scholarly journals Sosialisasi Manfaat Pemeriksaan Radiologi Sebagai Upaya Edukasi Dokter Kepada Pasien Penyakit Dalam

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renasheva Alifia Nugaraha
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Disease Treatment

Nowadays radiological devices are diagnostic tools that are very necessary in medical care. The type of image used for the purpose of diagnosing disease is produced from medical equipment such as X-rays, USG, CT scan, MRI, and PET. The benefits of radiology examinations are to diagnose disease, treatment, and means of communication between doctors and patients. However, radiation exposure can damage cells. Therefore, a doctor is required to socialize about radiological examination to public.

scholarly journals Patient Knowledge Regarding Radiation Exposure from Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0015
Author(s):  
Daniel Bohl ◽  
Blaine Manning ◽  
George Holmes ◽  
Simon Lee ◽  
Johnny Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
X Ray

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Foot and ankle surgeons routinely prescribe diagnostic imaging that exposes patients to potentially harmful ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study is to characterize patients’ knowledge regarding radiation exposure associated with common forms of foot and ankle imaging. Methods: A survey was administered to all new patients prior to their first foot and ankle clinic appointments. Patients were asked to compare the amount of harmful radiation associated with chest x-rays to that associated with various types of foot and ankle imaging. Results were tabulated and compared to actual values of radiation exposure from the published literature. Results: A total of 890 patients were invited to participate, of whom 791 (88.9%) completed the survey. The majority of patients believed that a foot x-ray, an ankle x-ray, a “low dose” CT scan of the foot and ankle (alluding to cone-beam CT), and a traditional CT scan of the foot and ankle all contain similar amounts of harmful ionizing radiation to a chest x-ray (Table 1). This is in contrast to the published literature, which suggests that foot x-rays, ankle x-rays, cone beam CT scans of the foot and ankle, and traditional CT scans of the foot and ankle expose patients to 0.006, 0.006, 0.127, and 0.833 chest x-rays worth of radiation. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that patients greatly over-estimate the amount of harmful ionizing radiation associated with plain film and cone-beam CT scans of the foot and ankle. Interestingly, their estimates of radiation associated with traditional CT scans of the foot and ankle were relatively accurate. Results suggest that patients may benefit from increased counseling by surgeons regarding the relatively low risk of radiation exposure associated with plain film and cone-beam CT imaging of the foot and ankle.

scholarly journals Early survey with bibliometric analysis on machine learning approaches in controlling coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruna Chiroma ◽  
Absalom E. Ezugwu ◽  
Fatsuma Jauro ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Garadi ◽  
Idris N. Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
X Rays ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Further Development

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe mortality across the globe with the USA as the current epicenter, although the initial outbreak was in Wuhan, China. Many studies successfully applied machine learning to fight the COVID-19 pandemic from a different perspective. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no comprehensive survey with bibliometric analysis has been conducted on the adoption of machine learning for fighting COVID-19. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to bridge this gap by carrying out an in-depth survey with bibliometric analysis on the adoption of machine-learning-based technologies to fight the COVID-19 pandemic from a different perspective, including an extensive systematic literature review and a bibliometric analysis.MethodsA literature survey methodology is applied to retrieve data from academic databases, and a bibliometric technique is subsequently employed to analyze the accessed records. Moreover, the concise summary, sources of COVID-19 datasets, taxonomy, synthesis, and analysis are presented. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is found mainly utilized in developing COVID-19 diagnosis and prognosis tools, mostly from chest X-ray and chest computed tomography (CT) scan images. Similarly, a bibliometric analysis of machine-learning-based COVID-19-related publications in Scopus and Web of Science citation indexes is performed. Finally, a new perspective is proposed to solve the challenges identified as directions for future research. We believe that the survey with bibliometric analysis can help researchers easily detect areas that require further development and identify potential collaborators.ResultsThe findings in this study reveal that machine-learning-based COVID-19 diagnostic tools received the most considerable attention from researchers. Specifically, the analyses of the results show that energy and resources are more dispensed toward COVID-19 automated diagnostic tools, while COVID-19 drugs and vaccine development remain grossly underexploited. Moreover, the machine-learning-based algorithm predominantly utilized by researchers in developing the diagnostic tool is CNN mainly from X-rays and CT scan images.ConclusionsThe challenges hindering practical work on the application of machine-learning-based technologies to fight COVID-19 and a new perspective to solve the identified problems are presented in this study. We believe that the presented survey with bibliometric analysis can help researchers determine areas that need further development and identify potential collaborators at author, country, and institutional levels to advance research in the focused area of machine learning application for disease control.

Patient Knowledge Regarding Radiation Exposure From Foot and Ankle Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaine T. Manning ◽  
Daniel D. Bohl ◽  
Alexander J. P. Idarraga ◽  
George B. Holmes ◽  
Simon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Results

Foot and ankle surgeons routinely prescribe diagnostic imaging that exposes patients to potentially harmful ionizing radiation. It is unclear how well patients understand the radiation to which they are exposed. In this study, 946 consecutive new patients were surveyed regarding medical imaging and radiation exposure prior to their first appointment. Respondents compared the amount of radiation associated with chest X-rays (CXRs) with various types of foot and ankle imaging. Results were compared with actual values of radiation exposure from the published literature. Of 946 patients surveyed, 841 (88.9%) participated. Most had private insurance (82.8%) and a bachelor’s degree or higher (60.6%). Most believed that foot X-ray, ankle X-ray, “low dose” foot and ankle computed tomography (CT) scan (alluding to cone-beam CT), and traditional foot and ankle CT scan contain similar amounts of ionizing radiation to CXR. This contradicts the published literature that suggests that the actual exposure to patients is 0.006, 0.006, 0.127, and 0.833 CXR equivalents of radiation, respectively. Of patients who had undergone an X-ray, 55.9% thought about the issue of radiation prior to the study, whereas 46.1% of those undergoing a CT scan considered radiation prior to the exam. Similarly, 35.2% and 27.6% reported their doctor having discussed radiation with them prior to obtaining an X-ray and CT scan, respectively. Patients greatly overestimate the radiation exposure associated with plain film X-rays and cone-beam CT scans of the foot and ankle, and may benefit from increased counseling regarding the relatively low radiation exposure associated with these imaging modalities. Level of Evidence: Level III: Prospective questionnaire

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Diagnosis of Clinically Suspected Scaphoid Fractures

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 081-089
Author(s):  
Henrik Constantin Bäcker ◽  
Chia H. Wu ◽  
Robert J. Strauch
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Scaphoid Fracture ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Search Term ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Scaphoid Fractures

Background Scaphoid fracture accounts for approximately 15% of acute wrist fractures. Clinical examination and plain X-rays are commonly used to diagnose the fracture, but this approach may miss up to 16% of fractures in the absence of clear-cut lucent lines on plain radiographs. As such, additional imaging may be required. It is not clear which imaging modality is the best. The goal of this study is to summarize the current literature on scaphoid fractures to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of four different imaging modalities. Case Description A systematic-review and meta-analysis was performed. The search term “scaphoid fracture” was used and all prospective articles investigating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), bone scintigraphy, and ultrasound were included. In total, 2,808 abstracts were reviewed. Of these, 42 articles investigating 51 different diagnostic tools in 2,507 patients were included. Literature Review The mean age was 34.1 ± 5.7 years, and the overall incidence of scaphoid fractures missed on X-ray and diagnosed on advanced imaging was 21.8%. MRI had the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing scaphoid fractures, which were 94.2 and 97.7%, respectively, followed by CT scan with a sensitivity and specificity at 81.5 and 96.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 81.5 and 77.4%, respectively. Significant differences between MRI, bone scintigraphy, CT, and ultrasound were identified. Clinical Relevance MRI has higher sensitivity and specificity than CT scan, bone scintigraphy, or ultrasound. Level of Evidence This is a Level II systematic review.

scholarly journals Physician’s Knowledge on X-ray Exposure from CT Scans in a Moroccan Hospital

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bouchra Amaoui ◽  
Abdennasser El Kharras ◽  
Slimane Semghouli
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
X Ray

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is a major source of ionizing radiation exposure in medical diagnostic.  Patients more exposed related to radiation are supposed to be more susceptible to health risks. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess physician’s knowledge of radiation doses and potential health risks of radiation exposure from CT. Materials and Methods: A standardized questionnaire was distributed to physicians. The questionnaire covered the demographic data of the prescriber, the frequency of referrals for CT scan examinations, the physicians’ knowledge of radiation doses, the potential health risks of radiation exposure from CT scan and training on patients’ radiation   protection. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Results: A total of 72 physicians (55%) completed the questionnaire. Ninety nine percent of the practitioners’ prescribe CT examinations for patients during their exercises but only 10% of physicians use the guideline during CT prescriptions. Thirty eight percent of prescribers took into account the ratio benefit/risk related to x-rays during radiological exam prescription. While 4% of prescribers’ explained the risk related to x-rays to the patients during radiological exam prescription, 14% of physicians have correctly estimated the effective dose received during an abdomen pelvic scan compared to the dose of a standard chest x-ray radiograph in an adult.  Fifty four percent of doctors underestimated the lifetime risk of fatal cancer attributable to a single computed tomography scan of the abdomen pelvic and 8% of practitioners have received formal training on risks to patients from radiation exposure. Conclusion: The present study showed the limited knowledge of radiation exposure for the Physicians. Recurrent training in advanced radiation protection of patients could lead to significant improvements in knowledge and practice of CT prescribers.

TRAUMA GINJAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Noflih Sulistia ◽  
Bambang Soeprijanto ◽  
Indrastuti Normahayu ◽  
Lenny Violetta
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Renal Trauma ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan

Renal trauma in children is more common than in adults. Clinically in pediatric patients with renal trauma do not always describe the degreeof trauma. Radiological examination, especially abdominal CT-scan with contrast, can help evaluate the damage to the kidneys so that it candetermine the degree of trauma.

Requesting physicians’ knowledge of X-radiation exposure from computed tomography scan examinations: A case study of two Nigerian tertiary hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Samson O. Paulinus ◽  
Benjamin E. Udoh ◽  
Bassey E. Archibong ◽  
Akpama E. Egong ◽  
Akwa E. Erim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Medical Exposure

Objective: Physicians who often request for computed tomography (CT) scan examinations are expected to have sound knowledge of radiation exposure (risks) to patients in line with the basic radiation protection principles according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the Protection of Persons Undergoing Medical Exposure or Treatment (POPUMET), and the Ionizing Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations (IR(ME)R). The aim is to assess the level of requesting physicians’ knowledge of ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations in two Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Materials and Methods: An 18-item-based questionnaire was distributed to 141 practicing medical doctors, excluding radiologists with work experience from 0 to >16 years in two major teaching hospitals in Nigeria with a return rate of 69%, using a voluntary sampling technique. Results: The results showed that 25% of the respondents identified CT thorax, abdomen, and pelvis examination as having the highest radiation risk, while 22% said that it was a conventional chest X-ray. Furthermore, 14% concluded that CT head had the highest risk while 9% gave their answer to be conventional abdominal X-ray. In addition, 17% inferred that magnetic resonance imaging had the highest radiation risk while 11% had no idea. Furthermore, 25.5% of the respondents have had training on ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations while 74.5% had no training. Majority (90%) of the respondents were not aware of the ICRP guidelines for requesting investigations with very little (<3%) or no knowledge (0%) on the POPUMET and the IR(ME)R respectively. Conclusion: There is low level of knowledge of ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations among requesting physicians in the study locations.

Clinico-bacteriological Profile and Outcome of Empyema Thoracis in Children at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanu Pan ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Chest Tube ◽  
Chest Tube Drainage ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Empyema Thoracis ◽  
First Line ◽  
Tube Drainage

Background: Empyema thoracis (ET) is a serious infection of the pleural space. Despite the availability of broad spectrum antibacterial, improved vaccination coverage and better diagnostic tools, Empyema Thoracis remains associated with high morbidity worldwide. Delay   in   early   diagnosis,   failure   to institute   appropriate   antimicrobial   therapy,   multidrug resistant   organisms,   malnutrition,   comorbidities,   poor health  seeking  behaviour  and  high treatment  cost  burden contribute  to  increased  morbidity  in  children. The available  treatment  options  include  intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics  either  alone  or  in  combination  with surgical  procedure  (thoracocentesis,  chest  tube  drainage, fibrinolytic  therapy,  decortications  with  video  assistedthoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open drainage. Methods: Fifty Children between 1 month to 16 years admitted in the Pediatrics Ward, PICU of College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur,Nepal. Data analysis was done by SPSS 24.0. Results: Present study found that according to blood culture, 3(6.0%) patients had enterococcus, 40(80.0%) patients had no growth, 2(4.0%) patients had pseudomonas, 4(8.0%) patients had staphylococcus and 1(2.0%) patients had streptococcus. We found that 20(40.0%) patients had done CT scan thorax, 30(60.0%) patients had not done CT scan thorax and 32(64.0%) patients had Amoxiclav first line antibiotic and 18(36.0%) patients had Ceftriaxone first line antibiotic. Conclusions: Suitable antibiotics and prompt chest tube drainage is an effective method of treatment of childhood empyema, especially in resource-poor settings. Majority of the patients progress on this conservative management and have good recovery on follow up.  

A Review of Various Machine Learning Techniques for Brain Tumor Detection from MRI Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 937-945
Author(s):  
Aaishwarya Sanjay Bajaj ◽  
Usha Chouhan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
The Brain

Background: This paper endeavors to identify an expedient approach for the detection of the brain tumor in MRI images. The detection of tumor is based on i) review of the machine learning approach for the identification of brain tumor and ii) review of a suitable approach for brain tumor detection. Discussion: This review focuses on different imaging techniques such as X-rays, PET, CT- Scan, and MRI. This survey identifies a different approach with better accuracy for tumor detection. This further includes the image processing method. In most applications, machine learning shows better performance than manual segmentation of the brain tumors from MRI images as it is a difficult and time-consuming task. For fast and better computational results, radiology used a different approach with MRI, CT-scan, X-ray, and PET. Furthermore, summarizing the literature, this paper also provides a critical evaluation of the surveyed literature which reveals new facets of research. Conclusion: The problem faced by the researchers during brain tumor detection techniques and machine learning applications for clinical settings have also been discussed.

scholarly journals In Vivo Usability Test of Vascular Intervention Robotic System Controlled by Two Types of Master Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5453
Author(s):  
Hwa-Seob Song ◽  
Jae-Hong Woo ◽  
Jong-Yun Won ◽  
Byung-Ju Yi
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Usability Test ◽  
Usability Tests ◽  
System Usability Scale

Conventional vascular intervention (VI) procedures are typically performed manually under exposure to X-rays, whereby several problems are presented that need to be addressed owing to the patients and doctors being exposed to large amounts of radiation. In such cases, employing radiation protection units is not a long-term solution to avoid physical damage. Therefore, to overcome these issues, we propose a robotic VI system in this study. Moreover, we compare the extent of radiation exposure in the case of the conventional manual VI procedure with that in the case of the robotic procedure. The radiation exposure is then analyzed from the perspective of the doctor. Subsequently, the results of usability tests for two proposed master devices are presented in terms of the NASA task load index (NASA-TLX) and the system usability scale (SUS) score. To verify the effectiveness of the robotic VI system, animal experiments are conducted using a pig model. Among the two types of master devices tested with the proposed robotic VI system, the ergonomically designed 2-degree-of-freedom master device is found to be more effective than the joystick-type device in terms of the usability test scores. Hence, the proposed robotic VI procedure is shown to be advantageous in terms of reducing radiation exposure and improving usability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document