decay rates, J ij is a real symmetric (N × N) Gaussian random matrix and T measures the strength of pairwise interaction between different species. Our goal is to study how inhomogeneities in the intrinsic damping rates a i affect the stability of this dynamical system. As the interaction strength T increases, the system undergoes a phase transition from a stable phase to an unstable phase at a critical value T = T c. We reinterpret the probability of stability in terms of the hitting time of the level b = 0 of an associated Dyson Brownian motion (DBM), starting at the initial position a i and evolving in ‘time’ T. In the large N → ∞ limit, using this DBM picture, we are able to completely characterize T c for arbitrary density μ(a) of the a i ’s. For a specific flat configuration a i = 1 + σ i − 1 N , we obtain an explicit parametric solution for the limiting (as N → ∞) spectral density for arbitrary T and σ. For finite but large N, we also compute the large deviation properties of the probability of stability on the stable side T < T c using a Coulomb gas representation.

Sorting It Out: Identifying and Addressing Conflicts and Business Ethics in Global Value Networks

Global value networks are often large, complex, and opaque. Understanding the relationships among stakeholders involved in these networks or organizations can be challenging. This card sort task provides an interactive way to engage participants in questioning the roles of stakeholders who are involved in a business ethics dilemma or an organizational product failure. This card sort task and discussion activity encourages participants to recognize that stakeholders may hold different knowledge, responsibility, or power; identify competing, conflicting, or complementary interests across stakeholders; articulate logical arguments; and engage in debate, compromise, and critical evaluation. This technique has been used successfully with undergraduate and postgraduate business, management, and social science students and is suitable for in-person and remote classes.

MEDIEVAL FLANGED TILES FROM THE SOUTH-WESTERN CRIMEA: PROBLEMS OF PRODUCTION LOCALIZATION, TYPOLOGY AND CHRONOLOGY

This text is about the problem of typology, localization of the producing and dating of medieval building ceramics (Flanged tiles) of the South-Western Crimea. The investigation of products of tile production centers in the South-Western Crimea allowed to systematize a large complex of archaeological sources. They came from various archeological sites that were located throughout the region. Technological and morphological typology allowed to arrange and dating all this complexes and different material in some cases with an accuracy of up to two decades. The unified technological and morphological description and typology of the material described development and evolution of tile production craft in the South-Western Crimea trough the Medieval time. Therefore, this work could be a variant of a unified field guide for medieval Flanged tiles from Crimean sites and a chronological chart for them.

Attractors with large complex structure for one-parameter families of Calabi-Yau manifolds

The attractor equations for an arbitrary one-parameter family of Calabi-Yau manifolds are studied in the large complex structure region. These equations are solved iteratively, generating what we term an N-expansion, which is a power series in the Gromov-Witten invariants of the manifold. The coefficients of this series are associated with integer partitions. In important cases we are able to find closed-form expressions for the general term of this expansion. To our knowledge, these are the first generic solutions to attractor equations that incorporate instanton contributions. In particular, we find a simple closed-form formula for the entropy associated to rank two attractor points, including those recently discovered. The applications of our solutions are briefly discussed. Most importantly, we are able to give an expression for the Wald entropy of black holes that includes all genus 0 instanton corrections.

LiftShip

This paper describes the benefits of automating Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model generation and analysis in support of large complex structural lifting, handling, turning, and to present the FEA results in a clear and concise configuration for the stakeholders.