scholarly journals multiverse: Multiplexing Alternative Data Analyses in R Notebooks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhraneel Sarma ◽  
Alex Kale ◽  
Michael Moon ◽  
Nathan Taback ◽  
Fanny Chevalier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Design ◽  
Global Structure ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Face ◽  
Design Tradeoffs

There are myriad ways to analyze any given dataset. But which one to trust? In the face of such uncertainty, analysts adopt multiverse analysis: running all reasonable analyses on the dataset. Yet this is cognitively and technically difficult with existing tools—how does one specify and execute all combinations of reasonable analyses of a dataset?—and often requires discarding existing workflows. We present multiverse, a tool for implementing multiverse analyses in R with expressive syntax supporting existing computational notebook workflows. Informed by iterative user testing, multiverse supports building up a multiverse through local changes to a single analysis and optimises execution by pruning redundant computations. We evaluate four existing multiverse tools (including multiverse) using principles of cognitive ergonomics.We identify design tradeoffs (e.g. flexibility in locally defining decisions versus making it easy to understand a multiverse’s global structure), and suggest future directions for multiverse tool design, like more effective debugging support.

scholarly journals The Future of Fat Grafting

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S69-S74
Author(s):  
Summer E Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Topic ◽  
Autologous Fat Grafting ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Autologous Fat ◽  
The Face

Abstract One of the earliest reported cases of autologous fat grafting (AFG) was by Neuber in 1893 and consisted of the transfer of small lobules of fat from the upper arm for cicatrical depression of the face. He advocated the use of smaller grafts, noting that pieces larger than the size of a bean would form cysts. In 1895, Czerny excised a lumbar lipoma and transplanted it to the chest for breast reconstruction. Since these early reports, the knowledge base around AFG has expanded exponentially, as illustrated by the other papers within this special topic. As we embark on the next phase of AFG in the clinical setting, there are several directions which are near-clinical translation. This paper discusses future directions in fat grafting that build on optimization of our current techniques as clinical indications expand, such as supplementing purified lipoaspirate and the associated regulatory burden, or deconstructing adipose tissue to selectively use adipose graft components for a variety of regenerative indications.

Executing production schedules in the face of uncertainties: A review and some future directions

2005 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haldun Aytug ◽  
Mark A. Lawley ◽  
Kenneth McKay ◽  
Shantha Mohan ◽  
Reha Uzsoy
Keyword(s):  
Future Directions ◽  
The Face

“I won’t change who I am for anyone”

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Scranton
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
United States Today ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Online Setting

In the United States today, Muslim women are portrayed as weak, submissive, one-dimensional, and occupying a place of contradiction. These master narratives of Muslim women as uncivilized or anti-American lead them to be misunderstood at best and victims of hate crimes at worst. In this environment, a space emerges to explore counterstories, or narratives that depict a group as desirable in the face of a detrimental dominant narrative. In order to study how Muslim women construct their identities in this environment, a thematic analysis of stories told by Muslim women in an online setting was conducted. Findings reveal four prominent constructions or responses to this narrative: (1) I am multidimensional, (2) I am strong, (3) I change the world, and (4) I am special. Implications for the study of counterstories and future directions for research are discussed.

scholarly journals TwInflation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaustubh Deshpande ◽  
Soubhik Kumar ◽  
Raman Sundrum
Keyword(s):  
General Structure ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Hierarchy Problem ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cosmic Inflation ◽  
Hybrid Mechanism ◽  
The Face ◽  
Hybrid Inflation

Abstract The general structure of Hybrid Inflation remains a very well-motivated mechanism for lower-scale cosmic inflation in the face of improving constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. However, as originally modeled, the “waterfall” field in this mechanism gives rise to a hierarchy problem (η−problem) for the inflaton after demanding standard effective field theory (EFT) control. We modify the hybrid mechanism and incorporate a discrete “twin” symmetry, thereby yielding a viable, natural and EFT-controlled model of non-supersymmetric low-scale inflation, “Twinflation”. Analogously to Twin Higgs models, the discrete exchange-symmetry with a “twin” sector reduces quadratic sensitivity in the inflationary potential to ultra-violet physics, at the root of the hierarchy problem. The observed phase of inflation takes place on a hilltop-like potential but without fine-tuning of the initial inflaton position in field-space. We also show that all parameters of the model can take natural values, below any associated EFT-cutoff mass scales and field values, thus ensuring straightforward theoretical control. We discuss the basic phenomenological considerations and constraints, as well as possible future directions.

Perinatal and infant mental health in Australia: moving forward towards REAL prevention and early intervention – can we do it?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E Sved Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Infant Mental Health ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Maternal Mental Illness ◽  
The Face ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Party Support

Objectives: Australia has been at the forefront of appropriate early intervention. Prevention of mental illness in infants by early identification and intervention in the mental health of their mothers has stalled since the cessation of funding through the National Perinatal Depression Initiative (NPDI, 2009–2015). Whilst screening for maternal mental illness has been widely implemented throughout Australia during the last two decades, services are now diminishing and great opportunities to ride the crest of a wave for appropriate mental illness intervention are receding. Reviews of history and interventions internationally may help guide future directions. Conclusions: Advocacy through across-agency and across-political-party support has been markedly successful for perinatal and infant mental health in the United Kingdom. A solid foundation exists in Australia. Australian psychiatrists have the ability to continue to change the face of prevention and early intervention.

Character Animation

2011 ◽  
pp. 49-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Costa Orvalho ◽  
João Orvalho
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Facial Animation ◽  
Character Animation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Published Research

Character Animation has a crucial role in modern videogames: it is essential to provide a realistic and immersive experience to the users. This chapter presents the main problems when preparing characters for animation, describes current solutions, and discusses published research and future directions in the fields of character rigging and animation. Its main focus is on facial animation, which is the key element to convey emotion and personality to a 3D character. It also describes a system we have developed and used on several productions, capable of automatically transfer the facial rig and animations between characters. After reading this chapter, you should have an understanding of the complexity involved in character animation process, especially of the face, and the reasons why it remains a challenge.

Adaptability Tradeoffs in the Design of Self-Organizing Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Humann ◽  
Newsha Khani ◽  
Yan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
High Fitness ◽  
Random Initial Conditions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Design Tradeoffs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Self Organizing

Self-organizing systems have great potential for adaptability, but as complex systems, they can also be prone to unpredictable behavior, cascading failures, and sensitivity to perturbations. Also, designing systems for adaptability may introduce overhead that reduces their performance. This paper investigates the design tradeoffs between adaptability and performance in the context of a box-pushing task. Using a genetic algorithm to optimize a parametric behavioral model, we are able to test systems optimized under different conditions for performance and reliability. It was found that a system optimized in the face of random initial conditions and internal perturbations was more robust than a system optimized without these perturbations, showing a higher overall fitness over diverse trials, but it could not take advantage of particular initial conditions that would have allowed it to achieve a one-off high fitness in a repeatable environment. A system optimized with predesigned initial conditions was found to achieve a very high fitness, but when it was retested with random initial conditions, its performance plummeted, indicating that it was fit to the ideal initial conditions but not robust.

Reduced relationship desire is associated with better life satisfaction for singles in Germany: An analysis of pairfam data

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110050
Author(s):  
Elyakim Kislev
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Face ◽  
Single Regression

This research estimates the extent to which life satisfaction of singles is influenced by their desire to be single. Regression analyses on data from the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam) studies are used to investigate this question, paying particular attention to longitudinal differences between never-married and divorced/separated men and women. Panel data analyses between different waves of the pairfam data indicate that decreases in desires for a relationship are significantly associated with greater life satisfaction. These patterns hold for all but one of the demographic groups investigated (divorced/separated men). The results are used to suggest how many singles may be able to maintain high levels of life satisfaction in the face of social stigmata.

scholarly journals Hydroeconomic Analysis to Guide Climate Adaptation Plans

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The Face ◽  
Induced Changes

Successful climate adaptation needs to sustain food, water, and energy security in the face of elevated carbon emissions. Hydroeconomic analysis (HEA) offers considerable potential to inform climate adaptation plans where water is an important element of economic activity. This paper's contribution is to identify how HEA can inform climate adaptation plans by minimizing economic costs of responding to climate induced changes in water supplies. It describes what HEA is, why it is important, how researchers implement it, who has made significant contributions, and places where it has informed policy debates. It also describes future directions for the use of HEA to guide climate adaptation.

Reanimation following facial palsy: present and future directions

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Ramakrishnan ◽  
S Alam ◽  
A Kotecha ◽  
D Gillett ◽  
A D'Souza
Keyword(s):  
Facial Palsy ◽  
English Language ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Global Databases ◽  
The Face ◽  
Facial Reanimation ◽  
Optimum Management ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractBackground:An understanding of the management of chronic facial palsy is vital for otolaryngologists, due to its common presentation to ENT surgeons. There is currently a lack of consensus on the optimum management of this condition. This article reviews the existing literature and offers a perspective on current management, as well as an insight into future treatments.Methods:A literature search was performed, using the Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases from 1966 to the present, using the keywords listed below. Articles were reviewed. Selection was limited to English language articles on human subjects.Results and conclusion:A tailored, multidisciplinary approach using combinatorial therapy should be used for reanimation of the face following facial palsy. Advances in surgical and non-surgical techniques, and the exchange of information from centres of excellence via global databases, will enable objective appraisal of results and the development of an evidence-based approach to facial reanimation.

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